Ngaba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninengxaki yokusebenzisa nokuqonda ulwimi ngokuchanekileyo? Funda ngeengxaki zolwimi

Ngaba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninengxaki yokusebenzisa ulwimi, oko kukuthi, ukuchaza iingcinga zenu ngamazwi, okanye ukuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye? Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana omncinci uyakhala kuba engakwazi ukuveza into ayifunayo, okanye engakwazi ukuqonda nezinto ezilula esizithethayo. Unobangela wezinto ezinjalo unokuba yingxaki yolwimi . Oku akoyikisi njengoko unokucinga, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi.

Yintoni i-Language Disorder? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, ukungakwazi ukuthetha kakuhle kukwenza kube nzima kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho ukusebenzisa nokuqonda ulwimi ngokuchanekileyo. Abanye abantu banengxaki yokuveza iingcinga neemvakalelo zabo ngamazwi. Abanye banengxaki yokuqonda intsingiselo yoko kuthethwa ngabanye.

Le meko inokuba yinto yokuzalwa (ekhoyo ekuzalweni) okanye efunyenwe (efumaneka) ebomini . Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ebuntwaneni. Nangona kunjalo, inokukhula kamva ebomini, ngenxa yokwenzakala kwengqondo okanye enye imeko yezonyango echaphazela ubuchule bokusebenzisa ulwimi.

Ukuphazamiseka kolwimi kudla ngokuba yimeko yobomi bonke, kodwa unyango lokuthetha lunokuba luncedo olukhulu ekuphuculeni izakhono zolwimi.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Iingcali zithi malunga nomntwana omnye kwabangama-20 eMelika uneengxaki ezithile zolwimi. Oku kuquka abantwana abanezinye iimeko ezichaphazela ubuchule babo bokusebenzisa ulwimi, njenge- autism spectrum disorder okanye ukulahleka kokuva . Kukho abantwana abaninzi abanezi meko eSri Lanka, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthetha ngale nto.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kolwimi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nesizathu. Ngokubanzi, iimpawu eziphambili ziingxaki zokusebenzisa nokuqonda ulwimi.

Iingxaki ekusebenziseni ulwimi

Khangela ezi zinto xa umntwana wakho esebenzisa ulwimi:

• Kunzima ukufumana amagama afanelekileyo: Ndivakalelwa kukuba andikhumbuli amagama afanelekileyo okuthetha into endifuna ukuyithetha.
• Ukungabi namagama afanelekileyo ngokweminyaka: Akakwazi amagama afanayo nabanye abantwana abaneminyaka efanayo.
• Baqamba amagama amatsha baze bawathethe: Basebenzisa amagama abawaqondayo kodwa abanye abawaqondi.
• Ukutsiba amagama okanye amaxesha ezenzi adidayo: "Ndiyagoduka" endaweni yokuthi "Ndigodukile."
• Ukuphindaphinda amagama okanye amabinzana aqhelekileyo rhoqo: ukuthetha into enye amaxesha amaninzi.
• Uthetha ngamagama amafutshane okanye izivakalisi ezilula: njengokuthi "Ndifuna ukutya", "Ndifuna amanzi".
• La mabinzana afanayo asetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
• Ukuphepha ukunxibelelana nabantu: Ungafuni ukuthetha okanye ukudlala nabanye abantu.

Khawucinge nje, umntwana wakho omncinci, njengentombi kaNilanthi, nangona efuna ukuthi ulambile, ubiza amagama amabini okanye amathathu kuphela afana nokuthi "isisu... ukutya..." Okanye aqambe igama elitsha athi "Ndifuna i-tutu," kwaye asiqondi nokuba lithetha ukuthini. Ukuba izinto ezinje ziyaqhubeka zenzeka, kufuneka sikhathazeke ngayo.

Iingxaki zokuqonda ulwimi

Ukuba unengxaki yokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu, unokubona ezi mpawu:

• Ubunzima bokulandela imiyalelo: Xa bexelelwa ukuba "bayokuthatha ithoyizi," babonakala bengaqondi ukuba benze ntoni.
• Kunzima ukunikel’ ingqalelo xa abanye abantu bethetha: ingakumbi xa abantu abaninzi bethetha ngaxeshanye, okanye xa kukho ingxolo eninzi ejikeleze wena.
• Iinkcukacha ezingekhoyo zencoko, okanye ukukhumbula iinkcukacha kodwa ungaqondi umongo webali lonke.
• Abaqondi amahlaya okanye ukugculela, okanye bakuthatha ngokoqobo.
• Ubonakala eneentloni kwaye ekude nabanye.
• Ukungaqondi kakuhle nokucinga ngendlela engafanelekanga ngento ethethwa ngabanye abantu.

Zithini izizathu zokuphazamiseka kolwimi?

Ukuphazamiseka kolwimi kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

• Ingxaki yolwimi oluzalwa nalo: Abanye abantu bazalwa benale meko. Oogqirha bakwayibiza ngokuba yi -Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) . Kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho sizathu sicacileyo sale nto. Isenokubangelwa zizinto zemfuza okanye iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Ingxaki yolwimi olufunyenweyo: Oku kwenzeka njengengxaki yeemeko zonyango kwabanye abantu. Ukulimala kwengqondo - okufana nengozi, istroke, okanye ithumba lobuchopho - kunokuchaphazela ubuchule bokusebenzisa ulwimi. I-Aphasia ngumzekelo omhle wolu hlobo lwengxaki yolwimi olufunyenweyo.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Ukuphazamiseka kolwimi kunokukhokelela kwimingeni emininzi enxulumene noko. Oku kunokusukela ekusokoleni ukufunda ukuya ekufundeni ukuya kwiingxaki zempilo yengqondo. Ezinye zeengxaki ezinokubakho ziquka:

• Ixhala
• Imiba yokuziphatha
• Uxinzelelo

Khawuthelekelele indlela ekunokuba nzima ngayo kumntwana ukuveza into ayifunayo xa abanye abantwana bemlahla. Ngoko ke kufuneka silumke ngezinto ezinje.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo zokuphazamiseka kolwimi?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zokuphazamiseka kolwimi:

• Ingxaki yolwimi olucacileyo:Kulapho ufumana ubunzima bokuzibonakalisa usebenzisa amagama. Usenokuvakalelwa kukuba umntwana wakho akazi ukuba makasebenzise liphi igama okanye indlela yokulihlanganisa ukuze enze isivakalisi esinokuqondwa ngabanye.
• Ukuphazamiseka kolwimi lokwamkela: Le yimeko apho umntwana enengxaki yokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye. Umntwana wakho usenokuba noloyiko lokuthetha nabanye kuba engaqinisekanga ukuba uza kuyiqonda na into ayithethayo.

Abanye abantu banokuba nazo zombini ezi zinto. Le yingxaki yolwimi exubeneyo yokwamkela nokuthetha . Njengoko igama lisitsho, aba bantu banobunzima bokuzibonakalisa besebenzisa amagama nokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye.

Uyibona njani le nto?

Inyathelo lokuqala koogqirha kukususa ezinye iingxaki ezinokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kolwimi, njengokulahlekelwa kukuva . Ukuba ugqirha wakho urhanela ukuba kukho ukulahleka kokuva, uza kukuthumela kwingcali ye-audiologist ukuze akuhlolele ukuva. Baza kukuthumela nakwingcali ye-Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP) ukuze afumane uvavanyo oluchanekileyo, uxilongo, kunye nonyango.

Ingcali yezifo zolwimi ivavanya izakhono zolwimi zomntwana ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Oku kungabandakanya ukuthetha nomntwana, ukumjonga xa edlala, kunye nokwenza uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo.

Iphathwa njani?

Akukho ndlela inye yokunyanga iingxaki zolwimi. Ngokubanzi, ingcali yakho yezifo zolwimi iya kulungelelanisa unyango oluhambelana neemfuno zakho okanye zomntwana wakho. Umzekelo:

• Ukuzalwa: Ukuba umntwana wakho oneminyaka emi-3 ubudala unengxaki yolwimi ecacileyo, ingcali yezonyango iza kusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuzilolonga kunye neendlela zokunceda ukuphucula indlela umntwana wakho asebenzisa ngayo amagama nezivakalisi. Oku kungabandakanya ukusebenzisa amakhadi emifanekiso, ukubalisa amabali, kunye nezinto zokudlala.
• Ufunyenwe: Ukuba unengxaki yolwimi olufunyenweyo, ugqirha wakho uza kugxila kwimisebenzi eya kukunceda wakhe ukuzithemba ekusebenziseni amagama ukuziveza. Banokucebisa nezinye iindlela, ezinje ngoonobumba bokulandelela, ukusebenzisa ii-apps kwiitablet, okanye ukusebenzisa isixhobo esivelisa intetho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona le meko ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane uncedo olufunekayo. Oku kuya kunceda kakhulu ekuphuhliseni umntwana.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umntwana wam unengxaki yolwimi?

Ngenxa yokuba zininzi izinto ezibangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kolwimi ebantwaneni, into onokuyilindela iya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yabo.Unyango lokuthetha lwexesha elifutshane lunokufuneka, okanye uncedo lwexesha elide lunokufuneka.

Umzekelo, ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yolwimi oluphuhlayo, unokufuna unyango lokuthetha olulungiselelwe iingxaki zakhe ezithile, njengokuphuhlisa isigama sakhe. Ukuba umntwana wakho unesinye isifo esichaphazela intetho yakhe, unokufuna unyango lokuthetha oluqhubekayo njengenxalenye yokhathalelo lwakhe lulonke.

Ndingazinceda njani mna okanye umntwana wam?

Ukuphila nomntu ongakwaziyo ukuthetha akulula. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzinceda wena nomntwana wakho kukuqonda ukuba iingxaki zenu zolwimi azichazi wena okanye umntwana wakho. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezinokukunceda wena nomntwana wakho:

• Fumana inkxaso yempilo yengqondo: Abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abanengxaki yolwimi badla ngokuba neengxaki zempilo yengqondo, ezifana nokuxhalaba. Ukuthetha nogqirha wengqondo kunokunceda.
• Xelela abanye ngale meko: Xelela usapho lwakho, abahlobo, kunye nootitshala bomntwana wakho ngendlela ukukhubazeka kolwimi okukuchaphazela ngayo wena nomntwana wakho. Umntwana wakho unokufaneleka kwiinkqubo zokungenelela kwangethuba okanye inkxaso ekhethekileyo esikolweni.
• Yiba nomonde: Izakhono zolwimi zithatha ixesha ukuphuhliswa. Ngoko ke wena nomntwana wakho kufuneka nibe nomonde. Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba athethe aze aveze izimvo zakhe. Mamela ngononophelo oko akutshoyo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwengxaki yokuthetha kunye nengxaki yolwimi?

Abantu abaninzi bayababhidanisa aba babini.

Ukuphazamiseka kokuthetha yimeko apho kunzima khona ukubiza izandi ngokuchanekileyo. Umzekelo, ukuthi "த" endaweni yokuthi "ச" okanye ukugquma amagama.

Ingxaki yolwimi yimeko apho unobunzima bokusebenzisa amagama ukuziveza okanye ukuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu.

Abanye abantu banokuba nazo zombini ezi meko kunye.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokulibaziseka kolwimi kunye nokuphazamiseka kolwimi?

Lo ngumcimbi obalulekileyo.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yolwimi , uphuhlisa izakhono zakhe zolwimi eziqhelekileyo, kodwa ngesantya esiphantsi kunezabanye abaneminyaka yakhe. Oku kuthetha ukuba usenokuqala ukuthetha kade kancinci, kodwa indlela yakhe yophuhliso lolwimi iqhelekile.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unengxaki yolwimi , usenokungaziphuhlisi ezo zakhono ngokufanelekileyo kwaye usenokufuna uncedo. Indlela yakhe yophuhliso lolwimi isenokuba ingaqhelekanga.

Amazwi anamandla kakhulu. Siwasebenzisa ukuze sivakalelwe ngabanye. Ukukhubazeka kolwimi kwenza kube nzima ukuba sivakalelwe kwaye siqonde kanye oko abanye bakutshoyo kuthi.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ukuba unengxaki yolwimi, ungaziva ngathi uhlala ulahlekile kuluhlu lwamagama. Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yolwimi, usenokuba nexhala lokuba le meko ichaphazela ubuchule bakhe bokuhamba kuloo luhlu lwamagama.

Kodwa khumbula, unyango lokuthetha lunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unengxaki yolwimi, cela uncedo kugqirha wengqondo. Baza kumamela oko ukuthethayo baze benze konke okusemandleni abo ukukunceda. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ulwe nezi zinto wedwa. Ngenkxaso nesikhokelo esifanelekileyo, nabo banengxaki yolwimi banokuphila ubomi obuphumelelayo nobonwabisayo.

Ukuphazamiseka kolwimi , ubunzima bokuthetha, uphuhliso lolwimi ebantwaneni, unyango lokuthetha, ukuphazamiseka kolwimi, ukuphazamiseka kolwimi okubonakalayo, ukuphazamiseka kolwimi okwamkelekayo, unyango lokuthetha