Ngaba ukhe weva ngesifo esingaqhelekanga esibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi inciphe engqondweni? (Isifo sikaMoyamoya) Masithethe ngaso!

Ngaba wakha waba nentloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso, okanye uzive ngathi unesiphene kwelinye icala lomzimba wakho? Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho izizathu ezibangela ezi zinto ongenakukwazi nokuzicinga. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko yezonyango engaqhelekanga kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu. Ibizwa ngokuba yiMoyamoya Disease . Eli gama livakala lingaqhelekanga, akunjalo? Masibone ukuba yintoni.

Yintoni isifo sikaMoyamoya?

Ngamafutshane, isifo seMoyamoya sisifo esichaphazela imithambo yegazi engqondweni yakho. Ngokuchanekileyo, sisifo semithambo yegazi . Imithambo yegazi ephambili ehambisa igazi engqondweni yakho yimithambo yegazi ye-carotid , ehamba ukusuka emacaleni entamo yakho ukuya engqondweni yakho. Kwesi sifo, enye okanye zombini ezi mithambo yegazi iyancitshiswa okanye ivaleke ngokupheleleyo kancinci kancinci. Ingachaphazela nemithambo yegazi yobuchopho , ehambisa igazi kwiindawo zangaphambili neziphakathi zobuchopho bakho.

Cinga nje, malunga nesibini kwisithathu somphambili wobuchopho bethu sinikwa igazi kunye neoksijini yile mithambo yegazi iphambili. Ngoko ke kwenzeka ntoni xa le mithambo yegazi incipha? Ubungakanani begazi kunye neoksijini efunekayo engqondweni buyancipha. Kufana nokuba xa umbhobho wamanzi uvalekile, ukuhamba kwamanzi kuyehla.

Ngoku imizimba yethu iyamangalisa. Xa umthambo wegazi omkhulu uvalekile ngolu hlobo, ingqondo izama ukulungisa ingxaki ngokwenza imithambo yegazi emitsha emincinci. Kodwa le mithambo yegazi mitsha ayinamandla njengemithambo yegazi ephambili. Idla ngokuba buthathaka kwaye incinci . Kufana nendlela enkulu evalekileyo kwaye izithuthi zijikwa kwiindlela ezincinci ezisecaleni. Le mithambo yegazi mincinci isenokungakwazi ukunika ingqondo igazi elaneleyo. Kwakhona, le mithambo yegazi ibuthathaka ngamanye amaxesha inokugqabhuka. Oku kunokubangela ukopha kwegazi engqondweni kunye nokubetha .

Lithetha ukuthini igama elithi "Moyamoya"?

Igama elithi "Moyamoya" ligama lesiJapan. Lithetha "umsi womsi" okanye "njengomsi womsi." Oogqirha baseJapan baba ngabokuqala ukufumanisa esi sifo. Xa benza iskeni ekhethekileyo yemithambo yegazi, ebizwa ngokuba yi-angiogram , babona ukuba imithambo yegazi emincinci esandula ukwakheka yayigobile njengemiphunga yomsi, okanye imiphunga yomsi. Yiyo loo nto esi sifo sabizwa ngokuba "sisifo sikaMoyamoya." Asilogama limangalisayo elo?

Ingaba inqabile kangakanani iSifo seMoyamoya?

Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga ngokwenene. Sixhaphake kakhulu eJapan. Kuthiwa kukho abantu abamalunga nabahlanu kwikhulu lamawaka abafumana esi sifo. Kwanakwilizwe elifana neMelika, kukho abantu abangaphantsi kwama-5,000 abanaso esi sifo. Ngoko ke kunokuthiwa oku kunqabile kakhulu naseSri Lanka. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, izigulane ezinjalo ziyaxelwa.

Zithini iimpawu zeSifo sikaMoyamoya?

Iimpawu zesi sifo zibangelwa kukuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi engqondweni. Rhoqo, xa uqala ukuqaphela esi sifoXa kusenzeka istroke, okanye xa kukho uthotho lwee- transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) . Ezi TIA ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba zii-"mini-stroke" ngoogqirha. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni kuyaphazamiseka okwethutyana kuze kubuyiselwe. Kodwa esi sisilumkiso.

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Ukopha kwegazi ebuchotsheni: Oku kunokubangelwa kukuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi emincinci ebuthathaka esikhankanyileyo ngaphambili.
• Intloko ebuhlungu: Iintloko ezibuhlungu ezihlala zikho, ngamanye amaxesha zinokubakho rhoqo.
• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula: Ingakumbi ukuba abantwana abancinci bafumana esi sifo, ukukhula kwabo kusenokucotha kunabanye abantwana.
• I-Aneurysm: Ukudumba okufana nebhaluni kwinxalenye yomthambo wegazi. Oku kunokudubula.
• Iintshukumo ezingafunekiyo: Ukushukuma okungalawulekiyo kwezinto ezifana namalungu omzimba.
• Iingxaki ngezakhono zokuqonda: Umzekelo, ubunzima bokufunda, ukukhumbula, kunye nokugxila.
• Iingxaki zeemvakalelo: Utshintsho ekuboneni, ekuveni, ekuvayo, ekuchukumiseni nasekunambitheni lunokwenzeka.
• Ukuxhuzula: Iimeko ezifana nokuxhuzula.

Usenokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu. Asinguye wonke umntu oza kuba nazo ezi mpawu ngendlela efanayo.

Yintoni ebangela isifo seMoyamoya?

Enyanisweni, abaphandi abakakwazi ukufumana ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela esi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, kufunyenwe ukuba sinefuthe lemfuza , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha sinokuba yimeko efunyenweyo ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Uphando lusenziwa kwiimfuza ezinokudlulisela esi sifo kubazali ukuya ebantwaneni. Kwakhona kucingelwa ukuba izinto ezithile ezifana nokudumba okanye usulelo emzimbeni zinokusibangela.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi mpawu zeMoyamoya zinokuvela nakwezinye iimeko zempilo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiMoyamoya syndrome okanye iMoyamoya phenomenon. Umzekelo:

• I-Down syndrome
• Isifo seGraves ( isifo esinxulumene ne-thyroid gland)
• Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 1 (imeko yemfuza)
• Isifo seSickle Cell ( isifo segazi)
• I-atherosclerosis (ukugcinwa kwamafutha kwimithambo yegazi)

Abantu abanezinye izifo ezifana nezi banamathuba amaninzi okufumana iimpawu zeMoyamoya.

Ngaba isifo sikaMoyamoya sisekelwe kwimfuza?

Ewe, abaphandi bafumene i-RNF213Utshintsho, okanye utshintsho, kwi-gene ebizwa ngokuba yi-RNF213 lunokuba negalelo kwezinye iimeko ze-fibromyalgia. Kukholelwa ukuba iproteni eveliswa yile gene, i-RNF213, ibandakanyeka ekuphuhlisweni kwemithambo yegazi.

Malunga ne-15% yabantu baseJapan abanesifo seMoyamoya banelungu losapho elinaso esi sifo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba sinxulumene nemfuza. Nangona kunjalo, indlela echanekileyo yofuzo ayikacaci.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana isifo seMoyamoya?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga. Nangona isifo seMoyamoya, esibangelwa zizinto zemfuza, sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu baseJapan, ngoku sibikwa nakwezinye iintlanga.

Nangona izazinzulu zingakaqondi unobangela ochanekileyo, abafazi banamathuba aphindwe kabini okufumana esi sifo kunamadoda.

Isifo sikaMoyamoya sinokukhula nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neli-10 kunye nabantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-50 banokuba sesi sifo.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zesi sifo?

Ukuba isifo seMoyamoya asinyangwa kakuhle, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zinokubakho. Ezi ziquka:

• Ukukhubazeka komzimba
• Iingxaki zokubona
• Iingxaki zentetho
• Iingxaki zokunyakaza
• Ukonakala kwengqondo okungapheliyo

Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela nokunyanga esi sifo ngokukhawuleza.

Uyazi njani ukuba unesifo seMoyamoya?

Ukuba uneempawu zesifo seMoyamoya, ugqirha uza kukuxilonga aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Emva koko, ukuba kukho isikrokro sokuba isifo seMoyamoya, banokuyalela uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• I-Cerebral arteriography: Kolu vavanyo, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci, ebizwa ngokuba yi-catheter, kumthambo osengalweni okanye emlenzeni wakho. Emva koko kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo olune-iodine (idayi yokungafani) egazini nge-catheter. Emva koko kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonwe indlela olu lwelo oluhamba ngayo kwimithambo yegazi. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ukuba imincinci kangakanani imithambo yegazi kunye nendlela igazi elihamba ngayo.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA): Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu olusebenzisa i-magnetic field, amaza erediyo, kunye nekhompyutha ukujonga imithambo yegazi yakho.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Le yindlela efana ne-MRA. Ithatha imifanekiso yangaphakathi emzimbeni wakho kwaye inokuvavanya imiphumo yesifo engqondweni yakho.

Olu vavanyo luvumela oogqirha ukuba baxele ukuba unesifo sikaMoyamoya okanye akunjalo.

Zithini izigaba zeSifo sikaMoyamoya?

Isifo sikaMoyamoya sisifo esiqhubekekayo.Isifo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba asinyangwa, esi sifo siya kuba sibi kancinci kancinci. Oogqirha basebenzisa udidi olubizwa ngokuba yi "Suzuki stages" ukuchaza ubunzulu besifo. Basebenzisa ulwazi oluvela kwi-MRA scan ukufumanisa ukuba leliphi inqanaba lesifo okuso. La manqanaba eSuzuki, ngamazwi alula, ngala alandelayo:

• Inqanaba loku-1: Kukho ukuncitshiswa okanye ukuvaleka kuphela kwinxalenye engaphakathi ye-carotid artery.
• Inqanaba lesi-2: Onke amasebe e-apical e-carotid artery aqalile ukuncipha. Ezo mithambo yegazi "inomsi" (ezincinci, ezibonakala ngathi zinomsi) azibonakali kakuhle kwi-angiogram.
• Inqanaba lesi-3: Imithambo yegazi ibonakala ngokucacileyo kwi-angiogram. Ungayibona ngokucacileyo loo mbonakalo "yomsi".
• Inqanaba lesi-4: Imithambo yegazi engqondweni iqala ukuncipha kancinci kancinci. Endaweni yayo, imithambo yegazi eyahlukileyo (imithambo yegazi eguquguqukayo) iqala ukwakheka.
• Inqanaba lesi-5: Inani lemithambo yegazi liyancipha ngakumbi, kwaye kuvela eminye imithambo yegazi eyahlukileyo.
• Inqanaba lesi-6: Imithambo yegazi ebuchotsheni iphantse yanyamalala ngokupheleleyo. Umthambo we-carotid unciphile okanye uvalekile ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuqonda la manqanaba ngokuchanekileyo kunceda oogqirha ukuba bacebe unyango.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zeSifo sikaMoyamoya?

Xa unyanga isifo seMoyamoya, injongo ephambili kukulawula iimpawu kunye nokuzama ukuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza athile:

• I-Aspirin: I-Aspirin inceda ekuthinteleni okanye ekunciphiseni amahlwili egazi kuloo mithambo yegazi mincinci nebuthathaka esandula ukwakheka.
• Amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula: La mayeza anikwa ukuthintela ukuxhuzula okubangelwa kukuxhuzula.
• Ii-Anticoagulants: Ezi zi-blood thinners. Zinceda ekuthinteleni ukujiya kwegazi. Nangona kunjalo, la mayeza anomngcipheko, wokuba ukuba kukho ukopha, kunokuba nzima ukuyeka. Ke ngoko, oogqirha banika ezi pilisi ngononophelo, kuphela kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo.
• Izithinteli zeCalcium channel: Ezi zinokunceda ekunciphiseni iintloko ezibangelwa yimigraines. Nangona kunjalo, la mayeza anokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, nto leyo enokunyusa umngcipheko westroke. Ke ngoko, asetyenziswa kuphela kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo.

Kodwa khumbula, la mayeza awanakukuthintela ukucutheka kwemithambo yegazi. Ke ngoko, isifo sinokuba mandundu kancinci kancinci. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba wenze utyando lwe-bypass . Olu tyando:

• Ukudala indlela entsha yegazi ngokuthintela umthambo ovalekileyo kunye nokusebenzisa imithambo ephilileyo entlokweni.
• Ukuqondisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo zobuchopho.
• Ukuvula imithambo yegazi emincinci.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ngokweenkcukacha ukuba loluphi utyando olufanele imeko yakho, iziphumo zalo ezingalindelekanga, kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho.

Ngaba isifo sikaMoyamoya singathintelwa?

Akukho ndlela iqinisekisiweyo yokuthintela iMoyamoya syndrome, ebangelwa zizinto zemfuza. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko wokufumana iMoyamoya syndrome unokuncipha ngokulawula izinto ezinobungozi ezinxulumene nemithambo yegazi kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-atherosclerosis .

Kwakhona, ukuba unesifo seMoyamoya, ukuthatha amayeza owalelwe ngugqirha wakho kanye njengoko eyalelwe kunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho nokuthintela iingxaki.

Yintoni enokulindelwa ngumntu onesi sifo?

Kwabaninzi, isifo sikaMoyamoya siya siwohloka kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Njengoko imithambo yegazi incipha, banokuba nestroke . Ukuba asinyangwa, isifo sikaMoyamoya sinokukhokelela kumonakalo omkhulu wemithambo-luvo, istroke, kwanokufa.

Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuhlala bezinzile iminyaka emininzi bengenazo iimpawu. Xa iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala, ugqirha angacebisa ukuba kwenziwe utyando.

Ingakanani iminyaka yobomi bomntu onesifo sikaMoyamoya?

Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye unyango luqala ngokukhawuleza, abantu abanesifo sikaMoyamoya banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba asinyangwa, esi sifo sinokubulala. Yiyo loo nto ukuxilongwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango kubaluleke kangaka.

Umntu onesifo seMoyamoya kufuneka afune nini uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo?

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu zestroke , kufuneka ufune uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza . Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu apha.

I-American Stroke Association isebenzisa isifinyezo esibizwa ngokuba yi-FAST ukuze kube lula ukuba abantu bakhumbule. Makhe sijonge ukuba ithetha ukuthini ngesiSinhala:

• F - Ubuso obuwileyo: Ngaba elinye icala lobuso bakho livakala lingenamsebenzi? Ukuba uzama ukuncuma, ngaba elinye icala lobuso bakho liyawa?
• A - Ubuthathaka bengalo: Ngaba ungaziphakamisa zombini iingalo? Ngaba ingalo enye iyehla?
• S - Ubunzima bokuthetha: Ngaba intetho yakho ayicacanga? Okanye iyacotha? Ungaphinda isivakalisi esilula?
• T - Ixesha lokufowunela iinkonzo zongxamiseko: Ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu zestroke, fowunela u-911 ngoko nangoko uze ufumane i-ambulensi, okanye uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu!

Ezinye iimpawu zestroke zingabandakanya ukuqala ngequbuliso kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukudideka
• Ukungabi nangqondo kwelinye icala lomzimba
• Iingxaki zokubona
• Ubunzima bokuhamba
• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu

Isifo sikaMoyamoya sisifo esingaqhelekanga esinokukhokelela kwistroke kunye nokopha kwegazi ebuchotsheni. Nangona abaphandi bengekafumani unobangela ochanekileyo, sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu baseJapan. Ukuba uneempawu zeMoyamoya, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango lweSifo sikaMoyamoya kunokuba ngumahluko phakathi kobomi nokufa. Kubalulekile ukwazi iimpawu zestroke kwaye uthathe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza ukuba ziyenzeka.

Isishwankathelo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyaqonda iSifo seMoyamoya esithethe ngaso namhlanje. Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga esibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi ebuchotsheni inciphe.
• Iimpawu ezinje ngestroke , intloko ebuhlungu , kunye nokuxhuzula zinokubakho.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela nokunyanga esi sifo ngokukhawuleza.
• Unyango lubandakanya amayeza, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko , utyando lwe-bypass .
• Ukuqaphela iimpawu zestroke (FAST) kunokusindisa ubomi.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unale mpawu, nceda ucele ingcebiso kugqirha. Ungakhathazeki, kukho izisombululo zayo yonke into. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwenza ngokukhawuleza.

Moyamoya , izifo zobuchopho, isifo sohlangothi, imithambo yegazi, izifo zemithambo-luvo, izifo zofuzo, iintloko ezibuhlungu