Masifunde ngeempawu zokurhoxa ezibakho xa uyeka ukusebenzisa ii-opioids!

Usenokuba ukhe weva, okanye wazibonela ngokwakho, ukuba ukuyeka amayeza athile okudambisa iintlungu okanye amanye amayeza ngequbuliso kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Usenokuziva unesiyezi, udidekile, kwaye unesiyezi. Yiloo nto kanye eyenzekayo xa uyeka ngequbuliso ukusebenzisa ii-opioids. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha.

Zithini ezi opioid? Kutheni kunzima kangaka ukuziyeka?

Ngamafutshane, ii-opioids liqela leentlungu ezibuhlungu ezinamandla kakhulu. Ezinye zivela ngokwemvelo kwisityalo se-poppy (ii-Opiates), njenge-morphine. Ezinye zenziwa ngokwenziwa kwiilabhoratri (ii-Opioids), ezifana ne-oxycodone okanye i-hydrocodone. I-Heroin, abanye abantu abayisebenzisa njengeyeza, nayo ikweli qela.

Ezi zinceda kakhulu ekunciphiseni iintlungu. Nangona kunjalo, zikwabangela umlutha kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kwengozi okanye utyando olukhulu, nokuba ugqirha ukunike eli yeza ixesha elifutshane, umzimba wakho unokuliqhela. Wakuba uqhelene nalo, uqala ukuba neengxaki xa uyeka ukulisebenzisa. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.

Le meko yokurhoxa ichaphazela abo basebenzisa la mayeza imihla ngemihla kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, ngakumbi iintsuku ezingaphezu kwama-90 (iinyanga ezi-3), endaweni yeentsuku ezimbalwa nje.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba iimpawu zokurhoxa azisongeli ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, zinokuba yingozi kakhulu, njengokuba nomkhuhlane ombi. Uloyiko lwezi ngxaki lubangela ukuba abanye abantu bangazisebenzisi. Ukuba unesifo sokusebenzisa i-opioid, ukufumana unyango lwezi mpawu zokurhoxa linyathelo lokuqala lokuchacha.

Ziziphi iimpawu zokurhoxiswa kwe-opioid?

Ezi mpawu azifani kuye wonke umntu. Ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lwe-opioid oyisebenzisileyo kunye nexesha olisebenzise ngalo. Iimpawu zokuqala zingavakala ngathi ngumkhuhlane ombi . Jonga ukuba unayo na kwezi mpawu:

• Iintlungu zomzimba: Kuvakala ngathi izihlunu zomzimba ziyakrazuka.
• Ukuxhalaba nokungazoli: Ukuziva ungazoli, ngokungathi awukwazi ukuhlala kwindawo enye.
• Ukugodola nomkhuhlane: Ukugodola ngequbuliso, ukungcangcazela, kunye nomkhuhlane.
• Urhudo: indle ekhululekileyo.
• Abafundi abavuleke kakhulu .
• Ukwanda kwesantya sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo.
• Ukungalali: Nokuba uzama kangakanani na, awukwazi ukulala.
• Ukunqwenela okanye ukunqwenela i-opioid.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Iinyembezi eziphuma emehlweni okanye ukukhala rhoqo.

Impawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zinokwenzeka ngaxeshanye.

Ezi ngxaki ziza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani?

Kukwaxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-opioid oyithathileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba uthatha i-opioid esebenza ngokukhawuleza efana ne-heroin okanye i-oxycodone, ezi mpawu zinokuhlala malunga neentsuku ezine ukuya kwezintlanu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uthatha i-opioid esebenza ixesha elide efana ne-methadone, ezi mpawu zinokuhlala iveki okanye nangaphezulu.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Yintoni isizathu sale nto?

Cinga ngale nto, xa sisebenzisa ezi opioid ixesha elide, utshintsho oluthile luyenzeka engqondweni yethu . La mayeza awanciphisi nje kuphela iintlungu, kodwa atshintsha nendlela esivakalelwa ngayo. Ngoko ke, umzimba wethu uyaqhela ukuziva ezi ziyobisi. Xa siyeka ukuzisebenzisa ngequbuliso, ezi mpawu zokurhoxa ziyavela ngenxa yolo tshintsho engqondweni. Oko kukuthi, ingqondo isabela ngokungathi ayinakuphila ngaphandle kwesiyobisi.

Yintoni eyona nto imbi kakhulu enokwenzeka kule nto?

Eyona ngxaki inkulu yoku kukusebenzisa i-overdose ngengozi emva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa i-opioid uze uqale kwakhona. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi mpawu zokurhoxa ziba nzima kangangokuba abantu abakwazi ukumelana nentlungu baze basebenzise eli chiza kwakhona. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokusebenzisa i-overdose, njengoko umzimba usenokungakwazi ukunyamezela inani elifanayo lee-opioid njengangaphambili.

Ugqirha uyazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba le yi-Opioid Withdrawal?

Ugqirha uza kukuhlola. Bangenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga amayeza. Baza kukubuza le mibuzo:

• Ngaba wakha wafunyaniswa ukuba une-Opioid Use Disorder ngaphambili?
• Luhlobo luni lwe-opioid obulusebenzisa?
• Uyeke nini ukuyithatha?
• Ziziphi iimpawu onazo ngoku?
• Zaqala nini ezo mpawu?
• Ngaba wakha waziva ukurhoxa ngolu hlobo ngaphambili?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphendula le mibuzo ngokunyaniseka.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zoku? Ndingafumana isiqabu?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo kukho unyango loku. Oogqirha baya kukunika amayeza kwiimpawu ezithile onazo. Umzekelo, kwizinto ezifana norhudo, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, njl.

Baza kuthetha nawe malunga nokusebenzisa kwakho i-opioid baze bakunike iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuzikhupha kuyo kwaye uphephe iimpawu zokurhoxa. Umzekelo, ukuba uthatha i-opioid oyinikwe ngugqirha wakho ngenxa yeentlungu emva kotyando, ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda unciphise kancinci kancinci amayeza endaweni yokuwayeka ngaxeshanye.

Ukuba unesifo sokusebenzisa i-opioid, okanye ucinga ukuba usenokuba naso, ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza oku:Ngaba unomdla wokufuna iinkonzo zokunika iingcebiso ezifana neCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?

Nazi ezinye iindlela zonyango ezinokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu zokurhoxa:

• Kwiziyobisi ze-opioid: I-Buprenorphine (Subutex®). Le idla ngokunikezelwa njengepilisi, kodwa ingasetyenziswa njengenaliti. Ngamanye amaxesha i-buprenorphine kunye ne-naloxone ethintela i-opioid blocker ziyadityaniswa (i-Suboxone® okanye i-Zubsolv®). I-Methadone (i-Dolophine® okanye i-Methadose®) nayo iyanikwa.
• Xa ukhwehlela esiswini kunye norhudo: I-Clonidine (Catapres®). Oku kunceda nakwixinzelelo legazi elinyukayo ngexesha lokurhoxa. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza orhudo athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha.
• Kwabo bangalaliyo: iTrazodone (Desyrel®), iDoxepin (Silenor®) okanye iMirtazapine (Remeron®).
• Kwisicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: I-Ondansetron (Zofran ODT®), iProchlorperazine (Compazine®) okanye iMetoclopramide (Reglan®).
• Kwiintlungu zemisipha: Baclofen (Baclofen - Ozobax®).
• Kwiintlungu zomzimba: Amayeza alwa nokuvuvukala angengowe-steroidal (NSAIDs) kunye ne-paracetamol (Acetaminophen).

Yintoni onokuyilindela?

Ngokwesiqhelo, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza ukuze unciphise umnqweno wakho wee-opioids. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba kufuneka uthathe ixesha elingakanani na eli yeza. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela, ngedosi efanelekileyo, nangexesha elifanelekileyo.

Ngaba oku kurhoxiswa kwe-opioid akunakuthintelwa?

Kusenokungabi lula ukuyithintela ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ungathatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukuqala kweempawu ezinzima. Ukuba usebenzisa ii-opioids nangasiphi na isizathu kwaye ukhathazekile ngokuyeka, qiniseka ukuba ucela uncedo kugqirha wakho. Angakunika amayeza okunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho. Kwakhona, ukufumana uncedo ngezi mpawu kunokukunceda uphephe ukuba nengxaki yokusebenzisa ii-opioid, okanye ubuncinane kukunceda uqale ukuchacha kuyo.

Ungazinceda njani?

Eli lixesha elinzima kakhulu, kodwa kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunceda:

• Sela amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ngaphandle kokuphosa idosi enye. Ukuphosa idosi kunokubangela ukuba iimpawu zokurhoxa zibuye. Oku kunokukwenza ufune ukusebenzisa ii-opioid kwakhona.
• Cinga ngengcebiso:Ukuba uzama ukuyeka ukusebenzisa i-opioid, oko kuthetha ukuba ubulikhoboka layo, okanye ukuba unesifo sokusebenzisa i-opioid. Ukuthetha nomcebisi wokulutha kunokuba luncedo olukhulu kuhambo lwakho lokuchacha.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Nokuba usela amayeza okubangela ukungalali, imikhwa efana nokuphepha ikofu, iti, kunye notywala ebusuku inokukunceda ulale ngcono.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi: Nokuba usela amayeza orhudo nokuhlanza, usenokulahlekelwa ngamanzi amaninzi emzimbeni wakho uze uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni. Oku kunokubangela isiyezi kunye nentloko ebuhlungu. Ngoko ke, sela amanzi amaninzi afana namanzi kunye nejusi.
• Hamba-hamba okanye wenze umthambo: Yenza into efana nokuhamba, ukubaleka, ukudada, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile. Xa sizilolonga, ingqondo yethu ikhupha iihomoni ezibizwa ngokuba zii-endorphins. Ezi zinceda ekunciphiseni iintlungu, uxinzelelo kunye nosizi. Ukukhululwa kwee-endorphins ezininzi kunokunciphisa iintlungu, uxinzelelo, kunye nokuphucula imo yengqondo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba unyangwa ngenxa yokurhoxa kwi-opioid, ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu, okanye ukuba uziva ufuna ukusebenzisa ii-opioid kwakhona ngenxa yobunzima, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Yeyiphi imibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa ezi mpawu zokurhoxa kwi-opioid zibonakala ngequbuliso, usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuzibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Ndiwathathe amayeza njengoko ugqirha endiyalele. Kutheni ndinezi mpawu zokurhoxa?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndithathe amayeza okunyanga ezi mpawu?
• Ngaba ukuba nezi mpawu zokurhoxa kuthetha ukuba ndinengxaki yokusebenzisa i-opioid?
• Ndinengxaki yokusebenzisa i-opioid. Ndingakuphepha njani ukusebenzisa ii-opioid kwakhona?

Mhlawumbi ukhe wasebenzisa ii-opioids ukuze unciphise iintlungu kwaye ngoku unengxaki yokunciphisa umva. Okanye mhlawumbi unengxaki yokusebenzisa ii-opioid kwaye ufuna uncedo. Uyazi ukuba ezi mpawu zokurhoxa zinokuba nzima kangakanani. Ukufumana unyango loku kunokukunceda ulawule iintlungu zakho, ulawule imeko yakho yeemvakalelo, kwaye uhlale kude nee-opioids. Nokuba usebenzisa siphi na isizathu, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokuphepha ukurhoxa kwee-opioid, ezinokwenzeka xa uyeka ukuzisebenzisa.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, masikukhumbuze ngezinto ezimbalwa esithethe ngazo esicinga ukuba zibalulekile kuwe.

Nangona ii-opioids zizixhobo ezinamandla zokuthomalalisa iintlungu, zinokuba ngumlutha. Iimpawu zokurhoxa ezithi zenzeke xa uyeka ukuzisebenzisa ngequbuliso zinokuba buhlungu kakhulu, kodwa azisongeli ubomi. Musa ukoyika ukubandezeleka wedwa.Kukho unyango olusebenzayo koku. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha uze ufumane unyango lwesayensi. Khumbula, ukucela uncedo akubobuthathaka, ngamandla. Ungaphumelela kolu hambo.

i- opioid, i-opiate, ukurhoxa, umlutha, unyango, iimpawu, isithomalalisi sentlungu