Njengomama okanye utata, uhlala uzama ukwenza ikamva lomntwana wakho libe lihle kwaye umkhusele kuzo zonke iintlobo zezifo, akunjalo? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesitofu esixabisekileyo esinokukhusela abantwana kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza onzima abanokuba nawo kwixesha elizayo. Esi sisitofu se-HPV. Oku akubalulekanga nje kuphela ebantwaneni, kodwa kunokubaluleka nakuwe, bantu abadala abaselula. Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula.
Okokuqala, yintoni i-HPV?
Ngamafutshane, i-HPV yintsholongwane. Ngokuchanekileyo, yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Human Papillomavirus". Yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo kakhulu, njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Kodwa isasazeka ngokudibana kwesikhumba, njengaxa umntu elalana. Ixhaphake kakhulu kangangokuba malunga nama-80% abantu ababelana ngesondo baya kuba nosulelo lwe-HPV ngaxa lithile ebomini babo.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Uninzi lwexesha, amajoni ethu omzimba anokulwa nentsholongwane aze ayibulale. Asiyiboni nokuyibona loo nto.
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ezinye iintlobo zeentsholongwane ze-HPV aziphumi emzimbeni. Zinokuhlala emzimbeni ixesha elide kwaye zibangele iingxaki ezinkulu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwezi ngumhlaza. Le ntsholongwane ye-HPV yimbangela yepesenti ephezulu kakhulu yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ikwabangela umhlaza onxulumene nezitho zangasese, umhlaza wempundu, kunye nomhlaza we-oropharyngeal. Ukongeza, le ntsholongwane ye-HPV ikwangunobangela wemeko ebizwa ngokuba ziintsholongwane zesini.
Ngoko ke kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye ngegonyo le-HPV?
Nantsi into ebalulekileyo. Ugonyo lwe-HPV lugonyo oluthintela usulelo, hayi unyango losulelo. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba ufumana ugonyo ngaphambi kokuba uchaphazeleke naluphi na uhlobo lwe-HPV virus, luya kukukhusela ekosulelekeni ukuba ufumana intsholongwane. Kufana nogonyo lwepoliyo kunye ne-masisi olunikwa usengumntwana.
Khumbula, ukuba sele wosulelwe luhlobo oluthile lwe-HPV, olu gonyo alunakunyanga olo sulelo. Nangona kunjalo, olu gonyo lunokukukhusela kwezinye iintlobo ze-HPV ongekasulelwa kuzo.
Olu gonyo luthintela kakhulu:
- Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko
- Umhlaza wesisu
- Umhlaza weVulvar
- Umhlaza wepenis
- Umhlaza wempundu
- Umhlaza womqala ongasemva (umhlaza we-oropharyngeal)
- Iintsumpa zesini
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu gonyo luqale luthintele usulelo lwentsholongwane olukhokelela kumhlaza. Oko kuthetha ukuba olu gonyo lufana nogonyo lokulwa nomhlaza.
Zingaphi iintlobo zemithi yokugonya ye-HPV ezikhoyo?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezintathu zemithi yokugonya ye-HPV. Kodwa okwangoku, lunye kuphela uhlobo olusetyenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni kwaye lubonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu. Makhe sijonge oko.
| Igama lesitofu sokugonya | Iintlobo ze-HPV ezibonelela ngokhuseleko kunye nokubaluleka kwazo |
|---|---|
| I-Gardasil-9 | Le yeyona gonyo ilungileyo nepheleleyo ekhoyo. Ikhusela kwiintlobo ezili-9 ze-HPV.
|
| I-Gardasil | Olu lugonyo lokuqala oluphumayo. Lukhusela kwiintlobo ezine zeHPV (16, 18, 6, 11). Lunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngama-70%. |
| I-Cervarix | Oku kukhusela kuphela kwiintlobo ezimbini ze-HPV ezisengozini enkulu yomhlaza - i-HPV-16 kunye ne-18. Ayikhuseli kwiintsumpa zesini. |
Ungabuza ugqirha wakho malunga nemithi yokugonya ekhoyo ngoku eSri Lanka evela kurhulumente nakumacandelo abucala.
Ngubani ofanele afumane olu gonyo? Ngowuphi ubudala obufanelekileyo?
Olu gonyo lucetyiswa kuye wonke umntu, nokuba ungowasiphi na isini, kuba intsholongwane yeHPV ichaphazela zombini izini. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokufumana olu gonyo kungaphambi kokuba uqale ukwabelana ngesondo.
- Abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-9 neli-12 ubudala: Eli lelona xesha lifanelekileyo nelifanelekileyo lokugonywa. Kule minyaka, amajoni omzimba abantwana anamandla kakhulu, ngoko ke impendulo kwigonyo iphezulu kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukhuseleko olunikezelwayo luphezulu kakhulu.
- Abantu abaselula ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-26 ubudala:Ukuba awuzange ufumane olu gonyo xa wawusemncinci, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulufumane xa uneminyaka engama-26 ubudala. Nokuba uqala uthotho lwamayeza okugonya uze uyeke phakathi, ungagqiba iidosi ezisele.
- Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-27 ukuya kwengama-45 ubudala: Ukusebenza kakuhle kwesi sitofu kubantu abakweli qela leminyaka kunokwahluka kumntu nomntu . Oku kungenxa yokuba abantu abaninzi abakule minyaka basenokuba bachaphazeleke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-HPV. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usandul' ukuqalisa ukwenza isondo okanye ukhe wadibana nabantu abambalwa ngokwesondo ngaphambili, ungazuza kwesi sitofu. Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo.
Ngaba kukho abantu abangafanele bagonywe?
Ewe, kwezinye iimeko akufanelekanga ukufumana olu gonyo.
- Abafazi abakhulelweyo: Ukhuseleko lolu gonyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa alukhange lufundwe ngokwaneleyo, ngoko ke kungcono ukufumana ugonyo emva kokuba ukhulelwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngengozi ufumana umlinganiselo wogonyo uze kamva ufumanise ukuba ukhulelwe, ungakhathazeki. Akukho ngxelo zokuba lunokwenzakalisa umntwana wakho.
- Abantu abaye baba ne-allergy enkulu kwidosi yangaphambili: Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhe waba ne-allergy enkulu kwidosi yangaphambili ye-HPV vaccine, okanye ukuba unesifo se-allergy esinzima kuyo nayiphi na into ekugonyeni (umz., igwele).
- Abantu abanesifo esiqatha okanye esiphakathi: Ukuba unesifo esifana nomkhuhlane okanye ukukhwehlela, kungcono ukugonywa emva kokuba uphilile ngokupheleleyo.
Lithini inani leedosi kunye neshedyuli yokufumana igonyo?
Inani leedosi ozifumanayo lixhomekeke ekubeni uneminyaka emingaphi xa uqala ukufumana igonyo.
| Iqela leminyaka | Inani leedosi ezifunekayo | Ishedyuli |
|---|---|---|
| Iminyaka eyi-9 ukuya kweyi-15 | Iidosi ezi-2 | Idosi yesibini kufuneka inikwe phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 emva kwedosi yokuqala. |
| Iminyaka eli-15 nangaphezulu | Iidosi ezi-3 | Idosi yesibini emva kwenyanga e-1-2 emva kwedosi yokuqala. Idosi yesithathu emva kweenyanga ezi-6 emva kwedosi yokuqala. |
Inqaku Elikhethekileyo: Abantu abane-immune system ebuthathaka bayo nayiphi na iminyaka kufuneka bagqibezele uthotho lwe-3-doses vaccine.
Ziziphi iingenelo zokwenyani zokufumana i-HPV vaccine?
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yoku kukuba ikhusela kumhlaza onzima onokuthi uvele kwixesha elizayo.
- Kumantombazana nabasetyhini: Amanani omhlaza wesibeleko ehle kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela ukusukela oko kwaqaliswa isitofu ngo-2006. Le yinto enokusindisa ubomi.
- Kumakhwenkwe namadoda: Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba olu lugonyo lwamantombazana kuphela. Akulunganga oko. Olu gonyo lunceda ekukhuseleni umhlaza womqala, wempundu, nowepenis onokubakho kumadoda. Kwakhona, ngokugonywa, unokukhusela iqabane lakho elizayo kwintsholongwane ye-HPV.
Olu asilogonyo lwamantombazana kuphela. Lubaluleke ngokulinganayo nakubafana. Xa wonke umntu efumana olu gonyo, lonke uluntu lukhuselekile kwi-HPV.
Ngaba ufanele woyike iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
Akunjalo konke konke. Isitofu sokugonya se-HPV sisitofu esikhuselekileyo kakhulu. Njengalo naluphi na isitofu sokugonya, kunokubakho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci. Kodwa zezokwexeshana.
- Ubuhlungu, ukudumba, okanye ukubomvu kwindawo yokujova
- Intloko ebuhlungu okanye ukuziva udiniwe
- Intlungu yemisipha okanye yamalungu
- Isiyezi
- Umkhuhlane ofana nomkhuhlane
- Isicaphucaphu
Ezi mpawu ziyanyamalala ngokupheleleyo kungekapheli usuku okanye ezimbini. Iimpendulo eziqatha ze-allergy azifumaneki rhoqo.
Zithini iingcamango eziphosakeleyo kuluntu malunga nemithi yokugonya?
Ngelishwa, kukho ulwazi olungeyonyani kunye neentsomi ezisasazeka kuluntu malunga nesi sitofu sixabisekileyo. Masiqaphele loo nto.
Intsomi 1: Ukunika abantwana olu gonyo kuya kubakhuthaza ukuba balale ngesondo besebancinci.
Inyani: Oku kubuxoki ngokupheleleyo. Akukho phando luye lwabonisa naluphi na unxibelelwano phakathi kokufumana olu gonyo kunye nokuba umntwana uqala nini ukwabelana ngesondo. Oku kufana nokuthi, "Ukuba unxiba isigcina-ntloko ukuze uzikhusele kwingozi, unokuba sengozini ngabom." Sinika izitofu zokukhusela kwizifo kwixesha elizayo, xa sele bekhulile kwaye benobudlelwane obuphilileyo.
Intsomi yesi-2: Olu gonyo lubaluleke kakhulu kumantombazana kuphela.
Inyaniso:Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngako ngaphambili, oku kubaluleke ngokufanayo nakubafana. Intsholongwane ye-HPV inokubangela umhlaza kunye neempundu zesini kumadoda. Ukugonywa kukwanceda ekuthinteleni ukuba ube ngumthwali wentsholongwane kwaye uyisasaze kwabanye.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo)
Ngaba kufuneka ndenze uvavanyo lwePap kuba ndifumene isitofu seHPV?
Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ukwenze oku! Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Nangona isitofu sokugonya sikunika ukhuseleko oluphezulu kwiintlobo eziphambili ze-HPV ezibangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, asikukhuseli kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-HPV ezibangela umhlaza. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko (uvavanyo lwePap) ngexesha.
Ngaba ikho na imfuneko yokufumana isitofu sokugonya ukuba sele ndine-HPV?
Yinto omele uyixoxe nogqirha wakho. Isitofu sokugonya asinakukukhusela kuhlobo lwe-HPV osele wosulelwe yiyo. Nangona kunjalo, sinokukukhusela kwezinye iintlobo ze-HPV ezigutyungelwe sisitofu sokugonya ongekasulelwa yiso okwangoku.
Ndifumene isitofu esidala (iGardasil/Cervarix). Ngaba kufuneka ndifumane neGardasil-9 entsha?
Oku akukhuthazwa rhoqo. Nokuba usebenzisa imijovo emidala, sele ukhuselekile kwiintlobo zeHPV ezibangela uninzi lomhlaza. Ngoko ke, kunye nokufumana uvavanyo lwePap rhoqo, olo khuselo lwanele. Kodwa ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga noku, thetha nogqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-HPV yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo enokubangela iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza, kuquka nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
- Isitofu sokugonya se-HPV yindlela ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo yokukhusela kule mihlaza kunye neentsholongwane zesini.
- Ubudala obufanelekileyo bokufumana isitofu sokugonya buphakathi kweminyaka eli-9 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala. Oku kucetyiswa kumadoda nabasetyhini.
- Nokuba sele ugonyiwe, kusayimfuneko ukuba abafazi bahlolwe umhlaza wesibeleko rhoqo (uvavanyo lwePap).
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo malunga nesi sitofu sokugonya, musa ukukholelwa kwiingcamango eziphosakeleyo ezikwi-intanethi, kodwa buza ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yezemithi . Yiloo nto ilungileyo onokuyenza.
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