Umele ukuba woyika kakhulu xa ugqirha ekuxelela ukuba umzimba womntwana wakho ujika ube tyheli kwaye isizathu kukubanjwa kwemisele yenyongo esibindini, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yiBiliary Atresia. Ngoku ugqirha mhlawumbi uthetha ngotyando olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Kasai'. Luyintoni kanye kanye olu tyando? Ngaba luya kulunga kumntwana? Umele ukuba unemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Ungakhathazeki. Masithethe ngalo ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Iyintoni iNkqubo yaseKasai?
Ngamafutshane, olu lutyando olukhethekileyo olwenziwayo ukunyanga imeko ebizwa ngokuba yiBiliary Atresia . Isibindi sethu sivelisa ulwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'bile'. Le bile yiyo enceda umzimba ukuba ucole amafutha kunye neevithamini ezithile ekutyeni esikutyayo kwaye uzifunxe. Kumntwana oneBiliary Atresia, imibhobho emincinci (i-bile ducts) ethwala i-bile ukusuka esibindini ukuya emathunjini iyavalwa okanye ayidalwanga xa ezalwa.
Ngoko ke kule nkqubo yaseKasai, ugqirha ususa le mibhobho yenyongo evalekileyo nengasebenzi kakuhle. Emva koko, bathabatha iqhekeza lethumbu elincinci lomntwana balidibanise ngqo nesibindi, bedala indlela entsha yokuba inyongo idlule kuyo. Kufana nokususa umbhobho ovalekileyo othintela amanzi ukuba angene aze afake omtsha.
Kutheni umntwana edinga olu tyando?
Khawucinge nje, kwenzeka ntoni xa inyongo evela esibindini ingenandlela yokuphuma? Yonke loo nyongo iqokelelana ngaphakathi esibindini. Le nyongo iqokeleleneyo iqala kancinci kancinci ukonakalisa iiseli zesibindi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, isibindi siyalimala, siqine, kwaye singakwazi ukusebenza. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi -cirrhosis .
Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-biliary atresia inokukhokelela ekungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Oku kusongela ubomi.
Olu tyando lwaseKasai luyayimisa okanye luyicothise isantya somonakalo wesibindi. Oku kunika ithuba elikhulu lokusindisa ubomi bomntwana.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nangexesha lotyando?
Ngaphambi kotyando, oogqirha baya kunika umntwana ulwelo lwe-IV ukuze luhlale lumanzi kwaye banike amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka.
Ngaphambi kokuba aqalise utyando, ugqirha kufuneka aqiniseke ngokupheleleyo ukuba umntwana une-Biliary Atresia. Oku kuquka ukwenza uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Cholangiogram' . Kule meko, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci esiswini somntwana, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci kwi-gallbladder, kwaye kufakwa iyeza elikhethekileyo elinokubonwa kwi-X-ray. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngokucacileyo ukuba i-bile duct ivaliwe okanye akunjalo.
Ukuba i-biliary atresia iqinisekisiwe, ugqirha uza kuqhubeka notyando. Inyongo yomntwana kunye nemibhobho yenyongo evalekileyo ziya kususwa, kwaye kuya kwenziwa unxibelelwano olutsha nesibindi kusetyenziswa icandelo lamathumbu amancinci (i-jejunum). Olu tyando lungathatha iiyure ezininzi.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, umntwana ugcinwa kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) kangangeentsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-10 kwaye unyanyekelwa ngononophelo.
- Isondlo: Akukho kutya kunikwa kwiintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa, ukuvumela amanxeba ukuba aphole. Isondlo esifunekayo sinikwa ngetyuwa. Emva koko, ubisi luqaliswa ngetyhubhu ye-nasogastric. Kancinci kancinci, ukutya ngomlomo kuyaqheliswa.
- Uqwalaselo: Oogqirha kunye nabongikazi bajonge umntwana ngokusondeleyo ukuze babone ukuba kukho na ukopha okanye ukuba kukho inyongo ephumayo. Indle yomntwana iya kuba tyheli okanye iluhlaza ukubonisa ukuba inyongo iqalile ukuphuma.
- Ukuya ekhaya: Uza kuvunyelwa ukuba uye ekhaya xa amanxeba eqala ukuphola, ukusebenza kwesibindi kuphucuka, kwaye umntwana ekwazi ukuncancisa kakuhle.
Iphumelele kangakanani imisebenzi yaseKasai?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Impumelelo yotyando ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:
- Ixesha: Olu tyando lunokwenzeka ukuba luphumelele ukuba umntwana uphakathi kweeveki ezi-6 neenyanga ezi-2 ubudala . Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uqaphela iimpawu.
- Imeko yesibindi: Ukuba umonakalo kwisibindi uncinci ngexesha lotyando, iziphumo zilungile.
- Iqela lezonyango: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba utyando lwenziwe ngugqirha onamava kunye neqela lezonyango elinamava kolu tyando.
Phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, olu tyando lunokunciphisa iimpawu, kuquka ne-jaundice, kwiintsana ezingaphezu kwama-60%. Oogqirha bacinga ukuba olu tyando luphumelele ukuba umntwana akaphinde abe ne-jaundice kwiinyanga ezi-6 emva kotyando.
Kuthekani ukuba utyando aluphumelelanga?
Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba emva kotyando lwaseKasai, imibhobho yenyongo isenokungaphumi kakuhle. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, umntwana uya kufuna ukufakelwa isibindi . Musa ukoyika oku. Enyanisweni, malunga nesiqingatha seentsana ezenza utyando lwaseKasai ziya kufuna ukufakelwa isibindi xa zineminyaka emi-2 ubudala. Utyando lwaseKasai luyindlela yokunceda ukugqiba ixesha de kufuneke ukufakelwa isibindi.
Unyamekela njani umntwana wakho emva kokumzisa ekhaya?
Kungathatha malunga neenyanga ezi-3-4 ukuba umntwana aphile ngokupheleleyo. Kufuneka uzilumkele ezi zinto xa unyamekela umntwana ekhaya.
- Nika iyeza ngokuchanekileyo:Sela amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane omlomo ukuthintela usulelo kunokufuneka anikwe iinyanga ezininzi. Amayeza okuphucula ukuhamba kwenyongo anokufuneka anikwe iminyaka.
- Nyamekela inxeba: Buza ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi ukuba akunike imiyalelo ethile malunga nendlela yokucoca inxeba kunye neebhandishi oza kuzisebenzisa.
- Ungaphoswa yikliniki: Qiniseka ukuba uya ekliniki kwiintsuku ezicwangcisiweyo emva kotyando. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ugqirha ahlale enolwazi malunga nenkqubo yokuchacha komntwana.
- Ukuncancisa kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ncancisa umntwana wakho. Amafutha akubisi lwebele afunxwa lula sisibindi. Ukuba ukuncancisa akunakwenzeka, sebenzisa ifomula ekhethekileyo ecetyiswa ngugqirha wakho.
- Hlala ucocekile: Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba umchukumise umntwana wakho. Kuphephe ukudibana nomntwana wakho ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane.
| Iimpawu zomngcipheko ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha ngoko nangoko | |
|---|---|
| Isilumkiso | Inkcazo |
| Ifiva | Umkhuhlane ongama-38 Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kungaba luphawu losulelo. |
| Ukwala ukutya | Ukuba umntwana akafuni ukusela ubisi ngokupheleleyo. |
| Utshintsho kwinxeba | Inxeba lotyando liyadumba, libe bomvu, okanye likhuphe ulwelo/ububomvu. |
| Intlungu yesisu | Ukukhala ngenxa yentlungu okanye ukudumba xa isisu somntwana sichukunyiswa. |
| Ukuphinda kwe-jaundice | Amhlophe emehlweni okanye kulusu lomntwana ajika abe mthubi kwakhona okanye abe mthubi ngakumbi. |
| Umbala wesihlalo | Indle enemibala engwevu okanye emdaka ithetha ukuba ukuhamba kwenyongo kuyekile. |
| Ukopha | Igazi elisesitulweni okanye elihlanzayo. |
| Ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye umse umntwana wakho kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane. | |
Ndiyaqonda indlela omele ukuba wothukile, udakumbile, kwaye woyika ngayo xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho kufuneka adlule kwinto efana nale. Xa yonke into yenzeka ngokukhawuleza kangaka, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuyidinga uncedo. Cela uncedo kusapho lwakho, abahlobo, kunye nabantu obathandayo. Khumbula, awuwedwa kolu hambo. Zicingele nawe kolu hambo. Yiba nethemba, hlala unolwazi, kwaye ufune inkxaso kwabo bakungqongileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Inkqubo yaseKasai yeyona nkqubo iphambili yotyando lwe-biliary atresia, isifo sesibindi esenzeka kwiintsana.
- Oku kuquka ukususa umbhobho wenyongo ovalekileyo nokusebenzisa icandelo lamathumbu ukudala indlela entsha yokuhamba kwenyongo.
- Okukhona utyando lwenziwa ngokukhawuleza (ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe neenyanga ezimbini ubudala), kokukhona amathuba okuphumelela esanda.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela umntwana wakho ekhaya emva kotyando. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo.
- Ukuba utyando aluphumelelanga, kusenokufuneka ukuba kufakwe isibindi, nto leyo ekwayinxalenye yenkqubo yonyango lwesi sifo.
- Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu eziyingozi ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukungavumi ukutya, ukuphinda ube ne-jaundice, okanye indle emhlophe, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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