Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba xa umntwana wakho enesifo somkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, ulusu oluphakathi kweembambo zesifuba luyangena xa ephefumla? Okanye kubonakala ngathi isifuba sakhe siyabetha? Kuqhelekile ukuba nawuphi na umama okanye utata abe noloyiko xa ebona oku. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi -Intercostal Retractions kunyango. Olu luphawu olubalulekileyo lobunzima bokuphefumla. Ngoko masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula necacileyo namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ii-Intercostal Retractions?
Ukurhoxa kwemisipha phakathi kwemisipha kwenzeka xa izihlunu kunye nolusu oluphakathi kwemisipha yakho lutsalela ngaphakathi xa uphefumla. Igama elithi 'Intercostal' libhekisa kwindawo ephakathi kwemisipha emibini. Oku kurhoxa kwesifuba kuthetha ukuba kukho ukudumba okanye ukuvaleka kwemiphunga, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla.
Cinga ngale ndlela. Xa siphefumla ngokuqhelekileyo, umsipha ophakathi kwesifuba nesisu, obizwa ngokuba yi-diaphragm, uyatsalela phantsi. Oku kudala uxinzelelo olubi ngaphakathi esifubeni, kwaye umoya utsalelwa emiphungeni. Oku kufana nokutsala amayeza kwisirinji. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni ukuba indlela yomoya, indlela edlula ngayo umoya, ivalwe okanye incitshiswe yi-mucus okanye enye into? Nangona i-diaphragm itsalela phantsi, akukho moya waneleyo onokungena emiphungeni.
Kufana nokuba uvala elinye icala lengca uze ufunxe kwelinye icala. Nokuba utsala nzima kangakanani na, akukho nto ihlayo kwingca, endaweni yoko amacala engca atshona ngaphakathi. Yiloo nto eyenzekayo ngaphakathi esifubeni. Ngenxa yokuba umoya awungeni, izihlunu kunye nolusu lwesifuba ziqala ukutsala.
Oku kusenokuba yinto eqhelekileyo emva kokubaleka nokudlala, kodwa ukuba olu phawu luvela xa uphumle, ngaphandle kokuzibhokoxa, luphawu lobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla.
Ziziphi ezinye iimpawu zokuphefumla okufutshane?
Ukurhoxa kwe-intercostal kukubonakala kwemingxuma phakathi kweembambo. Kungathi iimbambo ziyatsalwa. Oku kubonakala ngakumbi kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci kuba banamafutha amancinci emzimbeni. Oogqirha basenokuba ngamanye amaxesha bakuxelele ukuba ujonge ukuqina kwesifuba ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla. Ukongeza kolu phawu, kukho nezinye iimpawu ezininzi ezinokubonwa ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukuvutha kwempumlo | Iimpumlo ziyavuleka kwaye zincipha rhoqo xa uphefumla. |
| Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza (`Tachypnea`) | Inani lokuphefumla ngomzuzu liyanda kakhulu xa umntu ekhula. |
| Izandi ezingaqhelekanga | Ukuphefumla okanye isandi esibuhlungu (stridor) esifubeni okanye emqaleni xa uphefumla. |
| Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo | Ukuziva okanye ukubonakala ngathi uphelelwa ngumphefumlo, nokuba uthetha. |
| Ukuthatha ixesha elide ukukhupha umoya | Kuthatha ixesha elide ukukhupha umoya kunokuphefumla. |
Ukuba ubona enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ingakumbi xa urhoxa ngaphakathi kwesisu, yingxamiseko yezonyango. Yisa umntwana okanye loo mntu kwisebe lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokurhoxisa?
Ewe, ezi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ulusu esifubeni nasentanyeni lutsalwa phi. Ngokusekelwe kuloo ndawo, ugqirha unokufumana umbono ocacileyo wokuba indlela yomoya ivalekile phi.
| Uhlobo lokurhoxa | Indawo apho utsala khona | Ihlala iboniswa |
|---|---|---|
| I-Intercostal | Phakathi kweembambo | Ukuvaleka kwendlela yokuphefumla esezantsi. |
| I-Subcostal | Ngaphantsi kwembambo, indawo yesisu | Ukuvaleka kwendlela yokuphefumla esezantsi. |
| Ngaphantsi komhlaba | Ngaphantsi kwesifuba | Ukuvaleka kwendlela yokuphefumla esezantsi. |
| I-Suprasternal (`Tracheal tug`) | Embindini wentamo, ngaphezulu kombindi wethambo lesifuba | Ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya ephezulu. |
| I-Supraclavicular | Ngaphezulu kwethambo lekhola | Ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya ephezulu. |
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili zale meko?
Ukurhoxa kwe-intercostal kubangelwa kukuncitshiswa okanye ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya. Oku kunokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
- Ukwanda kwezifo ezifana ne-asthma okanye i-COPD: Kwezi meko, iindlela zomoya ziyancipha, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla.
- Izifo zokuphefumla: Ingakumbi kwizifo ezifana ne-'RSV' virus, 'COVID-19', exhaphakileyo ebantwaneni.
- Ukudumba kwendlela yokuphefumla: Iimeko ezifana ne-'Bronchiolitis' (ukudumba kweendlela zomoya ezincinci), i-'Croup' (ukudumba kwengxolo), kunye ne-'Pneumonia' (i-pneumonia).
- Ukuvaleka: Ukuvaleka kwendlela yomoya ngenxa yento ebambeke emqaleni (umz., isiqwenga sokutya, ithoyi), umkhwinya otyebileyo, okanye ithumba.
- I-Severe Allergy Reaction (Anaphylaxis): I-Severe Allergy Reaction (i-Anaphylaxis) i-Allergy eqatha xa umntu etye, esela amayeza, okanye eluma izinambuzane inokubangela ukuba iindlela zomoya zidumbe kwaye zivaleke.
- Ezinye izizathu: Ukukhubazeka kwemithambo yelizwi, i-diabetesic ketoacidosis, kunye neemeko ezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-Reye's syndrome.
Luluphi unyango olunikwa ngoogqirha ngale nto?
Xa umntu onesifo sokurhoxa kwe-intercostal esiziswa esibhedlele, injongo yokuqala yoogqirha kukunciphisa ubunzima bokuphefumla nokubonelela umzimba ngomlinganiselo ofunekayo weoksijini. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu, kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango.
- Unyango lweoksijini: Ioksijini inikwa ngetyhubhu yempumlo okanye imaski yobuso.
- Unyango lweNebulizer: Ukuphefumla umphunga wamayeza, afana neebronchodilators ezivula iindlela zomoya okanye iicorticosteroids ezinciphisa ukudumba.
- Ukususa into evalelekileyo: Ukususa into ebambeke kwindlela yomoya.
- Umoya ophantsi koxinzelelo: Xa ukuphefumla ngokwakho kunzima kakhulu, umatshini ukhupha umoya okanye ioksijini xa uxinzelelo luphezulu. Oku kungenziwa ngemaski yobuso efana ne-`CPAP` okanye i-`BiPAP` okanye, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ngokuqhagamshela kwisixhobo sokuphefumla esenziweyo (`umoya ophantsi koomatshini`).
Ngexesha lonyango, ugqirha unokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze afumane unobangela wale meko.
- I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan.
- Ukuthatha i-swab yempumlo ukuze kufunyanwe usulelo lwentsholongwane.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi.
Zithini iingozi ukuba azinyangwa?
Ukuba imeko ebangela ukurhoxa kwe-intercostal ayinyangwa, imeko inokuba mandundu. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ubunzima bokuphefumla,
- Ukuncipha kokunikezelwa kweoksijini kwizicubu zomzimba (i-hypoxia).
- Ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-carbon dioxide egazini (hypercapnia).
- Iingxaki ezisongela ubomi ezifana nokungaphumeleli ngokupheleleyo kokuphefumla zinokwenzeka.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukurhoxa kwesikhumba phakathi kweimbambo kukutsalwa kwesikhumba phakathi kweembambo xa uphefumla. Olu luphawu olubalulekileyo lobunzima bokuphefumla .
- Olu phawu lubonakala ngokucacileyo kubantwana abancinci nakwiintsana.
- Ukuba ufumana olu phawu ngelixa umile nje, ungazibhokoxi, yingxamiseko leyo. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
- Le meko inokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-asthma, i-pneumonia, okanye into evala indlela yomoya.
- Unyango luvula iindlela zomoya kwaye lunike umzimba ioksijini oyifunayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungoyiki xa ubona le meko kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
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