Ngaba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuhlala ethe cwaka, efunda, okanye egxile emsebenzini? Okanye wena, njengomntu omdala, ukufumanisa kunzima ukugxila emsebenzini wakho? Unobangela weengxaki ezinjalo usenokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-ADHD. Ngoko ke, elinye lamayeza aphambili anikwa oku yi-methylphenidate. Namhlanje sithetha ngezi pilisi ze-methylphenidate ezihlafunwayo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphendula yonke imibuzo onayo malunga nale mayeza.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-methylphenidate?
I-Methylphenidate liyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, okanye i-ADHD . Ngamafutshane, lisebenza ngokutshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo iikhemikhali ezithile engqondweni ukukunceda uhlale ugxile kwaye ulawule ukuziphatha okungxamisekileyo . Likudidi lweziyobisi ezibizwa ngokuba zi-stimulants.
Kodwa khumbula, ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banokukunika eli yeza nakwezinye iimeko. Ngoko ke ukuba unemibuzo, buza ugqirha wakho ngalo mba.
Izinto ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale eli yeza
Ngaphambi kokuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninike eli yeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngembali yakho epheleleyo yempilo. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba wena okanye nabani na kusapho lwakho unenye yezi meko zilandelayo:
| Udidi lwemeko/isifo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo | Ixhala, ukuhlaselwa luloyiko, ezinye izifo zengqondo, iingcinga zokuzibulala okanye ukuzama ukuzibulala (kuwe okanye kumntu okwintsapho yakho) |
| Isifo sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi | Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, iziphene zentliziyo zokuzalwa, imithambo yegazi eqinileyo okanye evalekileyo, istroke |
| Iingxaki zokujikeleza kwegazi | Iingxaki zokujikeleza kwegazi kwiminwe (izandla neenyawo) |
| Ezinye iimeko zonyango | I-glaucoma, isifo sesibindi, ukuxhuzula, isifo se-thyroid, i-phenylketonuria |
| Imikhwa nembali | Imbali yokulutha iziyobisi okanye utywala, ukuqhuba iimoto, okanye isifo sikaTourette (kweyakho okanye kusapho lwakho) |
| Ii-aleji | Ukunganyamezelani ne-methylphenidate okanye amanye amayeza, ukutya, okanye iidayi |
| Iziganeko ezikhethekileyo | Ukuba ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, okanye ungumama oncancisayo |
Ndingayisebenzisa njani kanye kanye le yeza?
Ekubeni le yipilisi ehlafunwayo, kufuneka uyihlafune kakuhle uze uyiginye . Musa ukuyiginya ngaphambi kokuba uyihlafune ngokupheleleyo. Emva koko sela iglasi yamanzi.
- Ngaphambi kokutya: Ngokuqhelekileyo kungcono ukuthatha eli yeza imizuzu engama-30-45 ngaphambi kokutya, ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ekuxelele ngenye indlela.
- Ngexesha: Ziqhelise ukuthatha amayeza akho ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla.
- Ebusuku: Ngokwesiqhelo, idosi yokugqibela yosuku kufuneka ithathwe ubuncinane iiyure ezi-4-6 ngaphambi kokulala, njengoko oku kunokuphazamisana nokulala.
- Idosi: Musa ukuyithatha rhoqo okanye ngaphezulu kunokuba ugqirha wakho ekuxelele.
Kubalulekile: Eli yeza lelakho kuphela. Musa ukunika omnye umntu iyeza lakho nangasiphi na isizathu. Liyingozi kwaye alivumelekanga.
Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba uphoswe yidosi yeyeza?
Ukuba uphoswe yidosi, yithathe ngokukhawuleza xa ukhumbula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sele kuza kufuneka uyithathe idosi elandelayo, yitsibe idosi oyiphosileyo uze uthathe idosi elandelayo ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Ungaze uthathe idosi ephindwe kabini.
Kuthekani ukuba ndithatha amayeza amaninzi kakhulu?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uthathe amayeza amaninzi kunokuba ucinga, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) esibhedlele esikufutshane okanye utsalele umnxeba iZiko loLwazi lweeTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo .
Amanye amayeza anokusebenzisana nalo mayeza (Ukusebenzisana kwamayeza)
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo (kuquka iivithamini kunye namayeza esintu), njengoko amanye amayeza anokuchaphazela eli.
| Musa ukuthatha iMethylphenidate kunye nezi. | |
|---|---|
| Ii-MAOI (uhlobo lwamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukudakumba) | Umzekelo: iCarbex, iEldepryl, iMarplan, iNardil, iParnate |
| I-Lithium | Iyeza lokugula ngengqondo |
| I-Procarbazine | Iyeza lomhlaza |
| Ezinye izinto ezikhuthazayo | Amanye amayeza okunyusa ukuphaphama, ukunciphisa ubunzima, okanye ukunciphisa ubuthongo |
| Ukuba usebenzisa i-methylphenidate kunye nezi zinto, xelela ugqirha wakho. | |
| Amanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesifo sentliziyo | I-Warfarin (i-blood thinner), i-Atomoxetine, i-Caffeine |
| Amayeza okunyanga isifo sokuwa | Umzekelo: iCarbamazepine, iPhenobarbital, iPhenytoin |
| Amayeza okudakumba/ukuxhalaba | Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa xa kukho umkhuhlane okanye i-aleji |
Zeziphi izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa usebenzisa iyeza?
- Ukuhlolwa rhoqo: Ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza, kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze ahlole imeko yakho. Ingakumbi ukuba ungumntwana, ugqirha uya kujonga rhoqo ubude bakho kunye nokukhula kobunzima bakho.
- Impembelelo ekunikeleni ingqalelo: Eli yeza linokukuchaphazela ukukwazi kwakho ukugxila okanye ukuhlala uphaphile. Ngoko ke, kuphephe ukuqhuba, ukukhwela ibhayisekile, okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini de wazi kakuhle ukuba eli yeza likuchaphazela njani.
- Ukulahlekelwa yimdla wokutya: Kuqhelekile ukuba ulahlekelwe yimdla wokutya xa uqala ukuthatha amayeza. Esinye isisombululo sokutya oku kukutya ukutya okuncinci amaxesha amaninzi ngemini kunokutya ukutya okukhulu ngaxeshanye. Ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka, xelela ugqirha wakho.
- Isilumkiso esikhethekileyo kumadoda: Ukuba uvuko lwesondo luthatha ixesha elingaphezu kweeyure ezi-4 okanye luba buhlungu, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko . Le inokuba yimeko enzima. Ukuba ayinyangwa, umonakalo ongunaphakade unokwenzeka.
- Utshintsho kwiminwe: Ukuba ufumana naziphi na izilonda ezingachazwanga, ukungakhululeki, iintlungu, utshintsho kumbala wolusu (olukhanyayo, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu), okanye ukuvakalelwa kubushushu kwiminwe okanye ezinzwaneni zakho ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngenxa yamayeza
Njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, oku kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu ozifumanayo.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha ngoko nangoko | |
|---|---|
| Ii-aleji | Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, ulwimi okanye umqala. |
| Utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo | Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungangqalanga, isiyezi, iintlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi olunyukileyo | Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, utshintsho lombono. |
| Utshintsho lwengqondo kunye nokuziphatha | Ukuxhalaba okukhulu, ukuphazamiseka, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, iingcinga zokuzibulala, imeko yengqondo ewohlokayo. |
| Istroke kubantu abadala | Ukungaziva/ubuthathaka bobuso, ingalo, okanye umlenze ngequbuliso, ubunzima bokuthetha, ubunzima bokuhamba. |
| Isiganeko sikaRaynaud | Ukubanda, ukungaziva, iintlungu, kunye notshintsho lombala kwiminwe nakwiinzwane (zimhlophe -> luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka -> zibomvu). |
| Akukho nto idla ngokukukhathaza, kodwa ukuba iyaqhubeka, xelela ugqirha wakho. | |
| Intloko ebuhlungu | Ubunzima bokulala |
| Umnqweno wokutya | Ukuhla ukusinda |
| Ixhala/ukukhathazeka | Isicaphucaphu |
Ukhusela njani amayeza akho?
- Gcina eli yeza kude nabantwana nezilwanyana zasekhaya. Eli yeza linokuba yingozi ukuba lisetyenziswe ngempazamo.
- Indawo ekhuselekileyo: Eli yeza lidla ngokusetyenziswa gwenxa, ngoko ligcine kwindawo enokukhuselwa ekubiweni.
- Indawo yokugcina:Gcina ibhotile ivaliwe kakuhle kubushushu begumbi (phakathi kwe-15-30 Celsius), kude nokukhanya nokufuma.
- Ukulahlwa: Musa ukuphosa iipilisi eziseleyo okanye eziphelelwe lixesha ngaphandle okanye endlwini yangasese. Zixube nento efana nekofu esetyenzisiweyo okanye inkunkuma yekati, zifake kwibhegi okanye kwisikhongozeli esivalwe kakuhle, uze uzilahle emgqomeni wenkunkuma.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Methylphenidate liyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-ADHD. Liphucula ingqalelo kwaye lilawula ukuziphatha okungxamayo.
- Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise amayeza, xelela ugqirha wakho imbali yakho epheleleyo yempilo, ingakumbi malunga nesifo sentliziyo kunye neengxaki zempilo yengqondo.
- Hlafuna amayeza kakuhle, uwathathe ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nanjengoko ugqirha eyalele. Musa ukuwathatha ebusuku.
- Ukuba ufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu (iintlungu zesifuba eziqatha, utshintsho lwengqondo, ukusabela kwi-allergy), funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Eli yeza lelakho kuphela. Ligcine likhuselekile kwaye lingabikho ebantwaneni nakwabanye abantu.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nale yeza, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.
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