Ngaba kukho ingxaki ngeeseli ze-lymph emzimbeni wakho? Masithethe nge-Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPDs)!

Ngaba wakha weva ukuba kukho amajoni amancinci emizimbeni yethu asikhusela kwizifo? La majoni abizwa ngokuba ziiseli zegazi ezimhlophe. Phakathi kwezi seli zegazi ezimhlophe, kukho uhlobo olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocytes . Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukugcina amasosha omzimba ethu eqinile ngokulwa neentshaba ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya ezingena emizimbeni yethu, kwaye zide zitshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezi lymphocytes ziyeka ukusebenza kakuhle, okanye ziqala ukwanda kakhulu. Kulapho ke sibiza iqela lezifo ngokuba yi-Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPDs) . Le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, akunjalo?

Zithini iiLymphoproliferative Disorders (LPDs)? Ngaba zikho iintlobo zazo?

Ngamafutshane, ii-LPD liqela lezifo ezenzeka xa iiseli zethu ze-lymph, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocytes, zingasebenzi kakuhle okanye zikhula ngendlela engalawulekiyo. Ezi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili.

1. Ii-LPD (Iingxaki ze-Immunologic) ezinxulumene nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela

Ezi ntlobo ze-LPD ziyaphazamisa indlela amasosha omzimba wethu asabela ngayo kubahlaseli bamanye amazwe. Abantu abanezi meko basengozini enkulu yokufumana umhlaza ofana ne -lymphoma .

• Isifo se-lymphoproliferative esidityaniswe ne-X (XLP): Ukuba umntu onesi sifo wosulelwe yi -Epstein-Barr virus , sinokudlulela kwi-lymphoma.
• I-Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS): Oku kwenzeka xa inani elikhulu lee-lymphocytes liqokelelana kwiindawo ezifana nee-lymph nodes zethu, i-spleen, nesibindi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ezo zitho zidumbe. Kufana nokuba iiseli zethu ziqokelelana kwiindawo ezingalawulekiyo.
• Iingxaki ze-lymphoproliferative emva kokufakelwa (PTLD): Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa imbi kakhulu. Inokwenzeka emva kokufakelwa ilungu (umz., izintso, isibindi) okanye ukufakelwa i-allogeneic stem cell . Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuba wena okanye umntu onikele ngelungu okanye ii-stem cells unosulelo lwe-Epstein-Barr virus, echaphazela ii-B-cells.

2. Umhlaza Wegazi We-Lymphoid

Ezi zizifo ezinzulu esihlala siziva ngazo, ezifana neLeukemia kunye neLymphoma . Okwenzekayo apha kukuba iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kwithambo lethu kunye negazi, ezizezi iiseli ze-B, iiseli ze-T kunye neeseli zokubulala zendalo (iiseli ze-NK), zonakele.Utshintsho, iiseli ezingaqhelekanga eziphindaphindeka ngokungalawulekiyo. Ezi seli ezingaqhelekanga zigquma iiseli zegazi ezisempilweni. Nangona ezi ngamanye amaxesha zinokunyangwa, zizifo ezinzulu ezinokuba yingozi ebomini.

Umhlaza onxulumene neeseli ze-B

Ezinye iintlobo ze -non-Hodgkin lymphomas eziwela kolu luhlu zezi:

• Ukusasaza i-lymphoma enkulu ye-B-cell
• I-follicular lymphoma
• I-Mantle cell lymphoma

Kukwakho neentlobo ze-B-cell leukemia:

• I-Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): Apha, ii-B-cells eziqhelekileyo kumongo wethambo ziphindaphindeka kakhulu, ziminyanisa iiseli zegazi ezisempilweni kunye neeplatelets.
• I-B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia: Nalapha, ii-B-cells ezingaqhelekanga zenzeka kumongo wethambo, ziminyanisa iiseli eziphilileyo.
• I-leukemia yeeseli ezineenwele: Njengoko igama lisitsho, ezi seli zegazi ezimhlophe ezingaqhelekanga zithiywe ngamagama kuba zifana neenwele xa zijongwa nge-microscope. Zikwavela kumongo wethambo kwaye zanda kakhulu.

Umhlaza onxulumene neeseli ze-T

Izifo ezinxulumene neeseli ze-T zahlulwe kakhulu zibe ziindidi ezimbini:

• Ii-lymphomas ze-T-cell systemic: Ezi zinokuchaphazela ii-lymph nodes zakho, i-spleen, umongo wethambo, igazi, kunye nezinye izitho zomzimba.
• Ii-lymphomas ze-T-cell cutaneous: Ezi zichaphazela kakhulu ulusu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuchaphazela ii-lymph nodes, igazi, umongo wethambo, kunye nezitho zangaphakathi.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-systemic T-cell lymphomas. Ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• I-lymphoma ye-T-cell ye-Peripheral ayichazwanga ngenye indlela (i-PTCL NOS)
• I-Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL)
• I-Anaplastic large cell lymphoma

Kukwakho neentlobo ezingaqhelekanga:

• I-Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL)
• I-T-cell lymphoma (EATL) enxulumene ne-Enteropathy

Ezinye ii-lymphomas ze-T-cell systemic zikwabizwa ngokuba yi -chronic T-cell leukemias . Imizekelo:

• I-T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL)
• I-T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL)

Iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-cutaneous T-cell lymphoma zezi:

• I-Mycosis fungoides
• Isifo sikaSézary

Izifo ezinxulumene ne-NK-cell

Ezi zinqabile kakhulu kwaye zichaphazela iiseli ze-NK.

• Uhlobo lwempumlo lwe-Extranodal NK T-cell lymphoma
• I-Aggressive NK-cell leukemia (AKNL)
• I-leukemia ye-lymphocytic enkulu ye-granular granular cell (NK-LGL)

Ngoku ungabona ukuba kukho iimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo phantsi kwe-LPD. Akufuneki wazi nzulu ngayo nganye nganye, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba le meko ikhona.

Zithini iimpawu ze-LPD? Uzibona njani?

Iimpawu zezi LPDs zinokwahluka kakhulu, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe LPD onayo. Kodwa kukho ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo onokuzibona. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Ukubila kakhulu ebusuku: Akupheleli nje ekubileni, kodwa kukubila kakhulu kangangokuba amashiti ayamanzi.
• Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo, isibindi, okanye i-spleen: Ukuba ubona amaqhuma kwiindawo ezifana nentamo, emakhwapheni, okanye emqolo, okanye ukuba une-dumbe engaqhelekanga esiswini sakho, kufuneka ukhathazeke.
• Ukopha igazi okungaqhelekanga okanye okugqithisileyo kunye nokukrweleka: Ukuba wopha kakhulu nokuba wenzekele kancinci, okanye ukuba unemikrwelo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwiindawo ezithile emzimbeni wakho.
• Ukudinwa rhoqo: Ukudinwa nokuba ulala kangakanani na.
• Umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo: Ukuba unomkhuhlane ongapheliyo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwentsholongwane: Ngenxa yokungabikho komzimba oqinileyo, unokufumana izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane rhoqo.
• I-Anorexia: Imvakalelo yokungafuni ukutya.
• Ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo: Ukuba ngequbuliso wehla ubunzima ngaphandle kokunciphisa umzimba okanye ukwenza umthambo, olo luphawu ekufuneka uluqaphele.

Kubalulekile: Musa ukoyika ukuba unenye okanye ezimbini kwezi mpawu. Zinokubangelwa zezinye izizathu ezilula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka, kusoloko kuyinto entle ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Zithini izizathu ze-LPD?

Kunzima ukukhomba unobangela omnye we-LPD ezininzi, kodwa izinto ezahlukeneyo zinokuba negalelo.

• Iintsholongwane: Ezinye iintlobo ze-LPD zinokubangelwa zizifo ezifana ne -Epstein-Barr virus okanye i-H. pylori bacteria . Khawucinge nje, ezi ntlobo zeentsholongwane ezingena emizimbeni yethu ziphazamisa inkqubo yethu yeeseli.
• Ezinye izifo ezizikhuselayo emzimbeni: I-rheumatoid arthritis, i-lupusAbantu abanezifo ezithile basengozini yokuphuhlisa iintlobo ezithile ze-LPD (umz. i-marginal zone lymphomas). Oku kwenzeka xa inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela ihlasela iiseli zethu.
• Amayeza: Amanye amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba (umz., amayeza anikezelwa ukucinezela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela emva kokufakelwa ilungu) anokubangela izifo ezifana ne-hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma.
• Utshintsho oluthile lwemfuza: Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba ufumane inguqu yemfuza ebangela olu hlobo lwe-LPD. Umzekelo, abantu abane-X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder (XLP) banotshintsho kwimfuza ezimbini. Oku kubenza babe nethuba elikhulu lokuphendula ngokungaqhelekanga kwi-Epstein-Barr virus baze baphuhlise i-lymphoma. Utshintsho lwemfuza oluchaphazela ukukhula kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi lukwanxulunyaniswa ne-lymphoma kunye ne-leukemia.

Oogqirha bazixilonga njani ii-LPD? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ngenxa yokuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-LPD, xa bexilonga, oogqirha baqala bajonge ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-LPD olubangela iimpawu zakho.

Ukuze enze oku, ugqirha uza kuqwalasela iimpawu zakho, ezinje ngee-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo, iimpawu zokuba isibindi sakho okanye i-spleen zikhulu kunesiqhelo, aze abuze ngembali yakho yezonyango yangaphambili kunye nokuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho okhe waba neemeko ezifanayo.

Emva koko kunokwenzeka ukwenza iimvavanyo ezinje:

• I-Biopsy: I-bone marrow biopsy ingenziwa ukujonga iimpawu zomhlaza wegazi ezifana ne-leukemia okanye i-lymphoma. Oku kubandakanya ukuthatha isampuli encinci ye-bone marrow kwaye uyivavanye. Ngamanye amaxesha iqhekeza elincinci le-lymph node evuvukileyo nalo linokuthathwa.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ubalo olupheleleyo lwegazi (CBC) , iphaneli epheleleyo ye-metabolic (CMP) , uvavanyo lwe-antibody lwe-Epstein-Barr, uvavanyo lwe-hepatitis, uvavanyo lwe-HIV, uvavanyo lwe -Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) , njl. Ezi zinokukuxelela okuninzi malunga notshintsho kwiiseli zegazi, usulelo, kunye nokusebenza kwesibindi kunye nezintso.
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Uvavanyo olufana ne -computed tomography (CT) scans kunye ne -positron emission tomography (PET) scans lunokwenziwa. Olu vavanyo lunokujonga izinto ezifana namalungu angaphakathi emzimbeni, imeko yee-lymph nodes, kunye nokuba iiseli zomhlaza zisasazekile na. Kufana nokuthatha umfanekiso wangaphakathi emzimbeni.
• Uvavanyo lwelebhu: Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olufana ne -flow cytometry lunokunceda ekuchongeni uhlobo oluthile lwe-LPD.

Ziphathwa njani ii-LPD?

Unyango lwe-LPD luxhomekeke kuhlobo oluthile lwe-LPD onayo. Asinguye wonke umntu ofumana unyango olufanayo. Umzekelo, ukuba une-leukemia okanye i-lymphoma, unokufumana unyango olufana nolu:

• I-Chemotherapy: Amayeza anikwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy: Unyango oluvuselela amajoni akho omzimba ukuba alwe neeseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango lwemitha: Ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza kusetyenziswa imitha enamandla aphezulu.
• Ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-stem (umongo wamathambo): Ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-stem eziphilileyo ukuze kuthathelwe indawo umongo wamathambo owonakeleyo.
• Unyango olujoliswe kulo: Amayeza ajolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezinceda iiseli zomhlaza zikhule kwaye ziphile.

Khumbula, ugqirha wakho uza kukumisela unyango olulungele wena. Nguye oyazi kakuhle imeko yakho.

Injani imeko yomntu one-LPD? Ngaba iyanyangeka?

Lo ngumbuzo onzima ukuwuphendula kuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-LPD, kwaye izinto ezininzi ezifana nempilo yakho, ubudala, kunye nenqanaba lesi sifo zinokuchaphazela isiphumo.

Ezinye iintlobo ze-LPD zinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, i-chemo-immunotherapy inokunyanga ezinye iintlobo ze-lymphoma, njenge-large B-cell lymphoma kunye ne-Burkitt lymphoma. Umntu one-X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder (XLP) unokunyangwa ngokufakelwa i-stem cell.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lunokubangela ukuba ezinye ii-lymphomas ziphinde ziphele , nto leyo ethetha ukuba iimpawu ziyanyamalala kwaye uvavanyo alukwazi ukubona isifo. Kodwa isifo asinyangeki ngokupheleleyo. Ezinye ii-LPD zinokubuya emva kweenyanga okanye iminyaka unyango luphelile.

Ukuba une-LPD, mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba ingaba iyanyangeka na kwaye ungaphila ixesha elingakanani. Eyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yokufumana ulwazi malunga noku kugqirha wakho. Uyakwazi kakuhle wena kunye nemeko yakho. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukumbuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ukuzinyamekela)

Ii-LPD ziimeko zempilo ezinzulu. Nangona unyango lunokunciphisa iimpawu kwaye lude lukhokelele ekunyangekeni, usenokujongana nemingeni ngexesha lonyango. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezinokukunceda:

• Buza ngokhathalelo lokudambisa iintlungu: Umntu one-LPD unokufuna uncedo lokulawula iimpawu kunye nemiphumo emibi yonyango. Ukhathalelo lokudambisa iintlungu luhlobo oluthile lokhathalelo olunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi bomntu kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokunye ukungonwabi, endaweni yokuzama ukunyanga isifo. Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lokudambisa iintlungu lingakunika ingcebiso elungileyo.
• Yitya kakuhle: Usenokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya xa ugula okanye unyangwa. Ukuba kunjalo, qhagamshelana nengcali yesondlo . Yona iya kukucebisa ngokutya neziselo ezifanelekileyo kuwe.
• Yenza umthambo: Umthambo olula unokunceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo oluza nesifo esinzulu. Kodwa qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba uqalise inkqubo entsha yomthambo.
• Zikhusele kwiintsholongwane: Amasosha omzimba wakho anokuba buthathaka ngenxa yokugula okanye unyango. Ngoko ke buza ugqirha wakho ngeendlela zokuthintela ukosuleleka ziintsholongwane. Ukuphepha iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi nokuhlamba izandla zakho rhoqo kubalulekile.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba unyangwa nge-LPD, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba imeko yakho iya isiba mandundu (umz., umkhuhlane ongapheliyo) ukuze wazi ukuba uza kumqhagamshelana nini.

Xa ugqirha esebenzisa igama lezonyango elithi "lymphoproliferation" okanye "iingxaki ze-lymphoproliferative (LPDs)," bathetha ngeqela lezifo ezibandakanya iiseli ezithile zegazi ezimhlophe ezinokuchaphazela inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela okanye zibe ngumhlaza.

Ukuba unemeko efana nale, unokuba nomdla wokwazi iinkcukacha zemeko yakho kunegama lezonyango. Kodwa xa ugula, ulwazi lunamandla. Kwimeko enjalo, ukwazi intsingiselo yegama kunokukunceda uqonde ngcono okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho.

Umzekelo, ii-LPD zineempawu kunye nonyango oluqhelekileyo. Kodwa azifani zonke. Kwakhona, amava akho anokwahluka kwawabanye abantu. Ukuba ugqirha wakho usebenzisa igama elithi "lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD), cela iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga nemeko yakho ethile. Baya kukuvuyela ukuphendula imibuzo yakho.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

Iingxaki zeLymphoproliferative (ii-LPD) liqela leemeko ezinzima nezinokuba nzima ezibangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-lymphocytes, iiseli zokuzikhusela zomzimba wethu.

• Lumka ngeempawu: Musa ukuba livila ukuba unomkhuhlane ongapheliyo, ukudinwa kakhulu, ukwehla kobunzima, okanye ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo.
• Kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha: Ukuba unamathandabuzo, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze uhlolwe. Okukhona isifo sifunyanwa kwangethuba, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba unyango luphumelele.
• Ayizizo zonke ii-LPD ezifanayo: kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye nganye ineendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba unyango olulungele wena.
• Awuwedwa: Xa ujongene nemeko efana nale, inkxaso yosapho, abahlobo kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango ibaluleke kakhulu.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungabi naloyiko, uhlale uqinile, kwaye ulandele iingcebiso zoogqirha. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye namandla engqondo afanelekileyo, ungayoyisa le ngxaki.

Iingxaki ze- lymphoproliferative, ii-LPD, iiseli ze-lymph, ii-lymphocytes, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, umhlaza, i-leukemia, i-lymphoma