Xa umntwana wakho eziva exhalabile okanye edakumbile, ungaziva ukhululekile xa umsa kugqirha aze amnike amayeza. Kuqhelekile ukucinga, "Kulungile, ngoku umntwana wam uza kuziva ebhetele." Nangona kunjalo, kukho amayeza ekufuneka siwaqaphele, ingakumbi xa kufikwa kwiingxaki zempilo yengqondo yabantwana. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngaloo nto. Le yingongoma ebucayi, kodwa njengabazali, olu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu kuthi.
Yintoni kanye kanye le ngozi?
Eli bali liqala ngesiganeko esenzeka eMelika ngo-2004. Inkwenkwe eneminyaka eli-13 ubudala egama linguMatt izibulele. Uyise kamva wathi kwintlanganiso ye-FDA (US Food and Drug Administration), "Unyana wam usweleke emva kokunikwa iyeza esingazange silive, ngenxa yemeko ugqirha angazange azi nokuba ikhona." UMatt wayenikwe iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-'Zoloft', elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo. Ugqirha wayethe iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kuphela kukungalali kakuhle kunye nesisu esibuhlungu.
Njengoko kubikwa iziganeko ezininzi ezinje, i-FDA yaqala ukuphanda nzulu ngalo mba. Oko bakufumanisileyo kwakhwankqisa ihlabathi liphela.
Oko kukuthi, kukho umngcipheko omncinci kodwa obalulekileyo wokuba amanye amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo, ingakumbi ebantwaneni nakubantu abancinci, anokwenza uxinzelelo lwabo lube lubi ngakumbi kwaye akhokelele kwiingcinga zokuzibulala, ingakumbi xa beqala ukuwasebenzisa.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ii-arhente ezilawula iziyobisi eMelika naseBritane ziye zayalela ukuba la mayeza aquke isilumkiso esithi "ibhokisi emnyama", isilumkiso malunga nomngcipheko omkhulu kakhulu, kwiphakheji yawo.
Zithini ezi SSRI medicines?
Le ngozi idla ngokuxoxwa ngayo nodidi lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-'SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)'. Ngamafutshane, ubuchopho bethu bune-chemical messenger ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Serotonin'. Yile nto ilawula ulonwabo lwethu, ubuthongo, kunye nomdla wokutya. Umntu onesifo soxinzelelo unokuba namanqanaba aphantsi ale 'Serotonin'. Oko kwenziwa ngamayeza e-SSRI kukunceda ingqondo isebenzise i-'Serotonin' enayo ngokufanelekileyo.
Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu eSri Lanka akweli candelo ngala:
- I-Fluoxetine (eyaziwa ngegama lebrendi iProzac)
- I-Sertraline (eyaziwa ngegama lophawu iZoloft)
- I-Citalopram (eyaziwa ngegama lophawu iCelexa)
- I-Escitalopram (eyaziwa ngegama lebrendi iLexapro)
- I-Paroxetine (eyaziwa ngegama lophawu lwePaxil)
Okubalulekileyo kukuba, le ngozi ayipheleli kwi-SSRI kuphela. Esi silumkiso ngoku sisebenza kuninzi lweziyobisi ezithintela uxinzelelo .
Ziziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele njengomzali?
Ukuba umntwana wakho uqala ukusebenzisa olu hlobo lwamayeza, kubalulekile ukuba ulumke kakhulu , ingakumbi kwiiveki zokuqala neenyanga ezimbalwa . Olu qwalaselo lubalulekile nanini na xa ugqirha etshintsha umthamo.
| Utshintsho ekufuneka uluqaphele | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukuthetha ngokuzibulala | Ukuba uthi izinto ezinje ngokuthi “Ndingathi ndiyafa,” “Obu bomi abunantsingiselo,” okanye ukuba ufuna iindlela zokuzilimaza. |
| Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela yokuziphatha | Ukungahlaliseki kunangaphambili, ukuhambahamba rhoqo, nokwenza izinto ngokungakhathali nangokuyingozi. |
| Umsindo okanye ixhala elinzulu | Ukuba ucaphuka ngokukhawuleza kunangaphambili, uhlala usoyika, okanye uhlaselwa luloyiko (ukuqala koloyiko ngequbuliso). |
| Iingxaki zokulala | Ukungalali okanye ukulala kakhulu. |
| Ukwanda koxinzelelo | Ukuba iimvakalelo zomntwana wakho zosizi, ixhala, kunye nokuba wedwa zibonakala ngathi zinyukile emva kokuba eqalise amayeza. |
| Wenza ntoni xa ubona into efana nale? | |
| Fowunela ugqirha womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko. Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba umntwana wakho usemngciphekweni wokuzenzakalisa, mse kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.Ungaze umshiye yedwa umntwana wakho. | |
Lumka nangesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder.
Abanye abantwana abanalo uxinezeleko oluqhelekileyo, kodwa yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Bipolar Disorder' (eyayisakuba yi-'Manic Depression'). Kule meko, kukho utshintsho kwiimeko zokuxhalaba kakhulu (uxinzelelo) kunye nokusebenza kakhulu (mania). Ukuba umntu kusapho unesi sifo, umntwana naye usemngciphekweni omkhulu. Ukuba umntwana one-'Bipolar Disorder' unikwa amayeza oxinzelelo kuphela, oku kunokwenza imeko ye-'mania' ibe mandundu kwaye kwandise umngcipheko wokuzibulala. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunika ugqirha inkcazo epheleleyo yezifo zosapho.
Ngoko ke ngaba akulunganga ukunika eli yeza?
Into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha kukuba la mayeza asindise ubomi bezigidi zabantu . Abantu abaninzi abanesifo soxinzelelo olukhulu bafumana isiqabu esikhulu kuwo. Ingxaki kukuba xa la mayeza enikwa abantwana kunye nabantu abancinci, iingenelo kunye neengozi kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngononophelo.
Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba iingcinga zokuzibulala ezikhulayo azibangelwanga liyeza ngokwalo, kodwa zibangelwa bubunzulu bokudandatheka. Kukwakho nobungqina bokuba umngcipheko uyanda kwizigaba zokuqala zonyango lwengqondo.
Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho nezityholo zokuba iinkampani zamayeza bezithengisa eli yeza ngokufihla iziphumo zophando ezingalunganga kwaye zikhupha iziphumo ezilungileyo kuphela. Yiyo loo nto, njengabazali, kufuneka sikuqaphele oku kwaye sibuze imibuzo.
Ngaba amayeza kuphela kwesisombululo?
Hayi. Iziphumo ezilungileyo zifumaneka ngokubonelela ngengcebiso okanye unyango lwengqondo kunye namayeza.
I-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) iyasebenza kakhulu. Ichonga iindlela zokucinga ezingalunganga zomntwana, izitshintshe, kwaye imfundise indlela yokujongana neengxaki.
Uphononongo oludumileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-TADS (Unyango lwabakwishumi elivisayo abanesifo soxinzelelo) lufumanise ukuba iziphumo ezilungileyo zifunyenwe xa zombini iProzac kunye neCBT zinikwa kunye. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olufanayo lubonise ukuba iProzac yodwa yayisebenza ngakumbi kuneCBT yodwa.
Ingxaki kukuba, kwanaseSri Lanka, kunzima ukufumana iingcali eziqeqeshiweyo ezinokunika unyango lwe-'CBT' ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ungabuza ugqirha womntwana wakho ngale nto uze umcele ukuba akuthumelele kumntu ofanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Shiya isigqibo samayeza kugqirha:Isigqibo sokuba umntwana uyayidinga na iyeza lokudakumba, kunye nokuba loluphi unyango aza kulunika, kufuneka senziwe ngugqirha ofanelekileyo. Xoxa ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onazo nogqirha wakho.
- Inyanga yokuqala ibaluleke kakhulu: Nika ingqalelo kwindlela umntwana wakho aziphethe ngayo kwiiveki zokuqala neenyanga emva kokuba eqalise amayeza. Xela ugqirha wakho naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga ngoko nangoko.
- Musa ukuyeka amayeza ngequbuliso: Ungaze uyeke ukunika amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Ukwenza njalo kunokuyenza mandundu imeko yomntwana.
- Iingozi neenzuzo: Njengakweminye imithi, kukho iingozi neenzuzo. Iingozi zokuba noxinzelelo ngaphandle konyango zihlala zingaphezulu kakhulu kweengozi zonyango.
- Awuwedwa: Kunzima ukujongana nengxaki yempilo yengqondo yomntwana. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, funa inkxaso yoncedo lwengqondo. Impilo yakho yengqondo ibaluleke kakhulu kumntwana wakho.
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