Ngaba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuqonda izinto ezithile? Ngaba loo nto yingxaki yokufunda ngaphandle kwamazwi?

Ngaba umntwana wakho ngamanye amaxesha unengxaki yokuqonda izinto eziqondwa lula ngabanye abantwana? Okanye kuthatha ixesha elide kunabanye ukwenza imisebenzi elula, njengokubopha imitya yezihlangu okanye ukufunda ukukhwela ibhayisekile? Mhlawumbi kukho into engasemva kwezi zinto esingayaziyo ngokwenene. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenye yeemeko ezinjalo, iNonverbal Learning Disability (NVLD) .

Yintoni ukukhubazeka kokufunda okungengomlomo (NVLD)?

Ngamafutshane, i-NVLD (Nonverbal Learning Disability) yimeko echaphazela amandla omntwana wakho okuqonda nokusebenzisa oko akubonayo, oko kukuthi, ulwazi olubonakalayo kunye nolwazi lwendawo. Kwimeko enjalo, umntwana unobunzima obuncinci bokuqonda izinto ezibonakalayo ezimngqongileyo, okanye ukuqonda ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto kwindawo ethile. Ngamanye amaxesha, aba bantwana banokuba nomngeni ekucingeni ngengqondo ingcamango, okanye ukusombulula iingxaki ezifuna ukusonjululwa engqondweni yabo. Khawuthelekelele, xa umntwana wakho ebamba ibhola phambi kwakhe, okanye xa umhlobo emjonga emangalisiwe, ingqondo ifuna uphawu oluncinci ukuze iqonde loo ntetho kwaye iphendule ngokufanelekileyo.

Zithini izakhono zokubona izinto ngeliso lenyama?

Oogqirha babiza oku ngokuba zizakhono ze-visuospatial . Nangona kunokuvakala njengegama elihle, kuthetha nje ukuba ingqondo yomntwana wakho iyakwazi ukucubungula nantoni na eyibonayo nangaliphi na ixesha - nokuba yibhola eza kuye okanye ubuso bomhlobo obumangalisiweyo - kwaye iyazi into ekufuneka iyenze xa iphendula. Umzekelo, ukuqonda okunzulu kunye nokulungelelanisa isandla neliso ziinkalo ezithile zezi zakhono ze-visuospatial.

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-NVLD, ingqondo yakhe inengxaki yokuqonda into ayibonayo nendlela yokuyilungisa. Oku kunokubangela imingeni kwiindawo ezininzi zobomi bakhe - ukusuka emsebenzini wesikolo ukuya ekusebenzisaneni nabahlobo. Kodwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso, le meko inokulawulwa.

I-NVLD ikwaziwa ngokuba yi -developmental visuospatial disorder . Abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba eli gama liyichaza ngokuchanekileyo imeko. Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-"nonverbal learning disorder" endaweni ye-"disability," kodwa ezi zimeko zifanayo.

Zithini iimpawu zomntwana one-NVLD?

Ezi ngxaki ze-visuospatial zezona mpawu ziphambili ze-NVLD. Kodwa ukukwazi ukujongana noko ukubonayo kubalulekile kwizinto ezininzi umntwana wakho afuna okanye afuna ukuzenza. Oku kuquka ukufunda, ukunxulumana noontanga bakhe, ukudlala, kunye nokuhamba ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye.

Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho angabonakalisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ezingahambelaniyo. Umzekelo:

• Ubunzima bokusombulula iingxaki zezibalo ezinzima.
• Ubunzima ekunxibelelaneni nabantu.
• Ukungakhathali okanye ukungakhathali kwindawo yokudlala.

Olu bunzima bokuqonda izinto ezibonakalayo esithubeni nasexesheni bunokuchaphazela iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bomntwana ezinokubonakala zinganxulumananga.

Umntwana wakho usenokuba nobunzima kweminye yale misebenzi ilandelayo:

• Ukubopha imitya yezihlangu.
• Ukufunda ukukhwela ibhayisekile.
• Ukusika iimilo ngesikere.
• Ukwenza iiphazili.
• Ukufumana indlela echanekileyo kwi-maze.
• Ukubamba okanye ukuphosa ibhola.
• Ukukhumbula into oyibonileyo uze uyizobe kwakhona.
• Ukucinga ukuba into ethile ibiya kubonakala njani ukuba ijongwa ngenye indlela.
• Ukufumana indlela yakho ngokujonga imaphu.
• Ukwenza ijometri, okanye ukuqonda amaqhezu.
• Ukuqonda imbonakalo yobuso okanye ulwimi lomzimba.
• Ukuqonda ulwimi olufanekisayo.
• Ukwahlulahlula umsebenzi omkhulu ube ziinxalenye ezincinci uze uwenze.

Khumbula, olu luhlu aluphelelanga, kodwa luquka ezinye zeempawu ezichongiweyo ngabaphandi.

Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba abantwana abane-NVLD banezakhono zokuthetha eziphakathi okanye ezingaphezulu komndilili. Oku kuthetha ukuba bayakwazi ukuthetha nokufunda. Kodwa kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba olu luphawu lwe-NVLD.

Zithini izizathu ze-NVLD?

Abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela i-NVLD, kodwa bakholelwa ukuba ibangelwa lutshintsho kwisakhiwo sobuchopho kunye/okanye ukusebenza kwayo. Oko kuthetha ukuba i-NVLD sisifo sophuhliso lwemithambo-luvo , okanye imeko echaphazela indlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yomntwana wakho.

Njengoko uphando luqhubeka, siza kufunda okungakumbi ngale nto. Ezinye izifundo zithatha imifanekiso yobuchopho babantu abane-NVLD nabangenayo kwaye zikhangele ukufana nokwahluka. Ezinye izifundo zithelekisa abantu abane-NVLD nabantu abanezinye iingxaki zophuhliso lwe-neurodevelopmental, ezifana ne -autism okanye i-ADHD . Abaphandi bafuna ukufunda ngeempawu eziqhelekileyo zezi meko, kunye nezizathu kunye nezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo kwi-NVLD.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-NVLD?

Oogqirha baxilonga i-NVLD ngokuthetha nawe ngomntwana wakho. Baza kubuza ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki enjani, yintoni oyibonileyo, kwaye uqali nini ukuyibona le mpawu. Ngemvume yakho, oogqirha banokuthetha nomntwana wakho, ootitshala babo, okanye abanye abantu.

Akukho migaqo imiselweyo yokuxilonga i-NVLD. Kungenxa yokuba i-NVLD ayisiyonto isemthethweni yokuxilonga kwi -Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) , incwadi oogqirha abayisebenzisayo ukuchonga iingxaki zophuhliso lwe-neurodevelopmental kunye nempilo yengqondo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba le meko iya kubandakanywa kwiinguqulelo ezizayo ze-DSM. Kuthatha iingcali ixesha elide kunye namanyathelo amaninzi ukongeza imeko kwi-DSM.

Nangona i-NVLD ingekafumaneki njengonyango olusemthethweni, oogqirha baya kugqiba ukuba umntwana wakho uyahambelana na ne-"NVLD profile." Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu zale meko kwaye angazuza kwizibonelelo ezifunekayo kunye nenkxaso, oogqirha baya kuyiqwalasela loo nto.

Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano nezinye iimeko? (Iimeko ezidibanayo)

Oogqirha banokukhangela neempawu zezinye iimeko zophuhliso lwemithambo-luvo, ezifana ne -autism , iingxaki zokufunda ezithile, okanye i-ADHD . Oku kungenxa yokuba abanye abantwana abane-NVLD banokuba nenye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi meko zibakho kunye.

Ugqirha womntwana wakho uza kukuxelela ngqo indlela aza kuxilonga ngayo (okanye asuse imeko). Oogqirha badla ngokumjonga umntwana wakho ngelixa edlala okanye esenza eminye imisebenzi elula. Banokwenza nezinto ezifana nokuthetha nomntwana wakho nokudlala naye. Uza kubandakanyeka kwinyathelo ngalinye, kwaye oko ukwaziyo ngomntwana wakho kuya kunceda ukukhokela inkqubo.

Ngaba i-NVLD yinxalenye ye-autism spectrum?

Hayi, i-NVLD ayifani ne-autism okanye inxalenye ye-autism spectrum. I-NVLD yimeko eyahlukileyo echazwa yimingeni ngolwazi olubonakalayo nolwendawo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantwana abane-autism banokuba ne-NVLD.

Iphathwa njani i-NVLD?

Oogqirha baya kulungelelanisa unyango ngokweemfuno zomntwana wakho. Banokucebisa unyango oluthile, olufana nonyango lomsebenzi, ukunceda umntwana wakho akwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Amaqela ezakhono zentlalo anokunceda umntwana wakho afunde indlela yokusebenzisana noontanga bakhe nokuqonda imbonakalo yobuso kunye nolwimi lomzimba.

Kwakhona, ukuba kukho ezinye iimeko ezihambisanayo, oogqirha banokucebisa unyango okanye unyango olunokunceda. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwisifo somntwana wakho kunye neemfuno zakhe.

Liza kuba njani ikamva kubantwana abane-NVLD?

Ikamva lomntwana wakho lixhomekeke kubunzima bokukhubazeka kwakhe kokubona kunye nazo naziphi na iimeko ezihambisanayo. Kukho unyango kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo zokunceda umntwana wakho alawule olu tshintsho lobuchopho aze asebenzise amandla akhe ngokupheleleyo. Ugqirha wakho wezingane angakuxelela okungakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni elungele umntwana wakho kunye nento anokuyilindela. Banokukubonisa ukuba uxhase uluntu apho unokunxibelelana nabazali babantwana abane-NVLD kunye/okanye abantu abadala abane-NVLD.

Ukukhubazeka Kokufunda Okungengomlomo , okanye isifo sokukhula kwengqondo, yindawo yophando ekhulayo. Siyaqhubeka nokufunda okungakumbi malunga ne-NVLD kunye neendlela zokunceda abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abanale meko.

Ndifanele ndifune nini iingcebiso zonyango malunga nomntwana wam?

Thetha nogqirha wezingane zakho nanini na xa unemibuzo okanye inkxalabo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho okanye nantoni na enxulumene nempilo-ntle yakhe. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba umsa umntwana wakho kuzo zonke iimviwo zakhe eziqhelekileyo . Ezi mvavanyo zezona zivumela oogqirha ukuba babone naluphi na ukulibaziseka kokukhula okanye ukukhubazeka kwaye bacebise iindlela zokunceda umntwana wakho.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Ungafunda okungakumbi ngokubuza imibuzo yakho yezingane efana nale:

• Ungandixelela ntoni ngokukhubazeka kokufunda okungengomlomo?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndiziqaphele kumntwana wam?
• Yintoni ekufuneka uyenze ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa kwe-NVLD?
• Ndingaxhasa njani iimfuno zomntwana wam?
• Zeziphi iindlela zonyango kunye nezixhobo ozicebisayo?

Ukukhubazeka kokufunda ngaphandle kwamazwi kunokuchaphazela iinkalo ezininzi zobomi bomntwana wakho. Rhoqo, kuyamchaphazela ngeendlela umntwana angenakuzichaza. Xa umntwana erhoxa kumsebenzi othile okanye ehla ngequbuliso kumanqaku, kunokuba nzima ukwazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni engqondweni yakhe.

Uphuhliso lomntwana yinkqubo enzima neguquguqukayo. Zininzi izizathu zolu tshintsho. Kodwa ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakala enengxaki ngemisebenzi yokubona, i-NVLD inokuba yimbangela enye. Ugqirha wakho wezingane unokukuxelela okungakumbi ngale nto aze akuncede uqonde izixhobo ezikhoyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomntwana wakho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo esifuna ukuyithatha kweli bali (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masikhumbule ezinye zezona ngongoma zibalulekileyo koko sithethe ngako:

• I-NVLD yimeko echaphazela ubuchule bomntwana bokuqonda izinto ezibonakalayo kunye nendawo. Ayichaphazeli unxibelelwano ngomlomo..
• Oku kunokubangela ubunzima kuyo yonke into ukusuka ekubopheni imitya yezihlangu ukuya ekuqondeni imbonakalo yobuso babahlobo.
• Oku akusiyo i-autism , kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuhambisana ne-autism.
• Nangona unobangela ochanekileyo ungaziwa, kukholelwa ukuba unxulumene notshintsho kwindlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo .
• Ngokuchongwa okufanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso (umz. unyango lomsebenzi), umntwana angancedwa ukuba aphile ubomi obusempilweni.
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uxhalabile ngomntwana wakho, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha wabantwana . Okukhona ufumanisa into kwangethuba, kokukhona kulula ukumnceda.

Ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Inyathelo lokuqala kukwazi ezi meko.

` I-NVLD, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, izakhono zokubona indawo, uphuhliso lomntwana, iingxaki zophuhliso lwe-neurological, ingcebiso yobuzali, impilo yomntwana