Kutheni abanye abantu bedinga iiglasi? Iingxaki zokubona kunye nezisombululo (Iiglasi kunye neeLensi zoQhagamshelo)

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kutheni umhlobo wakho edinga iiglasi ngelixa wena ungazidingi? Okanye kutheni abanye abantu bedinga iiglasi ukuze bafunde incwadi, ngelixa abanye bedinga iiglasi ukuze babone kude? Amehlo ethu akhethekile ngokwenene, ahlukile komnye nomnye. Ngamanye amaxesha xa iindawo ezincinci ngaphakathi kweliso zingasebenzisani kakuhle apho singenakubona ngokucacileyo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kukho iiglasi kunye neelensi zokunxibelelana ukunceda koku. Masithethe ngokunzulu ngale nto namhlanje, akunjalo?

Amehlo ethu asebenza njani? Kuyamangalisa, akunjalo?

Cinga ngeliso lakho njengekhamera encinci nentsonkothileyo. Ukukhanya yinto efunekayo kule khamera ukuze yenze "umfanekiso." Kukho iindawo ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi kweliso ezinceda ekwenzeni lo msebenzi.

• I-Cornea: Le yinxalenye yeliso ecacileyo, efana newotshi. Xa ukukhanya kungena elisweni, kuqala kugotywe, okanye kujikeleziswe, kuze kuqondiswe elisweni yi-cornea. Ngokuchanekileyo, inkqubo yokugxila, okanye ukugxila, ukukhanya okungena elisweni kuqala apha.
• I-Iris: Nokuba amehlo akho aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amdaka, angwevu, okanye amnyama kuxhomekeke kwi-pigment ekule "Iris". Le yinxalenye yemisipha.
• Umfundi: Le yingqokelela encinci emnyama embindini we-`(Iris)`. Le yingqokelela eneneni. Ifana ne-`(aperture)` yekhamera. Xa kukho ukukhanya okuninzi, le `(Pupil)` iba ncinci, kwaye xa kukho ukukhanya okuncinci (ebumnyameni), iba nkulu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukulawula ubungakanani bokukhanya okungena elisweni.
• Ilensi: Le yinxalenye ecacileyo emva kwe-`(Umfundi)`, njengeqhekeza elincinci leglasi. Emva kwe-`(Cornea)`, i-`(Lensi)` igxila ngakumbi ukukhanya ize ikwenze kuwele ngqo kwi-`(Retina)`. Okukhethekileyo ngale `(Lensi)` kukuba inokutshintsha imo yayo (yenziwa zizihlunu ezincinci) kwaye ikuncede ubone izinto ezikufutshane kunye nezinto ezikude ngokucacileyo.
• I-Retina: Le yilaphu elinokukhanya okubonakalayo ngasemva kweliso. Ifana ne-`(sensor)` kwikhamera okanye i-`(film roll)` kwiikhamera ezindala. Xa ukukhanya okuqokelelwa yi-`(Cornea)` kunye ne-`(Lens)` kuwa kule `(Retina)`, umfanekiso wenziwa apho. Le `(Retina)` iqulethe izigidi zeeseli ezikhethekileyo (`(iiseli zePhotoreceptor)`) ezivakalelwa kukukhanya nombala. Ezi seli ziguqula ukukhanya kube ziimpawu zombane.

Emva koko, ezi mpawu zombane zihamba nge -optic nerve ziye engqondweni. Ingqondo ihlalutya ezi mpawu ize isixelele, "Lo ngumfanekiso owubonayo." Kuyamangalisa okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kweli liso lincinci!

Kutheni umbono womntu wonke ungalingani? Zithini ezi ngxaki zokubona?

Njengeminwe yethu, amehlo omntu wonke ahlukile kancinci. Oko kuthetha ukuba izinto ezifana nobude beliso, ukugoba kwe-`(Cornea)`, kunye nokuma kwe-`(Lens)` zinokuhluka kumntu nomntu. Olu mahluko yimbangela yokuba abanye abantu bafune iiglasi kwaye abanye abazidingi. Ukuba ukukhanya akujoliswanga ngqo kwi-`(Retina)`, umbono uba mfiliba. Ezi mpazamo sizibiza ngokuba zezo zingalunganga . Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili zeempazamo ezingalunganga esizibonayo.

1. I-Myopia okanye i-Nearboneness

Kulapho izinto ezikufutshane nawe zingabonakala ngokucacileyo, kodwa izinto ezikude azicacanga. Kufana nokubukela iTV ukude kwaye umbhalo awucaci. Imizekelo ibandakanya abantwana abangakwaziyo ukubona okubhalwe ebhodini eklasini, okanye abantu abangakwaziyo ukufunda uphawu lwebhasi bekude.

• Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Ngamafutshane, nokuba iliso lakho lide kakhulu, okanye "i-Cornea" okanye "i-Lens" yakho inamandla amakhulu okugxila. Emva koko ukukhanya okungena elisweni akujoliswanga ngqo kwi "Retina", kodwa kuphambi kwayo kancinci.
• Iiglasi zikulungisa njani oku? Abantu abane-`(Myopia)` banikwa iiglasi ezineelensi ezigobileyo (iilensi ezigobileyo / iilensi zamandla ze-Minus) . Ezi lensi ziyawutshintsha umbala kancinci, nto leyo ebangela ukuba uwele ngqo kwi-`(Retina)`.

2. Ukungaboni kakuhle okanye ukubona kude

Kule ngxaki , nangona izinto ezikude zinokubonakala ngokucacileyo, izinto ezikufutshane, ingakumbi xa kufundwa iincwadi, njokujonga ifowuni, okanye ukuthunga, zibonakala zingacacanga. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa uzama ukubona kufutshane, amehlo anokudinwa (`(uxinzelelo lwamehlo)`) kwaye intloko inokubakho. Xa abantwana abancinci benesifo se-`(Hyperopia)`, ngamanye amaxesha banokuba nemeko apho amehlo ajonga ngaphakathi (`(amehlo anqamlezileyo)` / `(Esotropia)`).

• Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Oku kuchasene ne-`(Myopia)`. Nokuba iliso lakho lifutshane kakhulu, okanye i-`(Cornea)` okanye i-`(Lens)` yakho ayinawo amandla aneleyo okugxila. Emva koko ukukhanya kuzama ukugxila ngasemva kwe-`(Retina)` (ukuchaneka, i-`(Lens)` kufuneka isebenze nzima ukugxila ngaphezu kwe-`(Retina)`).
• Ungayilungisa njani le nto ngeeglasi? Abantu abane-`(Hyperopia)` banikwa iiglasi ezineelensi ezijijekileyo (iilensi ezijijekileyo / iilensi zamandla ze-Plus) . Ezi lensi zidibanisa ukukhanya (zidibanise) zize zikuzise kwi-`(Retina)`.

3. Ukungabi nazintloni

Olu luhlobo lobuthathaka olwahlukileyo kancinci. Apha , izinto ezikufutshane nezikude zinokubonakala zingabonakali, ngamanye amaxesha zinwebekile, kwaye zibonakale njengezithunzi. Xa uqhuba ebusuku, unokubona neenkwenkwezi ezijikeleze izibane. I-Astigmatism inokubakho, kunye ne-Myopia okanye i-Hypereopia.

• Kutheni oku kusenzeka?Ngokwesiqhelo, i-`(Cornea)` kunye ne-`(Lens)` yeliso eliphilileyo zingqukuva, zigobile ngendlela efanayo macala onke, njengomphezulu webhola engqukuva. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abane-`(Astigmatism), i-`(Cornea)` (idla ngokuba yi-`(Cornea)`) kunye ne-`(Lens)` zimile okweqanda/ibhola ekhatywayo, zigobile ngakumbi kwelinye icala kwaye zigobile kancinci kwelinye. Emva koko, ukukhanya okuvela kwicala ngalinye kujoliswa ngokwahlukileyo, kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Yiyo loo nto umfanekiso ubonakala ungacacanga kwaye woluliwe.
• Iiglasi zilungisa njani oku? Zisebenzisa iilensi ezimile ngendlela ekhethekileyo, ezisilinda . Ezi zilungisa ukugoba okungalinganiyo kwaye zikhanyise ukukhanya kwindawo enye, zibonelela ngombono ocacileyo.

4. Ukubona kufutshane (iPresbyopia)

Esi asisosifo, kodwa lutshintsho lwendalo oluvela xa abantu bekhula. Ludla ngokuvela kubantu abaninzi abaneminyaka engama-40-45 ubudala. Kwanabo babenamehlo amahle ngaphambili bakufumanisa kunzima ukufunda umbhalo omncinci okanye ukwenza imisebenzi ekufutshane, efana nokufaka intambo kwinaliti. Yiyo loo nto abantu abanjalo besolula iingalo zabo kancinci xa befunda amaphephandaba okanye bejonga iifowuni zabo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha bathi baziva ngathi "izandla ziyadinwa."

• Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Njengoko sikhula, i-`(Lens)` engaphakathi kwamehlo ethu ilahlekelwa kancinci kancinci bukuguquguquka kwayo, oko kukuthi, amandla ayo okutshintsha imo ngokulula. Xa sisebancinci, le `(Lens)` iba yi-convex kwaye igxile lula xa sijonga kufutshane. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko sikhula, olu buchule luyancipha, ngoko ke xa kufuneka sijonge kufutshane, i-`(Lens)` ayikwazi ukugxila ngokufanelekileyo.
• Sithini isisombululo? Ungasebenzisa neeglasi zokufunda nakweli candelo, okanye iilensi ezimbini okanye iilensi eziqhubekekayo ezikuvumela ukuba ubone kude nakufutshane ngeeglasi ezifanayo.

Kutheni kubaluleke kangaka ukujonga amehlo akho?

Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho – oko kukuthi, awukwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo njengoko ubusoloko ubona, uneentloko ezibuhlungu rhoqo, amehlo akho azive ediniwe – okanye nokuba akukho nto imbi , kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlolwe amehlo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Njengabazali, sifanele sikhathazeke ngokukodwa ngombono wabantwana bethu. Kuba basenokungatsho ukuba abakwazi ukubona. Kwakhona, abantu abanezifo ezifana ne-`(Diabetes Mellitus)` (Diabetes) banokuba neengxaki zamehlo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe amehlo rhoqo.

Yintoni edla ngokwenziwa ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwamehlo?

• Uvavanyo lokubona ngamehlo: Oku kukufunda kwitshathi yeSnellen ngeliso ngalinye. Kulinganisa ukuba ubona ngokucacileyo kangakanani kwaye umgama ongakanani.
• Uvavanyo lokuGqibela: Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba uneMyopia, iHyperopia, okanye iAstigmatism, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, zeziphi iilensi zamandla ozifunayo. Usenokuba ukhe wayibona imatshini ebizwa ngokuba yiPhoropter evavanya umbono wakho ngokufaka iilensi nganye nganye.
• Ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo (iTonometry):Uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kweliso luyalinganiswa. Oku kubalulekile ukuze kufunyanwe isifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Glaucoma".
• Uvavanyo Lwamehlo Oluvulelekileyo: Ngamanye amaxesha, umfundi uyavuleka ngokufaka amaconsi emehlweni, kwaye iindawo ezingaphakathi kweliso, ezifana ne-retina kunye ne-optic nerve, zihlolwa ngezixhobo ezikhethekileyo (i-ophthalmoscope kunye nesibane esiqhekekileyo).

Ufuna ukubonisa bani?

Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha wamehlo uhlola amehlo aze anike iiglasi. Ngabo baxilonga ezi mpazamo zokuchasana nokukhanya kwaye bacebise iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana ezizilungisayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufuna ukubona ugqirha wamehlo (umz., iGlaucoma, iCataract, iRetinal detachment) ukuze ufumane uhlolo olunzulu, unyango, okanye utyando, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wamehlo . Ugqirha wamehlo unokukuthumela kwingcali yamehlo ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ngaba iiglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano zingcono?

Ngoku, ukuba ugqirha uthi udinga iiglasi, umbuzo olandelayo ngulo, 'Ngaba ndifanele ndinxibe iiglasi okanye `(iiLensi zoQhagamshelwano)?' Esi sisigqibo somntu siqu. Kukho izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga kuzo zombini ezi zinto.

Iiglasi (Iiglasi zamehlo):

• Iingenelo:
• Kulula kakhulu ukuyinxiba nokuyikhulula. Akukho qeqesho lukhethekileyo lufunekayo.
• Ekubeni iliso lingachukunyiswa ngqo, umngcipheko wokosuleleka uphantsi kakhulu.
• Ulondolozo oluphantsi. Akukho ``izisombululo`` ezikhethekileyo ezifunekayo, sula nje uze uzigcine zicocekile.
• Ungakhetha phakathi kwemibala eyahlukeneyo `(isitayile)`, `(ifreyimu)`, kunye nemibala. Yongeza into entsha kwinkangeleko yakho.
• Ilungele abo banamehlo omileyo kunye ne-allergies.
• Iingxaki:
• Kunokuba nzima ukwenza imidlalo ethile okanye umthambo, kwaye unokutyibilika uze uwe.
• Ngexesha lemvula, inkungu ingenzeka xa usuka kwindawo efudumeleyo uye kwindawo ebandayo.
• Abanye abantu banokuziva ubunzima ebusweni babo kunye neqhuma kumacala omabini empumlo yabo.
• Umbono ongaphandle kwesakhiwo usenokuthintelwa kancinci yifreyimu.
• Abanye abantu banokuziva bengakhululekanga kancinci ngenkangeleko yabo.

Iilensi zokujonga:

• Iingenelo:
• Ayibonakali njengesipili ebusweni, inika inkangeleko yendalo.
• Ilungele kakhulu abo badlala imidlalo kwaye baphila ubomi obuxakekileyo. Akukho mqobo xa ubaleka okanye utsiba.
• Akukho nto ithintela ukubona ecaleni. Indawo yokubona igqityiwe.
• Kwezinye iimeko, ezifana ne-Myopia egqithisileyo, kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwe-cornea njenge-Keratoconus, iiglasi zinokubonelela ngokubona okungcono nokucacileyo.
• Akukho ngxaki yemvula okanye inkungu.
• Iingxaki:
• Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngococeko. Ukuba awuzicoci kakuhle iilensi zakho, ukuba awuzikhuphi ngelixa ulele, kwaye ukuba awuzisebenzisi njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele, unokufumana usulelo olukhulu lwamehlo (`(usulelo olukhulu lwamehlo)`) kunye nezilonda ze-cornea. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!
• Kuthatha ixesha ukuqhela ukuyifaka nokuyikhulula, kufuna ukuziqhelanisa.
• Abantu abanamehlo omileyo banokufumana ukungakhululeki, ukuba bomvu, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa.
• Zingabiza kakhulu kuneeglasi (ngenxa yexabiso leelensi kunye nesisombululo ekufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo).
• Kufuneka uzisuse ngaphambi kokuba ulale (nangona kukho iintlobo ezithile ezikhethekileyo ze "lensi zokunxiba ezinde", kodwa nezo zicetyiswa ngugqirha kuphela).

Ungayinyamekela njani iiglasi kunye neelensi zoqhagamshelwano?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela ezi zixhobo zimbini ezikunceda ukugcina umbono wakho ucacile, kungenjalo awuyi kukwazi ukuxhamla kuzo ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye `(Iilensi zoQhagamshelwano)` zinokonakalisa namehlo akho.

Ukuba iiglasi zezi:

• Xa ingasetyenziswa, yigcine kwindawo elungiselelwe yona. Ngale ndlela, ayinakwenzeka ukuba ikrweleke okanye yaphuke.
• Coca kuphela ngelaphu elithambileyo (ilaphu le-microfiber) kunye nesisombululo esikhethekileyo sokucoca ilensi. Musa ukucoca ngekona yehempe, i-sari, okanye i-tissue, njengoko ezi zinto zinokukrwela iilensi.
• Xa ubeka isibuko etafileni, musa ukusibeka iilensi zijonge ezantsi, kuba zinokukrweleka.
• Musa ukucoca ifreyimu okanye iilensi zeeglasi zakho ngeesepha okanye izinyibilikisi ezibukhali.

Iilensi zoQhagamshelwano (khumbula oku!)

Ungaze uchukumise, ufake, okanye ususe "iiLensi zakho zoQhagamshelo" ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi uze uzomise ngetawuli ecocekileyo! Lo ngumthetho ophambili.

• Kuphela hlamba, ubulale iintsholongwane, kwaye ugcine iilensi zakho ngesicombululo sokubulala iintsholongwane esicetyiswa ngugqirha wakho okanye ngugqirha wamehlo. Ungaze ucwilise, uhlambe, okanye ufake iilensi zakho zoqhagamshelwano emanzini epompo, emanzini asebhotileni, kumathe, okanye kwisisombululo setyuwa esenziwe ekhaya. Ezi zinokuba neentsholongwane ezinokubangela usulelo olukhulu.
• Gcina i-'Contact Lens Case' yakho icocekile ngokususa i-'(isisombululo)' oyisebenzisa yonke imihla, uyihlambe nge-'(isisombululo) esitsha, uyibeke emoyeni kwaye uyivumele yome. Buyisela i-'(ityala)' ubuncinane kanye kwiinyanga ezintathu.
• Qiniseka ukuba uyazisusa iilensi zakho zokunxibelelana ngaphambi kokuba ulale, uhlambe, okanye uqubhe (echibini okanye elwandle).
• Musa ukusebenzisa `(ilensi)` efanayo ixesha elingaphezulu kwexesha elimiselwe ngugqirha wakho (umz., `(ilensi elahlwayo)` yemihla ngemihla yeyosuku, `(ilensi)` yenyanga yenyanga). Musa ukusebenzisa `(ilensi)` ephelelwe lixesha.
• Ukuba amehlo akho aba bomvu, ayarhawuzelela, abuhlungu, afiphele, okanye aphuma ulwelo, susa iilensi zakho zoqhagamshelwano ngoko nangoko uze ubone ugqirha. Musa ukuzibuyisela elangeni de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba wenze njalo.
• Musa ukwabelana ngee-contact lenses zakho nabani na, kwaye unganxibi ii-contact lenses zomnye umntu.

Ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale, ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha! (Iiflegi ezibomvu)

Ngamanye amaxesha utshintsho oluncinci emehlweni lunokuba luphawu lwengxaki enkulu. Ngoko ke lumka kakhulu ngento oyixelelwayo, kuba unyango lwangethuba ngamanye amaxesha lunokuthintela ukulahleka kombono.

• Ukuba ngequbuliso ubona umbono onciphileyo okanye ofipheleyo (kwiliso elinye okanye omabini).
• Ukuba uneentlungu eziqatha emehlweni .
• Ukuba amehlo akho abonakala eluhlaza kakhulu ukuba angajonga ukukhanya okanye ukuba amehlo akho awakwazi ukunyamezela ukukhanya (`(uvakalelo lokukhanya)`).
• Ukuba amehlo abomvu, avuvukile, ahlala ekrazukile, okanye aphuma ubovu.
• Ukuba ngequbuliso ubona amachaphaza amnyama, iintambo, okanye iintambo zesigcawu zidada phambi kwamehlo akho, okanye ukuba ubona ukukhanya okukhanyayo.
• Ukuba ubona izinto ezimbini (`(umbono ophindwe kabini)`) kwaye ziqala ngequbuliso.
• Ukuba inxalenye yentsimi ebonakalayo ibonakala ilahlekile (ngokungathi ikhethini liwile).

Ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale , bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa okanye uzame amayeza asekhaya.

Ngoko ke, nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya):

Ngoko ke, sithethe kakhulu ngamehlo, iiglasi, kunye ne-'(Contact Lenses)' namhlanje, akunjalo? Ukushwankathela konke oku, nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Amehlo omntu wonke ahlukile, ngoko ke kuqhelekile ukuba abanye abantu bafune iiglasi, kwaye akukho nto inokuba neentloni ngayo.
• Ukuba ubona notshintsho oluncinci ekuboneni kwakho, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha kwaye uhlolwe amehlo akho. Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba, kulula ukunyanga kwaye unokukhusela umbono wakho.
• Gqiba ekubeni uza kunxiba iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana ngokusekelwe kwindlela ophila ngayo, izinto ozikhethayo, iimfuno zakho, kunye neengcebiso zikagqirha wakho.
• Ukuba unxiba iilensi zokunxibelelana, qiniseka ukuba uzigcina zicocekile. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwamehlo akho! Ungaze ukuthathe lula.
• Amehlo zizinto ezixabisekileyo nezinobuthathaka. Ngoko ke zikhathalele kakuhle! Izinto ezifana nokutya okufanelekileyo, ukulala ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokuthatha ikhefu kwiiskrini zekhompyutha nazo zibalulekile kwimpilo yamehlo.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha.

Iiglasi zamehlo, iiLensi zoQhagamshelo, Ukuphazamiseka kokubona, iMyopia, iHyperopia, iAstigmatism, iPresbyopia, uVavanyo lwamehlo, Impilo yamehlo, Iimpazamo zokuKhangela