Ngaba iliso elinye liyavaleka xa ujika amehlo akho ajonge ecaleni? Makhe sithethe nge-Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO)!

Ngaba wakha waqaphela, okanye waziva, ukuba xa uzama ukujonga kwelinye icala, elinye lamehlo akho libonakala lijonge kwelinye icala endaweni yokuba lijonge kuloo cala? Okanye ngaba elinye iliso lima embindini kwaye elinye iliso lihamba liye ecaleni? Oku kunokuba ngamava aphazamisayo kwaye angakhululekiyo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesinye isizathu esinokubangela oku, esibizwa ngokuba yi-'Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia' okanye '(INO)'. Ungakhathazeki, masichaze ngokulula.

Yintoni i-INO? (Yintoni i-INO?)

Ngamafutshane, igama elithi `Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO)` ligama lezonyango elichaza imeko apho elinye lamehlo akho (ngamanye amaxesha omabini amehlo) lingajiki ngokupheleleyo kuloo ndlela xa uzama ukujonga ecaleni. Umzekelo, ukuba uzama ukujonga ngasekunene, iliso lakho lasekhohlo liyama embindini, lingadluli impumlo yakho. Okanye ukuba uzama ukujonga ngasekhohlo, iliso lakho lasekunene liyama.

Ukuba sihlalutya intsingiselo yale gama kancinci, igama elithi "Internuclear" libhekisa kwindlela amaziko emithambo-luvo (nuclei) asebenzisana ngayo. Igama elithi "Ophthalmoplegia" libhekisa ekukhubazekeni kwemisipha yamehlo. Ngoko ke, kwi-`(INO)`, kukho umonakalo othile kwindlela ekhethekileyo yemithambo-luvo (ebizwa ngokuba yi-`Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus`) evela kwingqondo eququzelela iintshukumo zamehlo ethu. Le ndlela yemithambo-luvo ifana nenkqubo yocingo lwendlu. Asiyinikeli ngqalelo ingako ide isebenze kakuhle, kodwa kuphela xa kukho into engahambi kakuhle kuyo apho siqonda ixabiso layo.

I-INO inokuchaphazela iliso elinye kuphela (i-INO emacala omabini) okanye omabini amehlo ngaxeshanye (i-INO emacala omabini).

Kubalulekile: Ngamanye amaxesha le meko "INO" ingaba luphawu lwemeko enzima, esongela ubomi, efana nestroke. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumana olu tshintsho lwamehlo kunye neempawu zestroke (umz., ukugoba kwejwabu leso, ukungaziva kakuhle engalweni okanye emlenzeni, ubunzima bokuthetha), kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-911 ngoko nangoko uze uye esibhedlele.

Abanye abantu bayachacha ngokupheleleyo kwi-INO. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ubomi babo bonke. Ubude bexesha elithathwayo ukuze baphile buxhomekeke kakhulu kwisizathu esibangela i-INO.

Zithini iimpawu ze-INO? (Zithini iimpawu ze-INO?)

Uphawu oluphambili nolucacileyo kukuba iliso elinye alijiki kakuhle xa lijonge ecaleni. Ukongeza, oku kulandelayo kunokwenzeka:

• Ukubona kabini (iDiplopia): Oku kubonakala ngakumbi xa ujonge ecaleni. Kwabanye abantu, kunokwenzeka naxa ujonge phezulu. Khawucinge, kuthekani ukuba ubuhamba esitalatweni uze ngequbuliso ubone yonke into iphakathi? Bekuya kuba yinto engathandekiyo, akunjalo?
• Ukubona okufipheleyo okanye okuphazamisekileyo: Izinto ebezikade zicacile zisenokubonakala zifiphele.
• Ukudinwa: Ngenxa yokuba amehlo engasebenzi kunye, iingxaki zokulinganisela zinokuvela kwaye zingavakala ngathi kukudeda.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokubonwa intshukumo yamehlo ekhawulezayo (i-nystagmus) engahambelaniyo necala elibona ngalo.

Kutheni i-INO isenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, i-IOP ibangelwa kukonakala kweMedial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF), i-nerve fiber tract elawula intshukumo yamehlo ethu. Le MLF ithwala imithambo-luvo elawula intshukumo yentloko namehlo ethu (kuquka ne-cranial nerve yesithathu, i-Oculomotor nerve). Ifana "nenkqubo yekhebula" entsonkothileyo emzimbeni wethu.

Abanye abantu baba ne-INO emva kwestroke eyonakalisa i-brainstem. I-brainstem yinxalenye yengqondo esezantsi edibanisa ingqondo yethu nomqolo (inkqubo yee-nerve fibers ehamba emqolo). Le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu ye-nervous central.

Izizathu ezimbalwa eziphambili:

Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphambili ezibangela `(INO)`:

• I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Esi sisifo esichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
• Istroke: Istroke ezichaphazela ngqo i-brainstem.
• Ukopha: Ukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo.
• Ukukhubazeka kwemithambo yegazi (AVM): Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwemithambo yegazi engqondweni.
• I-Encephalitis: Ukudumba kwengqondo okubangelwa zizifo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nesifo seLyme, usulelo lwe-HIV, kunye neHerpes Zoster (intsholongwane ebangela i-chickenpox kunye ne-shingles).
• Ukulimala Kwengqondo Okubuhlungu (i-TBI) kukwenzakala kwengqondo okubangelwa kukwenzakala okukhulu entloko .
• Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo emzimbeni: Izifo ezihlasela iiseli zomzimba, ezifana ne-lupus kunye ne-Sjögren's syndrome.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-INO?

Ugqirha uza kuchonga i-INO ngokuyintloko ngovavanyo lomzimba. Uza kujonga amehlo akho aze ajonge indlela ashukuma ngayo. Baza kukucela ukuba ujonge ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye, phezulu nasezantsi. Oku kuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba elinye iliso liyashukuma lingahambelani nelinye.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba unemeko efana nestroke okanye ukwenzakala entloko, le meko ingafunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo olwenziwe ngelo xesha.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo?

Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukwenza olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi scan zilandelayo ukuze abone ukuba kukho umonakalo kwindlela yemithambo-luvo ebizwa ngokuba yiMedial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF):

• Iskeni se-MRI (i-MRI - iMagnetic Resonance Imaging) .
• Iskeni ye-CT (iskeni ye-CT - Computed Tomography)

Ukuba ezi scan aziboneleli ngolwazi olucacileyo, ugqirha unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa usulelo okanye ezinye iingxaki ezinokuchaphazela ingqondo.
• Ukubethelwa koMgogodla/Ukubhaqwa kweLumbar: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli yolwelo olujikeleze ingqondo yakho kunye nomqolo (ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal). Oku kuluncedo kakhulu ekuchongeni izifo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-INO?

Unyango lwe-(INO) luxhomekeke kwisizathu. Ugqirha wakho uza kunyanga unobangela endaweni yokunyanga imeko ngokwayo.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba unobangela we-`(INO)` sistroke okanye isifo esifana ne-multiple sclerosis `(MS)`, kusenokufuneka unyango lwexesha elide - mhlawumbi ubomi bonke.

Ukuba i-`(INO)` ibangelwa lusulelo, imeko ye-`(INO)` idla ngokuphucuka xa usulelo lunyangiwe.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka, ugqirha wakho unokukunika inaliti ye-botulinum toxin ukuze uphumze izihlunu ezijikeleze amehlo akho. Oku kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukubona kabini (i-diplopia) kunye nokuxhuzula kwamehlo ngokungazikhetheliyo (i-nystagmus).

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba loluphi unyango olufunayo kunye noko unokukulindela kunyango.

Ngaba i-INO ingathintelwa?

Enyanisweni, kunzima ukuyithintela ngokupheleleyo le meko kuba izizathu (ezifana neengxamiseko, usulelo) ezibangela ukuba ivele ngequbuliso nangokungalindelekanga.

Kodwa ngokubanzi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunxiba izibuko zokukhusela kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela ezifanelekileyo xa usebenza ngezixhobo okanye usenza imisebenzi enokubangela ukwenzakala entloko okanye emehlweni. Oku kuya kunceda ngandlela ithile ekuthinteleni ukwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu, okuyenye yezizathu ze-INO.

Amehlo kufuneka ahlolwe nini?

Ngokujonga amehlo akho rhoqo kunye nombono wakho, ugqirha wakho wamehlo unokubona naziphi na iingxaki kwangethuba. Uvavanyo lwamehlo oluphindaphindwayo luyahluka ngokweminyaka yakho:

• Abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40: Rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5 okanye eli-10.
• Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-54 ubudala: Rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2 okanye emi-4.
• Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 ukuya kwengama-64 ubudala: Rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-1 ukuya kwemi-3. (Inqaku lokuqala lalinombhalo obhalwe phantsi njengo-55-54, kufuneka ulungiswe njengo-55-64)
• Abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu: Rhoqo ngonyaka okanye rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unemeko echaphazela indlela ingqondo yakho elawula ngayo amehlo akho, njengesifo seswekile, unokufuna ukuhlolwa amehlo akho rhoqo kunoko. Buza ugqirha wakho wamehlo ukuba kufuneka uhlolwe amehlo akho kangaphi.

Yintoni enokulindelwa ngumntu one-INO?

I-INO ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yingxaki yexeshana, kodwa abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ebomini babo bonke. Konke kuxhomekeke kwinto ebangele ukuba i-INO ivele kwasekuqaleni. I-INO inokuhlala ixesha elide kwiimeko ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis (MS) okanye izifo ezithile zokuzikhusela komzimba.

Abantu abafumana `(INO)` ngenxa yosulelo badla ngokuchacha emva kokuba usulelo luphelile, kwaye akukho miphumo yexesha elide.

Ukuba ukhe waba nestroke, ukopha kwegazi, okanye ukwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu, okanye ukuba une-multiple sclerosis (MS), kusenokwenzeka ukuba ube neempawu ezihlala ixesha elide. Indlela amehlo akho kunye nokubona kwakho okuchacha ngayo kuxhomekeke ekubeni igazi eliya engqondweni yakho nakwimithambo-luvo yakho linqanyulwe ixesha elingakanani.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufunde okungakumbi malunga nokuba ungalindela ntoni kunye nendlela yokulawula iimpawu zakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Bonana nogqirha kwangoko xa ubona naluphi na utshintsho emehlweni okanye embonweni wakho.

Kwakhona, ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo , yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukuba awukwazi ukuhambisa amehlo akho.
• Ukuba ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa kukubona (ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokungaphelelanga).
• Ukuba uneentlungu eziqatha emehlweni.
• Ukuba uqala ukubona ukukhanya okutsha okanye ukudada phambi kwamehlo akho.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungathandabuzi ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani le mpembelelo emehlweni am?
• Ngaba umbono wam uza kutshintsha ngonaphakade?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango endiludingayo?
• Kufuneka ndihlolwe amehlo kangaphi kwixesha elizayo?

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-INO kunye ne-Strabismus?

(INO) ibangelwa kukonakala kwendlela yemithambo-luvo ebizwa ngokuba yiMedial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF) kunye nemithambo-luvo elawula intshukumo yamehlo.

I-Strabismus ligama eliqhelekileyo lalo naliphi na imeko apho amehlo angenakukwazi ukugcinwa ejonge kwicala elinye. Ngokwesiqhelo, izihlunu ezintandathu ezilawula intshukumo yamehlo ethu zisebenza kunye ukujika omabini amehlo kwicala elinye. Abantu abane-strabismus banengxaki yokulawula intshukumo yamehlo ngenxa yemeko ethile echaphazela ezo zihlunu. Ngoko ke, i-strabismus yingxaki yemithambo-luvo, kwaye i-strabismus yimeko ebanzi, edla ngokuba yimisipha.

Yintoni i-Pseudo-INO? (Yintoni i-Pseudo-INO?)

`Pseudo-INO` (okuthetha "i-INO yobuxoki") ikwabonisa iimpawu ezifana ne-`(INO)`. Nangona kunjalo, yimeko eyahlukileyo echaphazela amehlo.

Eyona nto ibangela i-'Pseudo-INO' sisifo esibizwa ngokuba yiMyasthenia Gravis. Esi `(Myasthenia Gravis)` sibangela ubuthathaka bemisipha emzimbeni wonke. Ukuba obu buthathaka buchaphazela izihlunu ezijikeleze amehlo, usenokungakwazi ukulawula iintshukumo zamehlo. Ukuba ufumana ubuthathaka obutsha bemisipha, bona ugqirha.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

I-Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) yimeko echaphazela amandla amehlo akho okuhamba kakuhle kunye. Idla ngokubangelwa yimeko embi yempilo okanye ingozi. Nokuba yintoni na imbangela yeempawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe. Ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo ngeli xesha lohambo. Ngoncedo lwezonyango olukhawulezileyo kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, le meko inokulawulwa.

i- internuclear ophthalmoplegia, i-INO, intshukumo yamehlo, ukubona kabini, i-diplopia, istroke, imithambo-luvo yentloko