Xa ufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza, ingcinga ngonyango inokuba nzima kwaye yoyike, akunjalo? Ingcinga yokuya esibhedlele iintsuku, kwaneeveki, kunye nokunyangwa ngemisebe inokuba nzima. Ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yasekhaya, abantwana, kunye nomsebenzi kunokuba ngumceli mngeni. Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngendlela yanamhlanje eyenza le nkqubo yonyango ibe lula kwaye ikuvumela ukuba ugqibezele unyango lwemisebe ngaxeshanye notyando.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-IORT?
Igama elipheleleyo lale ndlela yonyango, elifinyeziweyo njenge-IORT, yi- Intraoperative Radiation Therapy . NgesiSinhala, lithetha "unyango lwe-radiation olunikwa ngexesha lotyando." Le yindlela ekhethekileyo yonyango lomhlaza.
Okwenzekayo apha kulula kakhulu. Xa utyando lomhlaza, ugqirha uqala ngokususa lonke ithumba emzimbeni wakho. Emva koko, ugqirha we-radiation oncologist uzisa imitha echanekileyo kakhulu, enedosi ephezulu kwindawo apho ithumba lisusiwe khona, apho iiseli zomhlaza zinokubuya khona. Oku kwenziwa ngexesha elinye.
Injongo ephambili yoku kukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezincinci kakhulu nezingabonakaliyo ezinokuthi zihlale kuloo ndawo emva kotyando, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wokubuyela komhlaza kwindawo enye (ukubuyela kwakhona kwendawo).
Nangona le ndlela isetyenziswa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza, okwangoku yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela kumhlaza webele.
Zeziphi iintlobo zomhlaza ezisetyenziselwa unyango lwe-IORT?
Oogqirha basebenzisa kakhulu unyango lwe-IORT kwezi meko zilandelayo zomhlaza:
- Umhlaza webele: Ingakumbi kumhlaza webele ofunyenwe usekwinqanaba lokuqala.
- Umhlaza wolusu: Kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza wolusu.
- Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu: Kwimihlaza enxulumene namathumbu amakhulu.
- Umhlaza wezifo zabasetyhini: Kumhlaza owenzeka kwiindawo ezifana nesibeleko kunye nomlomo wesibeleko.
- Umhlaza womqolo: Kwiintlobo ezithile zeethumba ezinomhlaza ezenzeka emgogodleni.
Ngubani olu nyango lufanelekileyo kuye?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Unyango lwe-IORT alufanelekanga kubo bonke abaguli abanomhlaza. Zininzi izinto eziya kuchaphazela ukuba olu nyango lukulungele na.
Umzekelo, ezinye iithumba zincinci kakhulu kwaye azisasazekanga kwizicwili ezingqongileyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, le ndlela inokuba yeyona ifanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ithumba likhulu kancinci, okanye lisasazeke kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane, unyango lwe-radiation lwendabuko lunokuba ngcono.
Isigqibo sokugqibela senziwa emva kokuqwalasela izinto ezininzi, ezifana nohlobo lomhlaza onawo, ubungakanani bethumba, ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke. Esi sigqibo senziwa ngugqirha wakho onyangayo kunye nogqirha we-radiation oncologist , ngokubonisana nawe. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ngale nto nogqirha wakho.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi konyango lwe-radiation oluqhelekileyo (i-EBRT) kunye ne-IORT?
Ukuba uyiqonda kakuhle umahluko phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini, uya kuyiqonda ngcono indlela i-IORT eyahlukileyo ngayo. Makhe sijonge oku kwitheyibhile.
| Uphawu | Unyango lwe-radiation oluqhelekileyo (EBRT) | Unyango lwemitha ngexesha lotyando (IORT) |
|---|---|---|
| Indlela unyango olunikwa ngayo | Umatshini omkhulu (i-linear accelerator) ongaphandle komzimba uqondisa imisebe yemitha emzimbeni. | Ngexesha lotyando, isixhobo esikhethekileyo (i-applicator) sifakwa kwindawo enye apho ithumba lisusiwe khona kwaye kuhanjiswa imitha. |
| Ithagethi | Imitha ikwachaphazela indawo apho umhlaza wawukhona kunye nezicubu eziphilileyo eziwujikelezileyo. | Imitha ithunyelwa ngqo kwindawo yethumba, kwaye umonakalo omncinci kwizicubu eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo (intliziyo, imiphunga, ulusu). |
| Ixesha lonyango | Kufuneka uze esibhedlele yonke imihla kangangeeveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ukuze ufumane unyango. | Lonke unyango lwemitha lugqitywa ngoko nangoko, kwimizuzu embalwa, ngexesha lotyando. |
| Idosi yokukhupha imisebe | Ukukhusela izicwili eziphilileyo, kunikwa idosi encinci yemitha yonke imihla. | Ngenxa yokuba ujoliso luchaneke kakhulu, idosi enamandla, ephezulu yemitha inokuhanjiswa ngaxeshanye. |
Ziziphi iingenelo eziphambili zonyango lwe-IORT?
Ukujonga le theyibhile, usenokuba nombono othile ngeenzuzo zayo. Masicacise loo nto kancinci.
- Ukuncipha kobuninzi bonyango: Le yeyona nzuzo inkulu. Khawuthelekelele indlela ekudinisayo ngayo ukuza esibhedlele yonke imihla kangangeeveki uze ulinde emigceni ukuze ufumane unyango. Nge-IORT, unyango lwe-radiation lugqitywa ngosuku olufanayo notyando. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungabuyela kubomi bakho besiqhelo kwangethuba. Oku kukushiya unexesha elingakumbi lokuchitha nosapho lwakho nokwenza umsebenzi wakho.
- Inciphisa umonakalo kwizicwili eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo: Ekubeni imitha ithunyelwa ngqo kwindawo yomhlaza, umngcipheko wemitha ifikelela kwizitho ezibuthathaka ezijikeleze yona, njengolusu, imiphunga, nentliziyo, uphantsi kakhulu.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinciphileyo: Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana notshintsho lolusu (ukutsha, ukuba bomvu) kunye nokudinwa okwenzeka ngexesha lonyango lwendabuko lwemitha ziyancipha kakhulu nge-IORT.
Lwenziwa njani unyango lwe-IORT?
Ngomhla wokwenziwa kwenkqubo, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia jikelele. Ngoko ke uza kube ulele kuyo yonke inkqubo. Inkqubo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Okokuqala, ugqirha wotyando uyayisusa ngokupheleleyo ithumba elinomhlaza.
2. Emva koko, isixhobo esikhethekileyo (`isixhobo`) esenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuhambisa imitha sifakwa kwindawo apho ithumba lisusiwe khona.
3. Ingcali yezonyango ngemitha inika idosi emiselweyo yemitha kwizicubu eziqulethe ithumba ngesixhobo, esilawulwa yikhompyutha.
4. Nje ukuba imitha ifike, isixhobo siyasuswa.
5. Ekugqibeleni, ugqirha otyandayo uthunga inxeba elivalekileyo.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Nangona iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinqabile emva konyango lwe-IORT, njengakuyo nayiphi na indlela yotyando, iingxaki zinokubakho. Ngoko ke, ziqaphele ezi mpawu xa ubuyela ekhaya emva konyango.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo ziqatha okanye ezingalindelekanga, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
- Ukopha kakhulu kwinxeba lotyando.
- Ulwelo olufana nobovu okanye ivumba elibi eliphuma kwindawo yenxeba.
- Umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda .
Ukuba ubona into efana nale, musa ukucinga ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo. Eyona nto ikhuselekileyo onokuyenza kukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- IORT lunyango lwemitha oluphezulu olunikwa ngexesha elinye ngexesha lotyando lomhlaza.
- Eyona nzuzo iphambili yoku kukuba lonke unyango lwemitha lunokwenziwa ngosuku olunye, ngaphandle kokuya esibhedlele kangangeeveki.
- Olu nyango alufanelekanga kubo bonke abaguli abanomhlaza. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kugqiba ukuba lukulungele na.
- Xa kuthelekiswa nonyango lwemitha yendabuko, i-IORT ibangela umonakalo omncinci kwizicwili eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo kwaye ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nemibuzo, uloyiko, okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo malunga neendlela zakho zonyango. Baza kukunceda ukhethe unyango olufanelekileyo nolukhuselekileyo kuwe.
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