Ingaba kukwenzakala okunzulu kwamehlo? (Open Globe Injury) Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ngendlela amehlo ethu anovakalelo kwaye axabiseke ngayo? Kwanengozi encinci inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu emehlweni. Ngamanye amaxesha xa into isenzeka emehlweni, isenokubonakala ngathi ayikho nzulu kangako, kodwa inokuba yimeko enzima kakhulu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokwenzakala okuyingozi kakhulu okunokwenzeka emehlweni. Oogqirha bakubiza oku ngokuthi `(Open Globe Injury)`. Ngamafutshane, kufana neliso eliqhekekileyo.

Yintoni le `(Open Globe Injury)`? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Ngamafutshane, "Ukulimala kweGlobe evulekileyo" kuxa iliso lethu - oko kukuthi, i-leso, oogqirha abayibiza ngokuba yi-"globe" - libethelwa yinto eqinileyo, okanye into ebukhali inamathele kulo, nto leyo ebangela ukuqhekeka okanye umngxuma kububanzi bonke bodonga lweliso. Cinga ngayo njengebhola encinci eqhumayo. Xa oko kusenzeka, udonga lweliso alusavalwanga ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuvumela izicubu ezithambileyo ngaphakathi kweliso ukuba ziphume.

Udonga lweliso lethu lwenziwe ngamacandelo amabini. Elinye yinxalenye emhlophe , ekuthiwa ngoogqirha yi-'(Sclera)'. Elinye yinxalenye ecacileyo engaphambili kweliso, ebizwa ngokuba yi-cornea . '(Ingozi ye-Open Globe)' yenzeka xa isilonda sidlula kubukhulu obupheleleyo be-cornea, i-sclera, okanye zombini.

Kubalulekile: Oku kwahlukile kakhulu kwaye kunzulu ngakumbi kuneliso elikrwelekileyo!

Ukukrweleka kwamehlo, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-"Corneal Abrasion"`, kukukrweleka okuncinci okwenzeka kuphela kumphezulu we-cornea. Uninzi lwexesha, akukubi kangako. Nangona kunjalo, i-"Open Globe Injury"` yinxeba elinzulu kakhulu nelibi kakhulu.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zale `(Open Globe Injury)`?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zale ngozi kuxhomekeke kwindlela eyenzeka ngayo:

• Ukuqhekeka kweGlobe: Oku kwenzeka xa iliso libetheka kakhulu yinto ethe nkqo (engacacanga), njengokubetheka yibhola enzima.
• Ukuqhekeka kweglobe okujiyileyo: Oku kwenzeka xa iliso lisikwa yinto ebukhali.
• Ukungena kweglobe: Oku kwenzeka xa into ebukhali inamathela esweni ize ihlale ngaphakathi kweliso.
• Ukugqobhoka kweglobe: Nalapha, into ebukhali ingena elisweni, kodwa idlula elisweni ize iphume, okanye idlulele kwenye indawo ngaphakathi kweliso iye kwenye.

Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, ungalibali ukuba ekubeni inxalenye yodonga lwamehlo ivuliwe, izinto ezingaphakathi kweliso zinokuphuma.

Ngubani onokuba neengozi ezinje?

Enyanisweni, nabani na anokufumana "i-Open Globe Injury". Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonise ukuba amadoda asengozini enkulu . Ngokukodwa, amadoda aselula angaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 anamathuba aphindwe kabini okufumana le meko kunamadoda angaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40.

Kwakhona, ukuba ukhe watyandwa iliso ngaphambili – umzekelo, utyando lwe-cataract, utyando lwe-glaucoma, okanye ukufakelwa i-cornea – usemngciphekweni omkhulu kancinci. Oku kungenxa yokuba izicwili ezikhuselayo zeliso ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba buthathaka kancinci kwiindawo apho utyando lwenziwe khona.

Zithini iimpawu ze-"Open Globe Injury"? Uyibona njani loo nto?

Iimpawu zale ngozi zingahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye, kodwa ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Kukho intlungu eqatha emehlweni .
• Usenokulahlekelwa ngumbono okanye umbono wakho ungabonakali kakuhle.
• Ulwelo olumanzi lunokuphuma emehlweni.
• Ungabona nenxeba elibonakalayo ngaphezulu kwenkophe.
• Ungayibona izicubu ezingaphakathi kweliso ziphuma . Olu luphawu olubalulekileyo kakhulu.

Yintoni ebangela ingozi enjalo?

Makhe sijonge izizathu eziphambili zale `(i-Open Globe Injury)`:

• Ukuwa: Ingakumbi ukuba uwa uze ubetheke entloko. Oku kuqhelekile kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-75 ubudala. Lumka ukuba kukho iindawo ezityibilikayo okanye izinto ezinokukukhubekisa.
• Izixhobo ezibukhali ezifana nezikere: Le yinto ekufuneka uyilumkele kakhulu kumakhaya anabantwana abancinci. Musa ukushiya izinto ezifana nezikere neemela apho zinokuzifumana lula khona.
• Ukulwa: Oku kunokwenzeka xa ubethwa entloko, oko kukuthi, xa ukhatywa ngesandla sakho.
• Iingozi zezithuthi kunye neengozi zoomatshini bemizi-mveliso: Le meko inokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba iziqwenga ezincinci zezinto eziphoswa ngesantya esiphezulu kwiindawo zokusebenza, okanye ukubanjwa ngumatshini ngokwawo.
• I-Shrapnel: Izinto ezifana neziqwenga ze-gunpowder.
• Iimbumbulu.
• Ukuqhuma: Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu nokuba ukhanyisa iifirecrackers.
• Ukuhlaba.
• UBilly Hook: Abo baya kuloba kufuneka balumke ngale nto.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-"Open Globe Injury"?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokwenzakala kakhulu emehlweni ngolu hlobo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo omawuyenze kukungachukumisi, ukucinezela, okanye ukuhlikihla iliso lakho nangasiphi na isizathu. Ukwenza njalo kunokuyenza imeko ibe mandundu. Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wamehlo okanye uye kwicandelo elikufutshane lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza.

Ugqirha uza kuhlola iliso lakho, amamele iimpawu zakho, aze mhlawumbi acinge ukuba kukho "i-Open Globe Injury" ngokusekelwe kwindlela elibukeka ngayo iliso lakho. Ngamanye amaxesha i-"Ultrasound" okanye i-"Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)" inokwenziwa, kodwa kuphela emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ziqwenga zesinyithi ngaphakathi kweliso. Kuba ukuba kukho iziqwenga zesinyithi, i-"MRI" inokuba yingozi.

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ugqirha uza kukubuza iinkcukacha ezifana nendlela eyenzeke ngayo ingozi, ixesha elingakanani, kunye nokuba kwenzeke ntoni emva koko.Ngexesha lovavanyo lokuqala, akukho xinzelelo lufakwayo elisweni. Ugqirha udla ngokwenza olu vavanyo lulandelayo:

• Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-`(Slit lamp eye exam)`. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone zonke iindawo zeliso ngokucacileyo.
• Uvavanyo lwe-`(Snellen eye chart)`. Olu luvavanyo olune-"big E" oluvavanya ukuba ubona kakuhle kangakanani.
• Iskeni ye-``Computed Tomography (CT)`` yobuso bakho kunye nendawo yomhlathi.

Inyangwa njani i-"Open Globe Injury"?

(I-Open Globe Injury) yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Ukuba kukho ezinye iingozi ezisongela ubomi ezibangelwe yingozi, iqela lezonyango liza kuqala lizinyange ezo ngozi. Kulapho ke kuphela apho ugqirha wamehlo aza kuhlola iliso.

Uninzi lwe-"Open Globe Injuries" lufuna utyando. De kube lugqityiwe utyando, okanye ukuba ukwenzakala kwakho akudingi utyando (okungaqhelekanga), ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:

• Zama ukuhlala uzolile kangangoko unako.
• Ungaze uchukumise okanye ucinezele iliso lakho. Musa ukulicinezela iliso lakho.
• Khusela iliso lakho. Oogqirha baza kulikhusela.
• Musa ukwenza nantoni na ebeka uxinzelelo emehlweni akho. Oko kuthetha ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima, ukugoba, okanye ukuzibhokoxa kwindlu yangasese. Zama ukuphepha ukukhohlela okanye ukuthimla kangangoko unako. Kodwa ukuba awukwazi ukuyeka, yikhuphe. Musa ukuyibamba ikhwehlela okanye ukuthimla.
• Sela amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho ukuze uyeke ukuhlanza kwaye unciphise iintlungu njengoko kuyalelwe. (Ukuba awunikwanga amayeza kodwa usenentlungu enkulu okanye isicaphucaphu, xelela ugqirha wakho.)
• Xa usebhedini , gcina intloko yakho iphakanyisiwe malunga nama-30 degrees.
• Ukuba kuyimfuneko, fumana inaliti ye-tetanus.

Ukulimala kwe-Open Globe Injury (OGI) kudla ngonyango ngotyando olungxamisekileyo, apho i-cornea kunye ne-sclera zihlanganiswa khona. Ukuba udinga utyando, ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukuphinda afake naziphi na izicwili zamehlo ezikhululekileyo eziphume ekwenzakaleni, okanye asuse naziphi na izicwili ezonakeleyo. Baya kuzama nokubuyisela uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Emva kotyando, ugqirha uya kunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuba afakwe esweni kwaye ngamanye amaxesha athathwe ngomlomo. La mayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anikwa ukuthintela usulelo olunzima ngaphakathi kweliso, olufana ne-endophthalmitis, kunye nezinye izifo.

Ngokwesiqhelo kuthatha ubuncinane iiveki ezimbini ukuba amehlo akho aphile, kodwa kusafuneka uwakhusele kangangeeveki ezimbalwa.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba olu tyando lokuqala luncede kakhulu ekuvaleni iliso nokuqalisa inkqubo yokuphiliswa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, unokuba nokulimala okongezelelweyo (okufana nokuqhekeka kwe-retina, i-cataracts, okanye iinyembezi ze-iris). Ezi ngamanye amaxesha zinyangwa ngotyando oluzayo, emva kokuba iliso lipholile kancinci.

Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho izihlandlo ezininzi (iintlanganiso zokulandelelana) ukuze ujonge ukuba uyachacha na. Ukulandela ezi ntlanganiso kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yamehlo akho.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa umntu efumana i-"Open Globe Injury"?

Enye yezona ngozi zimbi kakhulu emehlweni yi-"Open Globe Injury". Isiphumo sixhomekeke kakhulu kuhlobo lwengozi kunye nobungakanani bomonakalo. Nazi ezinye zeengxaki ezinokubakho:

• Intlungu yamehlo engapheliyo.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ngokusisigxina okanye ukubona okufipheleyo.
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-retina.
• Ukuqhekeka kweChoroidal: Oku kunokubangela ukopha okukhulu kunye notshintsho loxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso.
• Ingxaki ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Phthisis bulbi)`. Oku kwenzeka xa umbono unciphile, uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso luphantsi, kwaye iliso "liyayeka ukusebenza" okwethutyana. Ngamafutshane, iliso liyancipha.
• Usulelo olungaphakathi kweliso (endophthalmitis). Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye kunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokubona okungapheliyo okanye kwanokulahlekelwa liliso.
• Ukususwa kweliso ngokupheleleyo. Oku kunqabile, kodwa kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo, iliso linokufuneka lisuswe ukuba ukwenzakala kukhulu kangangokuba akunakulungiswa.

Ingancitshiswa njani le ngozi?

Nangona ingezizo zonke iingozi ezinokuthintelwa, kukho amanyathelo athile okuthintela umngcipheko. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Musa ukushiya izinto ezibukhali (ezifana nezikere neemela) kufutshane nabantwana abancinci. Bafundise ukusebenzisa ezo zinto ngononophelo.
• Nxiba iiglasi zokhuseleko xa usebenza, ingakumbi xa usebenza ngoomatshini, naxa udlala imidlalo edibanisayo okanye imidlalo ekhawulezayo (umz. ikhilikithi, ibaseball).
• Lumka kakhulu xa uqhuba.
• Landela iinkqubo zokhuseleko xa usebenzisa oomatshini emsebenzini. Musa ukusebenza noomatshini xa unxilile.
• Kuphephe ukulwa ngokwasemzimbeni nabanye abantu.
• Lumka ngakumbi ukuba ukhe watyandwa iliso ngaphambili, okanye ukuba umbono wakho kwelinye iliso sele umbi kakhulu.
• Susa kwaye ugcine izinto ezinokuwa emnyango (iikhaphethi ezityibilikayo, izinto ezingafunekiyo esitalatweni). Qinisekisa ukuba kukho ukukhanya okuhle ngaphakathi endlwini.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndibe ne-"Open Globe Injury"?

Ukuba une-"Open Globe Injury", ngesiqheloKungcono ukuba kwenziwe utyando zingadlulanga iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48 emva kokwenzakala. Ixesha lokuphiliswa lixhomekeke ekubeni ingozi yokuqala yayinzima kangakanani.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Nakuphi na ukwenzakala kweliso kufanele kuthathwe njengengxaki yezonyango . Ufanele ubone ugqirha okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.

Ukuba une-"Open Globe Injury", kulungile ukubuza ugqirha wakho wamehlo ngale nto ilandelayo:

• Zeziphi izinto ekufuneka ndiziphephe?
• Ndingabuyela nini emsebenzini okanye esikolweni?
• Ndingalala njani ebhedini?
• Luhlobo luni lwemaski yamehlo endifanele ndiyisebenzise?
• Ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu endizibonayo, ngaba ndifanele ndiphinde ndiye kugqirha okanye ndiye kwigumbi longxamiseko?
• Ngabaphi oogqirha bamehlo endifanele ndibabone ukuze ndifumane unyango olongezelelekileyo? (Umzekelo, "ingcali ye-retina" ukuba i-retina yonakele, "ingcali ye-Glaucoma" ukuba uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kweliso luphezulu emva kotyando).

Khumbula, ukuba wenzakele iliso lakho xa ulwa, uwile, okanye enye ingozi, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Usenokungazi ngelo xesha ukuba "une-Open Globe Injury". Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unayo, udinga unyango olukhawulezileyo ukuze ulondoloze umbono wakho, kwaye mhlawumbi usindise iliso lakho. Kukho uncedo kule meko. Unokunceda ekuthinteleni olu hlobo lwengozi ngokuhlala unxibe isikhuselo samehlo esicetyiswayo kwaye uqhube ngokukhuselekileyo.

Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya: Masikhumbule!

Kulungile, masiphinde sichaze ezinye zezona ngongoma zibalulekileyo malunga ne-`(Open Globe Injury)` esithethe ngayo namhlanje:

• "Ukulimala kwe-Open Globe" kukwenzakala okukhulu kweliso. Kubandakanya ukukrazuka okanye ukugqobhoka kodonga lwamehlo.
• Oku kwahlukile kakhulu kwaye kuyingozi ngakumbi kunokukrwela kwamehlo okuqhelekileyo.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nentlungu enkulu yamehlo, ukulahleka kombono, okanye ukuphuma kwamanzi emehlweni , funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
• Musa ukujongana emehlweni okanye ukujonga ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Utyando olungxamisekileyo ludla ngokufuneka.
• Ukulandela amanyathelo okhuseleko (ukunxiba iiglasi zokhuseleko, ukusebenzisa izinto ezibukhali ngononophelo) kunokunceda ukuthintela iingozi ezinjalo.

Amehlo akho axabiseke kakhulu. Ngoko ke, luxanduva lwakho ukuwanyamekela. Ukuba kukho into ekwehlelayo, musa ukuxhalaba okanye ukoyika, kodwa funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ukulimala kweGlobe evulekileyo , Ukulimala kwamehlo, iingozi zamehlo, ukukrazula kwamehlo, unyango lwamehlo olungxamisekileyo, ukulahleka kombono, utyando lwamehlo