Oko kufuneka ukwazi ngeSifo sezintso

Izintso zezona zimbini zincinci, kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho. Uninzi lwexesha, zenza umsebenzi wazo buthule, ngoko asiqapheli ixabiso lazo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukusebenza kwezi zintso kuphazamisekile kancinci, umzimba wonke uqala ukuva iziphumo. Namhlanje, masithethe ngezi zifo zezintso, njengokuthetha nomhlobo.

Kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye kwezi zintso?

Cinga ngezintso zakho njengezona zihluzo zimbini zinamandla emzimbeni wakho. Zifumaneka kumacala omabini omqolo wakho, ngaphezulu nje kwesinqe sakho. Azizo nje izihluzo, zenza okungaphezulu koko. Ngamafutshane, ezi zezinye zezinto eziphambili ezenziwa zizintso eziphilileyo. Xa izintso zonakele, azikwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi ngokufanelekileyo. Emva koko, inkunkuma kunye namanzi agqithisileyo ziyaqokelelana emzimbeni, nto leyo ebangela izinto ezifana nokudumba kwamaqatha, isicaphucaphu, ukudinwa, ukungalali, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. Ukuba azinyangwa, lo monakalo ungaqhubekela phambili uye kwingxaki epheleleyo yezintso. Leyo yimeko embi kakhulu, esongela ubomi.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zesifo sezintso?

Isifo sezintso sinokwahlulwa sibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Esinye sisifo esikhula kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha, kanti esinye sisifo esenzeka ngequbuliso.

Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD)

Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. I-CKD yimeko apho izintso zingakwaziyo ukucoca igazi ngokufanelekileyo kangangeenyanga ezingaphezu kwe-3. Ayiphuhli ngequbuliso. Iphuhla kancinci kancinci, kangangeminyaka emininzi. Eyona nto iyingozi kukuba akukho zimpawu zibonakalayo kwizigaba zokuqala. Yiyo loo nto abantu abaninzi bengazi ukuba banale sifo. Isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zezona zizathu zimbini ziphambili ze-CKD. Nangona unyango lungenakusinyanga ngokupheleleyo esi sifo, lunokulawula ukuba mandundu kwaso.

Ezinye iintlobo zesifo sezintso

Ukongeza kwi-CKD, kukho nezinye iintlobo ezininzi zesifo sezintso.

• Isifo sezintso esinePolycystic : Esi sisifo esibangelwa lufuzo. IiCysts, ezizaliswe lulwelo, zenzeka kwizintso . Oku kunciphisa ukusebenza kwezintso.
• I-Glomerulonephritis: Ukonakala kweeyunithi ezincinci zokucoca igazi (i-glomeruli) ngaphakathi kwezintso. Le meko inokwenzeka nasemva kwezinye izifo zomqala (iintsholongwane ze-strep).
• I-Lupus Nephritis: I-Lupus sisifo esihlasela iiseli zomzimba ezisempilweni. Le meko yenzeka xa izintso zihlaselwa.
• I-Pyelonephritis : Olu lusulelo lomchamo oluchaphazela izintso. Ukuba olu sulelo luvela rhoqo, lunokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade kwizintso.

Zithini izizathu zesifo sezintso?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zesifo sezintso. Masizijonge nganye nganye ngokwahlukeneyo.

Izizathu Zokwenzakala Kwezintso Okubukhali

Kulapho izintso ziphelelwa ngamandla zingasebenzi kakuhle kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Oku kunokubangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukopha kakhulu ngenxa yengozi enkulu.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu.
• I-Sepsis (umothuko) obangelwa lusulelo oluqatha.
• Amanye amayeza, anjengeentlungu zokudambisa iintlungu , ii-antibiotics , kunye neetyhefu.
• Ukuvaleka kwe-urethra ngenxa yamatye omchamo okanye ukwanda kwe-prostate gland kumadoda.

Izizathu zeSifo sezintso esingapheliyo

Izizathu eziphambili zokuba izintso zibuthathaka kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha zezi:

• Isifo seswekile: Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini angalawulekiyo kangangeminyaka emininzi ayonakalisa ngokuthe ngqo izintso.
• Uxinzelelo Lwegazi Oluphezulu: Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi lushiywa lungalawulwa ixesha elide, lonakalisa imithambo yegazi ethambileyo ehambisa igazi ezintso.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwee-painkillers: Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwee-painkillers, ingakumbi ii-NSAIDs (umz., i-Ibuprofen, i-Naproxen), ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha kuyingozi kakhulu kwizintso.
• Izizathu zofuzo: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba nesifo sezintso, nawe usenokuba sengozini.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Kwisifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo, kusenokungabikho zimpawu zibonakalayo de kubekho i-70%-80% yezintso ezonakaliswe. Yiyo loo nto esi sifo sikwabizwa ngokuba "ngumbulali othuleyo." Xa isifo sinzima kancinci, iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukudumba kwamaqatha, iinyawo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubuso.
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu kwaye ndingenabomi.
• Ukucaphuka rhoqo kunye nokuhlanza.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nencasa yesinyithi emlonyeni.
• Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo.
• Ukungalali okanye ubunzima bokulala.
• Utshintsho kwinani lokuchama (ukwanda okanye ukuncipha).
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ubunzima bokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.

Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze ngembali yosapho lwakho, amayeza owaselayo, kunye neempawu zakho. Emva koko, uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ezinje:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ngokukodwa, uvavanyo lweSerum Creatinine lulinganisa ubungakanani benkunkuma egazini kwaye lubala ukusebenza kwezintso (eGFR).
• Uvavanyo lomchamo:Umchamo ujongwa ukuba awunazo iiproteni okanye amasuntswana egazi. Izintso eziphilileyo azikhuphi iiproteni.
• I-Ultrasound Scan: Oku kunokujonga ubungakanani, imilo yezintso, kunye nokuba kukho na amatye omchamo.
• I-Biopsy Yezintso: Kwezinye iimeko, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili kwizintso ukuze kuchongwe unobangela wesifo.

Iphathwa njani?

Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD) asinakunyangeka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sifunyenwe kwangethuba, unyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokuthintela okanye lunciphise kakhulu umonakalo wezintso. Iinjongo eziphambili zonyango zezi: 1. Ukulawula unobangela wesifo (umz. isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu). 2. Ukulawula iimpawu. 3. Ukuthintela umonakalo wezintso.

Amayeza

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza afana ne -ACE inhibitors okanye ii-ARB ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi. La mayeza awagcini nje ngokulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, kodwa anceda nokukhusela izintso zakho ngokunciphisa ubungakanani beproteni oyidluliselayo kumchamo wakho. Anokukunika amayeza okulawula iswekile yegazi lakho, ukunciphisa i-cholesterol yakho, kunye nokunyanga i-anemia.

Ukutya

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Izigulana zezintso zifuna ukutya okukhethekileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, kufuneka unciphise ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi (i-sodium), i-potassium, kunye ne-phosphorus. Kusenokufuneka unciphise ukutya kwakho ngeproteni namanzi. Ingcali yokutya ingakunika icebiso elihle kakhulu ngale nto. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela kwenye.

I-Dialysis

Xa ukusebenza kwezintso kwehle kakhulu kwaye zifikelela kwisigaba sokugqibela sesifo sezintso (ESRD), umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe zizintso, okukukucoca igazi, kufuneka wenziwe ngoncedo lomatshini. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-dialysis .

• I-Hemodialysis: Oku kuquka ukudibanisa umzimba wakho nomatshini ohluza igazi lakho uze ulibuyisele emzimbeni wakho. Kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele okanye kwiziko le-dialysis iintsuku ezi-2-3 ngeveki ukuze wenze oku.
• I-Peritoneal Dialysis: Le yindlela enokwenziwa ekhaya. Ulwelo olukhethekileyo lufakwa ngetyhubhu ebekwe kwisisu, kwaye ulwelo lusetyenziselwa ukufunxa inkunkuma egazini.

Ukufakelwa Kwezintso

Unyango olungcono lwesifo sezintso esikwinqanaba lokugqibela kukufakelwa izintso okunempilo. Oku kungenziwa ngumntu ophilayo (ilungu losapho okanye omnye umntu) okanye kumntu oswelekileyo. Emva kokufakelwa izintso ngempumelelo, uya kukwazi ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwe-dialysis. Isifo Sezintso, Isifo Sezintso Esingapheliyo, Isifo Seswekile, Uxinzelelo Lwegazi Oluphezulu, I-Dialysis, Ukufakelwa Kwezintso, Isifo Sezintso Sinhala