Ngaba kutshanje ukhe waphawula iqhuma elincinci okanye iqhuma kwindawo ethile emzimbeni wakho? Mhlawumbi alibangeli ntlungu, okanye mhlawumbi ubujongene neentlungu ezingapheliyo ezingalweni, emlenzeni, okanye emalungeni akho. Sidla ngokuzigxotha ezi zinto. Sizixelela ukuba, “Mhlawumbi liqhuma nje elinamafutha,” okanye “Kufuneka ukuba ndiziqhubile ndaweni ithile.” Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha nophawu oluncinci olufana nolu lunokuba luphawu lwesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'Sarcoma' ( Sarcoma ), esisifo somhlaza esingaqhelekanga kodwa esibalulekileyo ekufuneka usiqaphele. Nceda ungoyiki—masithethe ngale nto kunye, ngokulula nangokusuka ezantsi, apha eNirogi Lanka.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iSarcoma?
I-sarcoma sisimila esinobungozi esikhula emathanjeni omzimba wakho okanye kwizicubu ezithambileyo . Usenokuba uzibuza ukuba zeziphi izicubu ezithambileyo. Ezi zizicubu ezixhasa kwaye zidibanisa izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni wakho.
Umzekelo:
- Izihlunu
- Amafutha
- Iitendon
- I-Cartilage
- Iiligamenti
- Ivazi yegazi
- Imiva
Ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba zizicubu ezithambileyo zomzimba wakho, kwaye i-sarcoma inokukhula kuyo nayiphi na kwezi ndawo.
IiSarcomas luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lomhlaza . Zimalunga ne-1% kuphela yazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza zabantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, zenza malunga ne-15% yomhlaza ofunyaniswa ebantwaneni. Ke ngoko, ukwaziswa ngale meko kubaluleke kakhulu.
Zihlala ziphi ii-sarcomas?
Nangona lo mhlaza unokubakho naphi na ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni zakho, kukho iindawo eziqhelekileyo apho ufumaneka khona. Cinga ngoku: kwi-100 sarcomas ezifunyenweyo:
- Ama-40% ayenzeka emzimbeni ongezantsi, njengemilenze yakho , amaqatha, kunye neenyawo .
- I-15% ifumaneka kwimilenze ephezulu, njengamahlombe akho , iingalo, iingalo, kunye neminwe .
- Ama-30% afumaneka esiqwini sakho , esifubeni, esiswini, okanye entlafunweni .
- I- 15% eseleyo ifumaneka kwindawo yentloko nentamo .
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-sarcomas?
Kwiqela elibanzi le-sarcoma, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezingaphezu kwama-70. Nangona kunjalo, singazihlela zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: ii-bone sarcomas kunye nee-soft tissue sarcomas.
| Uhlobo lweSarcoma | Inkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| IiSarcomas zeThambo | Ezi zivela ngqo kwizicubu zethambo. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-'primary bone sarcomas'. Zixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala abancinci abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala. Imizekelo embalwa ibandakanya:
|
| IiSarcomas zeZicwi ezithambileyo | Ezi zivela kwizicubu ezithambileyo ezifana nezihlunu okanye amafutha. Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala kunee-bone sarcomas, nangona ezinye iintlobo (ezifana ne-rhabdomyosarcoma) zinokwenzeka nakubantwana. Imizekelo embalwa ibandakanya:
|
Inqaku Elibalulekileyo: Ngamanye amaxesha, umhlaza oqala kwenye indawo yomzimba (umz., imiphunga, amabele, i-thyroid) unokusasazeka uye emathanjeni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba 'ngumhlaza wamathambo osasazekayo.' Olu asilohlobo lwe-sarcoma. Lulolunye nje umhlaza osasazeka uye emathanjeni.
Kutheni kukho ii-sarcomas? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Njengezinye iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza, isizathu esichanekileyo sokuba iseli ephilileyo ibe ngumhlaza ngequbuliso asikaqondwa ngokupheleleyo. Ngamafutshane, utshintsho kwi-DNA yeeseli ezakha amathambo akho okanye izicubu ezithambileyo zibangela ukuba zikhule kwaye zahlukane ngokungalawulekiyo. Ubunzima beeseli obuvelayo yinto esiyibona njengethumba. Ukuba azinyangwa, ezi seli zomhlaza zinokuhamba ngegazi okanye kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic kwaye zisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba yi-metastasis.
Nangona kunjalo, kuye kwachongwa izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-sarcoma.
| Into Engumngcipheko | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iikhemikhali | Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwi-arsenic, iikhemikhali ezithile ezisetyenziswa kwimveliso yeplastiki (i-vinyl chloride), amayeza okubulala ukhula, kunye nezigcini zemithi. |
| Ukukhanya kwemitha | Unyango lwemitha olusebenzisa imitha oluphezulu ngaphambili lwalusetyenziswa ukunyanga ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza. |
| I-Lymphedema | Ukudumba ixesha elide ezingalweni okanye emilenzeni okubangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo lwe-lymph. |
| Iimeko zeMfuzo | Ezinye iimeko zemfuza ezizuzwe njengelifa (umz., i-Neurofibromatosis type 1, i-Li-Fraumeni syndrome) zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho. |
Zithini iimpawu ze-sarcoma?
Kulapho abantu abaninzi badideka khona. Kuba iimpawu ze-sarcoma zahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke apho ithumba lenzeke khona. Ngamanye amaxesha, kusenokungabikho zimpawu kwaphela kwizigaba zokuqala.
Nazi ezinye zezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo onokuzibona:
- Iqhuma elitsha: Eli qhuma linokuba buhlungu okanye lingabi buhlungu. Lisenokuvakala ngathi liqhuma elingaphantsi kolusu lwakho.
- Intlungu: Intlungu engapheliyo engalweni, emlenzeni, esiswini, okanye kwindawo ye-pelvic. Kwabanye, le ntlungu inokuba mandundu ebusuku.
- Ubunzima bokuhamba: Ukuba ithumba liyakhula lize licinezele ilungu okanye izihlunu, unokufumana kunzima ukugoba okanye ukolula amalungu akho kakuhle.
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ngendlela engachazekiyo.
- Umqolo obuhlungu.
Ezi mpawu zixhaphakile nakwezinye iimeko ezininzi zempilo. Ngoko ke, ungoyiki ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo yi-sarcoma kuba nje unenye yezi mpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubona into efana nale, kubalulekile ukuba ungayityesheli kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ukuze akuhlole.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani i-sarcoma?
Xa undwendwela ugqirha wakho, baza kuqala bakubuze ngeempawu zakho baze bakwenze uvavanyo lomzimba. Ukuba kukho iqhuma, baza kujonga ubungakanani balo kunye nokuthungwa kwalo. Emva koko, ungathunyelwa kwiimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxilongiwe.
- I-X-ray: Uvavanyo oluphambili lokujonga naziphi na iingxaki emathanjeni nakwizicwili ezithambileyo.
- I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan): Isebenzisa ikhompyutha ukudibanisa imifanekiso ye-X-ray ukudala imifanekiso yomzimba wakho enqamlezileyo, inika umfanekiso ocacileyo wesi sifo.
- I-MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Isebenzisa amasimi emagnethi kunye namaza erediyo ukudala imifanekiso eneenkcukacha nezicacileyo yangaphakathi lomzimba wakho, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni iithumba ezithambileyo kwizicubu.
- I-Biopsy: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo nolucacileyo. Isampuli encinci yezicubu ezivela kwithumba iqokelelwa ngotyando oluncinci okanye ngenaliti ekhethekileyo ize ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope kwilebhu. Le yindlela uhlobo lomhlaza—okanye ngokukodwa uhlobo lwe-sarcoma—oluqinisekiswa ngayo nge-100%.
Ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne-PET scans okanye i-bone scans, nazo zinokucetyiswa.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-sarcoma?
Ukunyanga i-sarcoma ngumzamo wentsebenziswano. Iqela leengcali, kuquka oogqirha botyando, oogqirha bomhlaza, kunye neengcali zemitha, ziya kusebenzisana ukufumanisa isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Indlela yonyango ithathwa ngokusekelwe kwi:
- Uhlobo lwe-sarcoma.
- Ubungakanani kunye nendawo yethumba.
- Imeko yakho yempilo iyonke.
- Nokuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zonyango.
Utyando
Kwii-sarcomas ezininzi, utyando lolona nyango luphambili. Injongo kukususa lonke ithumba kunye nomda omncinci wezicubu eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ziseli zomhlaza ezincinci eziseleyo. Kwezinye iimeko, utyando lokusindisa amalungu luyenziwa ukuze kusindiswe amalungu. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu apho amalungu angenakusindiswa, ukunqunyulwa kwamalungu kunokufuneka.
Unyango lweMisebe
Oku kusebenzisa ii-X-reyi ezinamandla aphezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Imitha inganikwa ngaphambi kotyando ukuze kuncitshiswe ithumba okanye emva kotyando ukuze kubulawe naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo.
Unyango ngamakhemikhali
Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa amayeza akhethekileyo ukubulala okanye ukunqanda ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza ezahlulahlula ngokukhawuleza. La mayeza anokunikwa ngemithambo yegazi okanye njengeepilisi zomlomo.
Ezinye iindlela zonyango
Ukongeza, unyango lwanamhlanje olufana neTargeted Therapy , oluhlasela ubuthathaka obuthile kwiiseli zomhlaza, kunye ne -Immunotherapy , eyomeleza amasosha omzimba wakho ukulwa nomhlaza, ngoku ziyafumaneka.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
I-Sarcoma yimeko elula ukuyinyanga xa ifunyenwe kwangoko. Ngoko ke, musa ukulibazisa—bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ubona oku kulandelayo.
Ukuba uneqhuma elitsha emzimbeni wakho, nokuba libuhlungu okanye alibuhlungu, ingakumbi ukuba likhulu kunebhola yegalufa (malunga ne-5 cm) okanye liyaqhubeka likhula, kufuneka ubone ugqirha.
Kwakhona, musa ukuyityeshela intlungu engapheliyo, engachazwanga engalweni, emlenzeni, okanye emathanjeni, ingakumbi ukuba yenzekile ngaphandle kokwenzakala.
I-Sarcoma ayisiyomhlaza omnye nje kuphela, kodwa liqela lee-cancer. Ke ngoko, izicwangciso zonyango kunye noqikelelo lwazo ziyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kumntu ngamnye, uhlobo, kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unemibuzo malunga noku, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza oku kukubonana neengcali.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Sarcoma luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lomhlaza oluvela emathanjeni nakwizicwili ezithambileyo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonisa ugqirha naliphi na iqhuma elitsha, elikhulayo, okanye elikhulu (elingaphezulu kwe-5cm). Musa ukulityeshela, nokuba alibuhlungu.
- Uvavanyo olubalulekileyo lokufumanisa isifo esiqinisekileyo yi-biopsy.
- Unyango (utyando, i-radiation, i-chemotherapy) lwenzelwe ngokukodwa isigulana ngasinye kunye nohlobo lomhlaza waso.
- Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo kubalulekile ukuze kubekho iziphumo ezilungileyo.
I-Sarcoma, umhlaza, amaqhuma omzimba, umhlaza wamathambo, umhlaza wezicubu ezithambileyo, iimpawu zomhlaza, iNirogi Lanka
