Ingaba unesodium encinci (ityuwa)? Masithethe nge-hyponatremia!

Ityuwa ibalulekile emizimbeni yethu, akunjalo? Kodwa abanye abantu bacinga ukuba ukutya ityuwa eninzi yeyona ngxaki kuphela. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ukwehla kobungakanani betyuwa, oko kukuthi, i-sodium, emzimbeni ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yingozi kakhulu? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-hyponatremia kwezonyango. Nangona oku kunokubonakala ngathi ligama elinzima, ngamazwi alula, kuthetha ukuba inqanaba le-sodium egazini lakho liphantsi kunobungakanani obucetyiswayo. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe namhlanje, kuba le yinto sonke ekufuneka siyiqaphele.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-hyponatremia?

Ngamafutshane, i-hyponatremia iyenzeka xa i-sodium egazini lakho (inxalenye ephambili yetyuwa esiyityayo) iphantsi kunesiqhelo. Oogqirha ngokubanzi bacinga ukuba i-hyponatremia yimeko apho inqanaba le-sodium lingaphantsi kwe-135 milliequivalents ngelitha (135 mEq/L).

Ngoku unokucinga, "Owu, ityuwa encinci ilungile, ininzi imbi." Kodwa njengezinye izinto ebomini, ibhalansi ibalulekile. Ukuze umzimba wakho ugcine uphilile, kufuneka ube nebhalansi echanekileyo phakathi kwamanzi kunye nesodium. Ezinye izifo okanye amayeza anokuphazamisa olu lungelelwano. Xa oko kusenzeka, amanzi agqithisileyo anokungena kwiiseli zakho, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ziyeke ukusebenza kakuhle. Oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu engqondweni yakho.

Ukuba izintso zakho zisebenza kakuhle, akulula ukuba amanqanaba esodium egazini lakho ehle kakhulu kuba nje usela amanzi amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokwenzeka ukuba uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu (njengokuba emva kokubaleka i-marathon) kwaye usela amanzi kuphela ngaphandle kokugcwalisa ii-electrolytes zakho (iiminerali ezifunekayo emzimbeni wakho ukuze usebenze).

I-Hyponatremia inokuba yinto engapheliyo okanye ebukhali . Xa ibikho ixesha elide, iimpawu ziyakhula kancinci njengoko umzimba uqhelana namanqanaba aphantsi esodium. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amanqanaba esodium ehla ngequbuliso, iimpawu zinokuba nzima ngequbuliso.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-hyponatremia?

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-hyponatremia. Ukwazi ukuba zeziphi ezi zinto kunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumanise ukuba yintoni ebangela imeko yakho kunye nonyango olufunekayo.

1. I-Euvolemic hyponatremia/i-dilutional hyponatremia: Oku kwenzeka xa ubungakanani besodium emzimbeni wakho bungatshintshi, kodwa ubungakanani bamanzi emzimbeni wakho buyanda. Kufana nokongeza amanzi amaninzi kwiglasi yamanzi kwaye ityuwa yamanzi ayibonakali kangako.

2. I-Hyponatremia egqithisileyo: Apha, ubungakanani bamanzi kunye ne-sodium emzimbeni wakho buyanda. Nangona kunjalo, ubungakanani bamanzi buyanda ngaphezu kobungakanani be-sodium.

3.I-Hypovolemic hyponatremia: Oku kwenzeka xa umlinganiselo wamanzi kunye ne-sodium emzimbeni wakho uncipha. Nangona kunjalo, umlinganiselo we-sodium uncipha ngaphezu komlinganiselo wamanzi.

Nangona olu hlobo lolwahlulo lusenokubonakala ngathi lungolwezonyango, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana unobangela.

Zithini iimpawu zeHyponatremia?

Umntu one-hyponatremia unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Intlungu okanye ubuthathaka bemisipha: Kusenokuvakala ngathi amalungu akho ayaphela amandla, ngathi iziqwenga zenyama ziyawa.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Isisu sakho sisenokuvakala ngathi siyadakumba kwaye usenokuziva ngathi uza kuhlanza.
• Ukulala kakhulu okanye ukudinwa (Ukudinwa): Imeko yokusoloko udiniwe, ungakwazi ukwenza nantoni na.
• Intloko ebuhlungu: Intloko ebuhlungu inokubakho.
• Ukudideka okanye utshintsho lwengqondo: Izinto ezifana nokudideka, ukwenza izinto ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunangaphambili.
• Ukuxhuzula: Ukuba imeko iba mandundu, ingafana nokuxhuzula.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba zibonakala zisiba mandundu, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Kutheni kukho i-hyponatremia? Zithini izizathu?

I-Hyponatremia idla ngokuvela xa umzimba wakho unamanzi amaninzi, nto leyo enciphisa amanqanaba akho esodium. Ngamanye amaxesha, oku kunokwenzeka nokuba ulahlekelwa yisodium eninzi (kodwa kudla ngokuba yincinci). Nangona kunjalo, xa ibhalansi phakathi kwamanzi kunye nesodium emzimbeni wakho ingalingani, ulwelo lungena kwiiseli zakho kwaye luphazamise ukusebenza kwazo okuqhelekileyo.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezithile ze-hyponatremia:

• I-SIADH (I-Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion): Oku kwenzeka xa umzimba ukhupha i-hormone eninzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-Antidiuretic hormone, enceda umzimba ukuba ugcine amanzi. Oku kubangela ukuba amanzi aqokeleleke emzimbeni aze anciphise i-sodium.
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo: Xa intliziyo iba buthathaka, ulwelo emzimbeni lunokuqokelelana ngaphandle kokujikeleza kakuhle.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso: Izintso zilawula ubungakanani bamanzi netyuwa emzimbeni. Ezi ngxaki zenzeka xa zingasebenzi kakuhle.
• Isifo sesibindi: Le meko inokwenzeka xa isibindi sonakele.
• Isifo seNephrotic: Esi sisifo esinxulumene nezintso.
• Iimeko ze-neurological ezifana neethumba zobuchopho
• Unxano olugqithisileyo kunye nokusela utywala (i-Polydipsia)
• I-Hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi kakuhle)
• Ukusela ibhiya eninzi okanye olunye utywala (iBeer potomania): Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba amanzi kuphela kwengxaki, kodwa oku kunokwenzeka nokuba usela izinto ezininzi ezifana nebhiya.
• Urhudo okanye ukuhlanza:Ezi zinto zibangela ukuba amanzi kunye nesodium zilahleke emzimbeni.
• Amayeza athile: Umzekelo, amayeza okukhupha isisu (abizwa ngokuba "ziipilisi zamanzi") kunye namayeza okuphelisa uxinzelelo e-SSRI.
• Amanye amayeza: Le meko inokubakho xa kusetyenziswa amayeza afana ne-MDMA (esaziwa ngamagama anje nge-"ecstasy" kunye ne-"molly").

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yi-hyponatremia?

Ukuba unenye yezi meko zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba ne-hyponatremia. Le ngozi inokwanda emva kotyando oluthile.

Ngaba i-Hyponatremia ingasongela ubomi?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ukuba i-hyponatremia iba mandundu , izicwili zakho, ingakumbi izicwili zakho zengqondo, ziya kuqala ukudumba ngamanzi. Ukuba oku akunyangeki ngokukhawuleza, kunokukhokelela kwi-coma, umonakalo ongunaphakade wengqondo, okanye nokufa. Ngoko ke oku akuyonto yokudlala ngayo.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-Hyponatremia?

Oogqirha basebenzisa kakhulu uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo ukufumanisa i-hyponatremia. Olu vavanyo lujonga amanqanaba esodium, ipotassium, iihomoni ezithile, kunye nezinye izinto emzimbeni wakho. Lujonga nokuba izintso zakho nesibindi zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani na. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe i-CT scan okanye i-chest X-ray.

Ukongeza, ugqirha unokukubuza izinto ezifana nezi:

• Luhlobo luni lwemidlalo oludlalayo kwaye uziqeqesha njani?
• Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo?
• Zeziphi izifo okanye utyando onalo okanye okhe walufumana ngaphambili?
• Usela utywala obungakanani?

Lonke olu lwazi lunceda ugqirha ukuba aqonde imeko yakho ngqo.

Iphathwa njani iHyponatremia?

Unyango lwe-hyponatremia luxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nohlobo lwe-hyponatremia onayo. Iindlela zonyango zingabandakanya:

• Ukunciphisa ukungenisa amanzi: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukunciphisa ukungenisa amanzi kunokunceda ukulawula imeko.
• Ukutshintsha amayeza owasebenzisayo: Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uyeke ukuthatha amayeza okanye utshintshe umthamo wawo.
• Ukunika ulwelo olufakwa emthanjeni (ii-IV fluids): Ukunika izinto ezifana ne-saline emzimbeni ngemithambo yegazi.
• Amayeza akhethekileyo anikwa abantu abanamanqanaba aphantsi esodium: Umzekelo, `(Tolvaptan)` okanye `(Conivaptan)`.

Ugqirha uza kunyanga naziphi na iimeko zempilo ezingabonakaliyo ezinokubangela i-hyponatremia.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngexesha lonyango

Oogqirha balumkile kakhulu xa benyanga i-hyponatremia ukuba banganyusi ngequbuliso amanqanaba e-sodium ngaphezu kwenqanaba elicetyiswayo. Kuba ukuba ngequbuliso unyusa amanqanaba e-sodium emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza kakhulu,, enokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinobungozi, ezisongela ubomi ezifana ne-"Central pontine myelinolysis" okanye i-"Osmotic demyelination syndrome", ezonakalisa ingqondo. Yiyo loo nto ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-hyponatremia, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ngaba i-hyponatremia ingathintelwa?

Nangona ingenakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo, ungenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Kuphephe ukusela ibhiya okanye ezinye iziselo ezinxilisayo kakhulu.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi kangangoko unxaniwe (ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ngenye indlela). Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba kufuneka usele iilitha zamanzi ngosuku, kodwa oko akuyonyani. Unxano lolona phawu lubalaseleyo.
• Musa ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezifana ne-MDMA.
• Xa uzilolonga okanye ukhuphisana kwezemidlalo, endaweni yokusela amanzi nje kuphela, sela iziselo ezinee-electrolytes (umz. iziselo zemidlalo). Kodwa ezi azilungelanga nawe.
• Ukuba unesifo esiyandisa umngcipheko wakho we-hyponatremia, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela engcono yokusilawula.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo, ingakumbi ukutya okuneproteni eninzi.

Yintoni endinokuyilindela ukuba ndine-hyponatremia?

Imbonakalo ye-hyponatremia ixhomekeke kakhulu kwisizathu. Uninzi lwabantu lunokuphila ngokupheleleyo ukuba lunyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko efana nokudumba kobuchopho ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, inokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, i-hyponatremia ingaba luphawu lokuba imeko yezonyango engaphantsi iya isiba mandundu. Ngokubanzi, abantu abanesifo sezintso okanye sesibindi banezinga lokufa eliphakamileyo kancinci kunabantu abafumana i-hyponatremia ngenxa yezinye izizathu.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba unesifo esiyandisa umngcipheko wakho we-hyponatremia, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaso. Angakunceda ulawule imeko yakho aze akuxelele ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele.

Kwi-hyponatremia engapheliyo, iimpawu zinokuvela zize ziphele. Umzekelo, ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha, unengxaki yokugxila, njl. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho emzimbeni wakho, ingakumbi ukuba luya lusiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, kulungile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukudideka
• Ukuxhuzula/ukudibana
• Ubunzima bokuvuka ebuthongweni
• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu
• Ukuhlanza okukhulu okanye urhudo

Ngexesha elinje, musa ukulinda ekhaya.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Xa ubona ugqirha, kunokuba luncedo ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Kutheni oku kwenzeke kum?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela oku kwixesha elizayo?
• Ziziphi iimpawu zokuqala ze-hyponatremia?
• Ndingawasela njani amayeza am ngokuchanekileyo?
• Ndifanele ndisele amanzi angakanani ngosuku?

Ngaba ndifanele nditye ityuwa engakumbi ukuba ndine-sodium ephantsi?

Ukuba amanqanaba akho esodium egazini aphantsi, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ulandele icebiso likagqirha wakho. Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu. Ukuba utya ityuwa eninzi, inokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki zempilo.

Sisoloko sicinga ngetyuwa njengento embi. Kodwa njengayo yonke enye into, ibhalansi ibalulekile. I-sodium encinci kakhulu inokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ezinzulu. I-Hyponatremia yimeko eqhelekileyo, kwaye ukuba inyangwa ngokukhawuleza, uninzi lwabantu lunokuchacha ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ekubeni zininzi izizathu, ukulawula iimeko zakho zonyango kunye namayeza yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo, ungaze unqikaze ukubuza ugqirha.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoku uyaqonda kakuhle into esithethe ngayo namhlanje, i-Hyponatremia. Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule zezi:

• Ibhalansi yesodium namanzi emzimbeni ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba ininzi okanye incinci kakhulu le nto inokubangela iingxaki.
• I-Hyponatremia kukwehla kwamanqanaba e-sodium egazini. Oku kunokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo .
• Ukuba kukho iimpawu (ezifana nokuxhuzula kwemisipha, isicaphucaphu, ukudideka, intloko ebuhlungu), ingakumbi ukuba zinzima okanye ziyanda kancinci kancinci, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
• Kuphephe ukutya ityuwa ngendlela othanda ngayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha.
• Kubalulekile ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo iimeko zempilo ezisisiseko (ezifana nesifo sentliziyo, isifo sezintso) kwaye uqaphele amayeza owasebenzisayo.
• Unyango lwangethuba lunokukhokelela ekuchacheni. Ngoko ke ungoyiki, bonana nogqirha kwangoko xa unamathandabuzo.

Kufanelekile ukunyamekela impilo yakho!

I- Hyponatremia, i-sodium ephantsi, ityuwa ephantsi egazini, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ii-electrolytes, ibhalansi yamanzi omzimba, ukudumba kobuchopho