Xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba kufuneka utyando lwe-laryngectomy, utyando lokususa ibhokisi yelizwi lakho, ungaziva uloyiko olukhulu kwaye wothukile. Usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho, efana nokuthi "Ndiza kuphinda ndithethe njani?" kunye nokuthi "Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ebomini bam kwixesha elizayo?" Oku kuqhelekile kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula nangokucacileyo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-laryngectomy?
I-Laryngectomy yinkqubo yotyando esusa yonke okanye inxalenye ye-larynx yakho (ibhokisi yelizwi).
Cinga nge-larynx yakho njengesixhobo esincinci esisebenza kwiindawo ezintathu ezibalulekileyo zokudibana. Ifumaneka ngaphezulu kwe-trachea yakho (umphimbo womoya). Idibanisa iindlela zomoya ezivela empumlweni nasemlonyeni wakho ukuya kwimiphunga yakho.
Le larynx inemisebenzi emithathu ephambili:
- Ukukunceda uthethe: Iintambo zelizwi ezivelisa ilizwi lakho zifumaneka apha.
- Ukunceda ukuphefumla: Imigudu yomoya emiphungeni iyavuleka.
- Ukunceda ekuginyeni: Xa uginya, ukhusela ukutya ekungeneni kwi-trachea.
Kutheni umntu engathanda ukwenza olu tyando?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha angacebisa olu tyando. Ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima bemeko yakho, banokugqiba ekubeni basuse inxalenye yengxolo yakho (Partial Laryngectomy) okanye yonke ingxolo (Total Laryngectomy).
Jonga itheyibhile engezantsi ngezizathu eziphambili.
| Isizathu sotyando | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Umhlaza weLaryngeal | Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. I-larynx kufuneka isuswe ukuze kususwe iiseli zomhlaza. |
| Ukuqhekeka kweLaryngeal | Ukubethwa kakhulu entanyeni kwingozi kunokwaphula amathambo e-larynx. |
| Umonakalo omkhulu | Xa i-larynx yonakaliswe ngendlela engenakulungiseka ngenye ingozi okanye ukwenzakala. |
| Umonakalo obangelwa lunyango lwemitha (iChondronecrosis) | Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Inokwenzeka ngenxa yokonakala kwe-cartilage ye-larynx emva konyango lwe-radiation lomhlaza. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando?
Kulungile, masithi ugqibe ekubeni wenze utyando. Ngaphambi koko, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxilonga kakuhle. Uza kwenza novavanyo olumbalwa ukuze abone ukuba umzimba wakho ukulungele na utyando.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ngokwesiqhelo, kwenziwa izinto ezifana nokubalwa kwegazi ngokupheleleyo.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Jonga imeko yemiphunga yakho.
- Uvavanyo lwe-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Jonga ukuba ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho kukwinqanaba elinokumelana notyando.
Ukongeza, ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela kwezinye iingcali ezininzi, ezifana neNgcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha kunye neNgcali yokuginya . Aba bantu baza kukunceda ulungiselele ubomi emva kotyando. Ngoko ke ungaphoswa zezi ntlanganiso.
Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, uza kunikwa iingcebiso kunye nenkxaso yokuyeka ngaphambi kotyando. Uza kunikwa neengcebiso zesondlo eziza kukunceda uphile ngokukhawuleza emva kotyando.
Indlela oluqhutywa ngayo utyando
Olu tyando lwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke awuyi kuva ntlungu okanye nantoni na. Ugqirha uza kulandela la manyathelo:
1. Ukwenza i-incision: Okokuqala, ugqirha wenza i-incision ngononophelo eluswini lwentamo yakho.
2. Ukususwa kweLarynx: Okulandelayo, ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, inxalenye okanye yonke ilarynx yakho iya kususwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, ii-lymph nodes okanye inxalenye yomqala wakho (pharynx) nazo zinokufuneka zisuswe.
3. Ukudala iStoma: Olu lolona tshintsho lukhulu emva kotyando. Ugqirha uza kudala umngxuma omncinci ngaphambili entanyeni yakho, oqhagamshelwe ngqo kumbhobho womoya wakho. Lo mngxuma ubizwa ngokuba yistoma . Emva kotyando, uza kuphefumla ngale stoma. Umbhobho omncinci (`laryngectomy tube`) ubekwa ekuqaleni ukunceda koku.
4. Ukwenza i-TEP:Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci phakathi kombhobho wakho womoya (i-trachea) kunye ne-esophagus yakho (i-oesophagus). Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Tracheoesophageal Puncture (TEP).' Oku kwenziwa ukuze isixhobo ('i-voice prosthesis') sifakwe kamva ukuze sikuncede uthethe. Nangona kunjalo, oku akufanelekanga kuwo wonke umntu. Kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ukuze agqibe ukuba oku kulungile na kuwe.
5. Ukuvala i-incision: Ekugqibeleni, i-incision ivalwa ngezitishi.
Emva kotyando, uhlala esibhedlele kangangeveki okanye ezimbini. Ngeli xesha, iqela lezonyango liza kukunyamekela kakuhle. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, uza kondliwa ngetyhubhu yokutyisa. Le tyhubhu iza kususwa xa ukwazi ukuginya ulwelo.
Uthetha njani emva kotyando?
Le yinto eyoyikisa abantu abaninzi. Ewe, utyando luya kuyisusa ilizwi lakho lendalo. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba awusayi kuze ukwazi ukuthetha kwakhona. Ungafunda iindlela ezintsha zokuthetha, kwaye ingcali yakho yokuthetha inokukunceda ngaloo nto.
Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziphambili.
| Indlela yonxibelelwano | Ingaba isebenza kanjani |
|---|---|
| I-Prosthesis yelizwi | Ukuba kwenziwe umngxuma we-TEP ngexesha lotyando, esi sixhobo sincinci sincamathiselwe kuso. Emva koqeqesho, uya kukwazi ukuqondisa umoya ovela kwimiphunga yakho uye emqaleni wakho kwaye wenze amagama ngaloo ngcangcazelo. |
| I-Electrolarynx | Esi sisixhobo esincinci esisebenza ngebhetri. Xa usibeka entanyeni yakho uze usicinezele, ungenza amagama ngokungcangcazela okuvelisayo. Nangona sivakala ngathi yirobhothi, yindlela entle yokuqala ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza. |
| Intetho ye-Esophageal | Le ndlela ayifuni zixhobo. Ibandakanya ukufutha umoya ngomlomo, uwubambe emqaleni nakwingqula, uze uwukhuphe ngendlela elawulwayo ukuze wenze amagama. Oku kufuna ukuziqhelanisa okuninzi. |
| Unxibelelwano Olungengolwamazwi | Ngexesha lokuchacha, wonke umntu kufuneka asebenzise ezi ndlela. Oku kuquka izimbo zomzimba, ukubetha imilebe, imbonakalo yobuso, ukubhala ngesandla, kunye nokubhala ngefowuni okanye kwikhompyutha. |
Zithini iingozi kunye neengxaki zotyando?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zotyando, utyando lwe-laryngectomy lunokuba neengozi ezithile kunye neengxaki.
Iingozi eziqhelekileyo
- Usulelo
- Amahlwili egazi
- Iimeko zentliziyo
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
Iingxaki eziphathelele utyando
- Umonakalo kwi-trachea okanye kwi-bronchi
- Ukuncipha komsebenzi we-thyroid
- Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya, iziselo, nokuthetha
- Uthintelo ekushukumeni kwentamo nasemagxeni
- Ukudibana okungaqhelekanga (i-fistula) phakathi komqala nolusu
- Iingxaki ezinxulumene nestoma
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha kwaye yintoni ekufuneka uyiqwalasele?
Kudla ngokuthatha iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ukuze umntu aphile, kodwa eli xesha linokwahluka kumntu nomntu, kuxhomekeke ekubeni umzimba wakho uyakwazi ukuphiliswa na kunye nobungakanani botyando.
Ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando lomhlaza, ungadinga nezinye iindlela zonyango, ezinje ngonyango lwemitha okanye i-chemotherapy , ukuthintela ukuba umhlaza ungabuyi. Kubalulekile nokubona ugqirha wakho ukuze alandelelwe ngamaxesha amiselweyo.
Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukufundisa indlela yokuphefumla, yokuthetha, yokuginya, kunye nokunyamekela i-stoma yakho kwakhona. Ukulandela le miyalelo ngokufanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza.
Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza
Xa ubuyela ekhaya emva kotyando, kufuneka uxele ngoko nangoko naziphi na iimpawu ezibonakala.
| Ufika nini kugqirha | |
|---|---|
| Thetha nogqirha wakho: | |
| - Ukuba unomkhuhlane | - Ukuba kukho ubomvu okanye ukubomvu okujikeleze i-incision |
| Yiya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) elikufutshane ngoko nangoko: | |
| - Ukuba unentlungu esifubeni | - Ukuba unengxaki enkulu yokuphefumla |
Musa ukulwa neemvakalelo ozivayo xa uxelelwa ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando olunje wedwa. Thetha nogqirha wakho, usapho, okanye umhlobo othembekileyo malunga neemvakalelo zakho kunye noloyiko lwakho. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, funa uncedo lomcebisi. Kwakhona, ukujoyina amaqela enkxaso nabantu abaye baba namava afanayo kuya kuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Laryngectomy yindlela yotyando yokususa i-larynx, ikakhulu ngenxa yomhlaza.
- Emva kotyando, uza kuphefumla ngomngxuma obizwa ngokuba yi-stoma owenziwe ngaphambili entanyeni yakho.
- Nokuba ulahlekelwa lilizwi lakho lendalo, ungafunda iindlela ezintsha zokuthetha ngoncedo logqirha wengqondo.
- Impilo yakho yengqondo ibaluleke njengempilo yakho yomzimba. Musa ukoyika ukuthetha ngeemvakalelo zakho kwaye ufumane inkxaso oyifunayo.
*Kukho iqela lezonyango elizinikeleyo ukukunceda kuhambo lwakho lokuchacha. Landela iingcebiso zabo.
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