Uninzi lwethu lunesinye okanye ngaphezulu sezifo ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi, i-cholesterol, akunjalo? Ngoko ke, oogqirha bahlala besicebisa ukuba silumke kakhulu ngento esiyityayo nesiyiselayo xa sisela amayeza ezi zinto. Enyanisweni, ubusazi na ukuba le nto 'yokutya nesiselo', ukuba icwangciswe ngokuchanekileyo ngokwesayensi yezonyango, inokuba lunyango olunamandla kakhulu ngokwayo? Loo ndlela yonyango ikhethekileyo yileyo siyibiza ngokuba yi "Medical Nutrition Therapy" okanye iMedical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) .
Yintoni kanye kanye iMedical Nutrition Therapy?
Ngamafutshane, i-MNT lunyango olusebenzisa isondlo kunye neendlela zokutya ukulawula okanye ukuthintela isifo. Ayikuko nje "ukutya ukutya okunesondlo." Imalunga ne-Registered Dietitian, phantsi kwesikhokelo sikagqirha wakho, ofunda imeko yakho, iimfuno zomzimba, iinjongo zakho, kunye nendlela yokuphila, aze enze isicwangciso sesondlo esikhethekileyo kuwe .
Baya kukunceda ukuphumeza esi sicwangciso. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa olu nyango ludityaniswe namayeza owasebenzisayo, kuba lula ukulawula esi sifo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ulandela le ndlela ngokuchanekileyo, unokukwazi ukuphepha ukuthatha amayeza. Kwakhona, le ndlela yonyango ibaluleke kakhulu kwabo bangakwaziyo ukuginya nokugaya ukutya ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yemeko ethile yempilo.
Ezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka ngexesha lonyango lwe-MNT:
- Kusenokufuneka uyeke okanye unciphise ukutya ukutya okuthile.
- Ungacetyiswa ukuba ufumane izakhamzimba ezithile nokutya okwaneleyo .
- Kusenokufuneka uthathe izongezo ezongezelelweyo zesondlo.
- Kwezinye iimeko, kusenokufuneka ukunika ukutya okunesondlo, okufana ne-saline, ngemithambo yegazi (isondlo se-parenteral) okanye ngetyhubhu (isondlo sangaphakathi).
Zeziphi izifo ezinokulawulwa nge-MNT?
Le ndlela yonyango inceda ekulawuleni iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo. Itheyibhile engezantsi idwelisa ezimbalwa zazo.
| Imeko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo seswekile (Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2, ixesha lokukhulelwa) kunye ne-prediabetes | Ukucwangciswa kokutya ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini. |
| Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD) | Ukulawula izinto ezifana netyuwa kunye neproteni ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo kwizintso. |
| Igazi elonyukayo | Nciphisa ukutya ityuwa kwaye wandise ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-potassium. |
| I-cholesterol ephezulu kunye ne-triglycerides (i-Dyslipidemia) | Ukwamkela ukutya okunciphisa amanqanaba amafutha egazini ayingozi. |
| Ukumelwa yintliziyo | Ukulawula ubungakanani bolwelo netyuwa emzimbeni kunye nokunciphisa umthwalo entliziyweni. |
| Izifo zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya (umz. isifo seCeliac, isifo sikaCrohn, i-IBS) | Kuphephe ukutya okubangela ukuba iimpawu zibe mandundu kwaye utye ukutya okulula ukucolwa. |
| Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokutyeba kakhulu | Ukulawula iikhalori nokutya okunesondlo kubalulekile ukuze wehlise umzimba ngendlela enempilo. |
| Ukungondleki kakuhle (umz. kwizigulana ezinomhlaza) | Ukuqinisa umzimba ngokubonelela umzimba ngamandla afunekayo kunye nesondlo. |
Le nkqubo yonyango yenzeka njani?
Olu nyango ludla ngokubandakanya amanyathelo amane, kodwa oku kunokwahluka kumntu nomntu.
| Inyathelo | Kwenzeka ntoni apha? |
|---|---|
| 1. Uvavanyo lweSondlo | Kulapho ugqirha wakho kunye nengcali yesondlo bafunda khona ngawe. Bajonga iirekhodi zakho zonyango, iingxelo zelebhu, baze bathethe nawe ukuze baqokelele ulwazi malunga nokutya kwakho, indlela ophila ngayo, ii-allergies, kunye nazo naziphi na iingxaki zokupheka onokuba nazo. |
| 2. Ukuxilongwa kweZondlo | Oku kwahlukile kuxilongo lwezonyango. Okwenzayo apha kukuchonga ingxaki esisiseko yesondlo. Umzekelo, usenokuba unesifo seswekile (uxilongo lwezonyango), ngoko ke usenokuba utya iicarbohydrate ezininzi kakhulu (ingxaki yesondlo). |
| 3. Ungenelelo lweZondlo | Njengesisombululo sengxaki echongiweyo, eli nyathelo libandakanya ukwenza isicwangciso sesondlo esilungiselelwe wena. Esi sicwangciso siquka yonke into ukususela kwinto omele uyitye yonke imihla, into omele uyiphephe, kunye nendlela yokulungiselela ukutya kwakho. |
| 4. Ukubeka iliso kunye noVavanyo | Wakuba uqalile isicwangciso, siza kuqhubeka nokusijonga ukuze sibone ukuba siyasebenza na, ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyaphucuka na, kwaye ukuba iingxelo zakho zelebhu ziyaphucuka na. Siza kwenza utshintsho kwisicwangciso ukuba kuyimfuneko. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba konke oku kwenzeka phantsi kweliso elipheleleyo likagqirha wakho. Ngoko ke musa ukuya kwenza ezi zinto wedwa, nokuba kukujonga nje kwi-intanethi okanye ukuva into ethethwa ngumntu.
Zithini iingenelo ze-MNT?
Ukuba ulandela le ndlela yonyango ngokuchanekileyo, uya kufumana iingenelo ezininzi.
- Uza kufumana kanye isondlo osidingayo ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nemiphumo yemeko yakho.
- Ingazisa izinto ezifana neswekile yegazi kunye ne-cholesterol kumanqanaba asempilweni .
- Yandisa impumelelo yonyango ukongeza kumayezaEwe, kunokwenzeka. Kunganciphisa nesidingo samayeza.
- Uza kufunda iindlela ezisebenzayo zokoyisa imiqobo ekulungiseleleni isidlo esimnandi (umz., ukungabikho kwexesha, iingxaki zemali).
- Uba negalelo elibonakalayo kwimpilo yakho.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi kolu nyango?
Ukuba nje ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho, akukho mngcipheko mkhulu ekutshintsheni ukutya kwakho. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, kunokubakho iingozi ezithile.
- Ukuba unikwa isondlo se-parenteral: Kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokuba iintsholongwane zingene egazini.
- Ukuba utyiswa ngetyhubhu: Kusenokubakho usulelo kwindawo yetyhubhu, ukudumba kwesisu, kunye nokuqhinwa.
Kodwa iqela lakho lezonyango liyikhathalele kakuhle yonke le nto, ngoko ke akukho nto ifanele ixhalabise ngayo.
Ndingenza njani ukuba olu nyango lube lula kum?
Kukho izinto onokuzenza ukuze olu hambo lube yimpumelelo.
1. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo: Musa ukuba neentloni ngeengxaki okanye imiqobo onayo (njengokungabi naxesha lokupheka, ukungakwazi ukuthenga ukutya okuthile) kwaye uthethe nogqirha wakho. Kulapho kuphela apho ungafumana khona isisombululo esifanelekileyo esikulungeleyo.
2. Gcina idayari yokutya: Bhala phantsi yonke into oyityayo noyiselayo yonke imihla, kunye namaxesha otya ngawo. Oku kuya kunceda ugqirha wakho aqonde imeko yakho.
3. Yiba nomonde: Ukutshintsha imikhwa kuthatha ixesha. Yiba nomonde. Qala ngotshintsho oluncinci.
Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nesicwangciso sakho sesondlo, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho nangaliphi na ixesha. Uza kukunika ulwalathiso olufunayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lweZondlo lwezonyango (MNT) aluyondlela yokutya nje kuphela, lunyango olukuncedayo ukulawula imeko yakho.
- Olu nyango lubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni inani lezifo ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sezintso kunye ne-cholesterol.
- Olu nyango kufuneka lwenziwe phantsi kweliso likagqirha wakho, kwaye luthathwe kuphela yingcali yesondlo. Musa ukuluzama wedwa.
- Ukuthatha kwakho inxaxheba kunye nonxibelelwano oluvulekileyo nogqirha wakho kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yolu nyango.
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