Ubusazi na ukuba amathambo amathathu amancinci emzimbeni wakho wonke angaphakathi kwendlebe yakho? Ewe, kuyamangalisa ngokwenene. Mancinci kakhulu, akakhulu kuneenkozo ezimbalwa zerayisi. Kodwa la mathambo mancinci enza umsebenzi omninzi. Enyanisweni, la mathambo mathathu mancinci asinceda sive izandi zehlabathi elisingqongileyo, sonwabele umculo, kwaye siqonde amazwi abantu esibathandayo. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngala mathambo mancinci amangalisayo (ii-ossicles).
Zithini ezi osicles?
Ngamafutshane, amathambo amathathu amancinci asendlebeni yakho ephakathi yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba zii-ossicles . La ngawa:
1. I-Malleus - Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'hammer'.
2. Incus - Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba 'yimpondo'.
3. IiStapes - Oku kubizwa njalo kuba kunesimo esifana 'nomgca'.
Ezi zintathu zisebenza kunye njengetyathanga. Yiyo loo nto le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Ossicular Chain . Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukuthatha izandi eziza kwi-eardrum yakho, zizenze ziqine, kwaye zithunyelwe kwi-cochlea engaphakathi kwendlebe yakho, eyona ndawo iphambili apho isandi sifunyanwa khona. Apho, ezi ntshukumo ziguqulwa zibe ziimpawu zombane ezinokuqondwa yingqondo.
Khawucinge nje, ngaphandle kwala mathambo mathathu mancinci endlebeni yakho, ukuva kwethu bekuya kuncipha kakhulu, kwaye sinokulahlekelwa kuko konke. Yiyo loo nto aba bahlobo bathathu bancinci bebaluleke kakhulu ekuveni kwethu.
Isebenza njani kanye kanye le ntambo yamathambo?
Oku kufana nomdyarho we-relay. Kanye njengokuba omnye umdlali edlulisela intonga komnye, la mathambo mathathu adluliselana ukungcangcazela kwesandi. Makhe sibone ukuba le nkqubo isebenza njani.
1. Inyathelo 1: Amaza esandi angena endlebeni yakho aze abethe kwi-eardrum (i-tympanic membrane). Emva koko i-eardrum iqala ukungcangcazela, njengolusu lwedrama lungcangcazela xa uyibetha.
2. Inyathelo lesi-2: Ithambo le-malleus , okanye ithambo 'lesando', eliqhagamshelwe ngqo kwi-eardrum, lifumana ukungcangcazela. Xa i-eardrum ingcangcazela, i-malleus nayo ingcangcazela ngendlela efanayo.
3. Inyathelo Lesithathu: I-malleus idlulisela umothuko ewufumanayo kumhlobo wayo olandelayo, ithambo le-incus, okanye 'ithambo le-anvil'.
4. Inyathelo Lesine: I-incus ithatha loo shock ize iyidlulisele kwi -stapes, okanye 'umgca', ithambo, elilikhonkco lokugqibela kwikhonkco.
5. Inyathelo lokugqibela: Ithambo le-stapes, elifunxa uvalo elilufumanayo, licinezela ifestile ye-oval, eyindawo efana nomnyango we-cochlea endlebeni.
Xa olu ngcangcazelo lungena kwi-cochlea, iiseli zeenwele ezimanzi nezivakalayo apho ziyakhuthazwa kwaye zenze imiqondiso yombane. Ezi miqondiso zezo sizibona njenge "sandi" engqondweni. Ngexesha lale nkqubo, igagasi lesandi liyakhula njengoko lidlula kula mathambo mathathu. Yiyo loo nto sinokuva nezandi ezingabonakaliyo ngokucacileyo.
Masifunde okungakumbi ngala mathambo mathathu mancinci.
Masithathe la mathambo mathathu size siwajonge ngokwahlukeneyo.
I-Malleus (i-Malleus - isando)
Le yeyona ossicle yokuqala nenkulu. Ifumene igama layo kuba imile okwesando. Isiphelo sayo esinye sinamathele kwi-eardrum. Ngenxa yoko, xa i-eardrum ishukuma, lonke ithambo le-malleus liyashukuma. Esinye isiphelo sayo sinamathele kwithambo le-incus.
I-Incus (Incus - Anvil)
Le yikhonkco eliphakathi lekhonkco. Limile njenge-anvil esetyenziswa ngumkhandi wentsimbi. Ukungcangcazela okuvela kwi-malleus kubetha oku. Kufana nokubetha i-anvil ngesando. Elinye icala le-incus liqhagamshelwe kwi-malleus, kwaye elinye icala liqhagamshelwe kwi-stapes.
IiStapes (IiStapes - umgca)
Eli liqhawe elincinci kakhulu kweli bali. I-stapes lelona thambo lincinci emzimbeni womntu wonke. Linobude nobubanzi obuziimilimitha ezimbalwa kuphela. Limile njengomgca wemilenze yehashe xa likhwelwe. Lo ngumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wokuthatha iintshukumo ezivela kwi-incus nokuzidlulisela ngqo endlebeni engaphakathi.
Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela la mathambo?
Ukuba kukho ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwala mathambo mancinci, ukungcangcazela kwesandi akufikeleli kakuhle endlebeni yangaphakathi. Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okubangelwa koku kubizwa ngokuba kukulahlekelwa kukuva okuqhutywa yi-conductive . Makhe sijonge ezinye zeengxaki ezichaphazela la mathambo ngezantsi.
| Ingxaki / imeko | Kalula nje, kwenzeka ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa | Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba abanye abantwana bazalwa bengenamathambo, bengakhuli kakuhle, okanye bedibene. |
| I-Otosclerosis | Amaxesha amaninzi, ithambo le-stapes lidibana nezicubu ezijikelezileyo kwaye alikwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo, nto leyo ethintela ukungcangcazela ekudluliseleni. |
| I-Cholesteatoma | Kule meko, iiseli zesikhumba ziqokelelana ngaphakathi kwendlebe ephakathi njengeqhubu. Eli qhubu lingonakalisa amathambo kwaye liphazamise ukuhamba kwawo. |
| Usulelo oluqhubekayo lwendlebe ephakathi | Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlebe lunokubangela ukwakheka kolwelo kunye nokudumba kwindlebe ephakathi, nto leyo ethintela ukuhamba kwamathambo. Ukuba alunyangwa, umonakalo ongapheliyo unokwenzeka. |
| Ukususwa kwe-Ossicular-chain | Ukwenzakala entloko kunye nokubethwa kunokubangela ukuba amakhonkco akweli thambo ahlukane aze aphume kwenye indawo. Emva koko ukungcangcazela akuhambi. |
Ungayiqaphela njani ingxaki ngamathambo? (Iimpawu)
Ukuba amathambo endlebe yakho achaphazelekile, unokufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu.
- Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okanye ukulahlekelwa kukuva ngequbuliso: Izandi zibonakala zikude, okanye indlebe ivakala ngathi ivalekile.
- Ukukhala ezindlebeni: Isandi esiqhubekayo ngaphakathi endlebeni.
- Intlungu yendlebe: Ukuziva ubuhlungu ngaphakathi kwendlebe.
- Ulwelo olufana nobovu oluphuma endlebeni: Oku kunokubonwa ngakumbi kwiimeko zosulelo.
- Ukugcwala kwendlebe okanye uxinzelelo: Ukuziva ngathi indlebe izaliswe ngumoya.
- Iingxaki zokulinganisela: Ngamanye amaxesha ezi ngxaki zinokuchaphazela nenkqubo ye-vestibular, eyinkqubo elawula ukulinganisela endlebeni, nto leyo ebangela isiyezi.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela. Kungcono ukubona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane ingcebiso.
Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluza kwenziwa ngugqirha?
Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze ahlole indlebe yakho. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, banokukuthumela kwezinye zezi vavanyo.
| Uvavanyo | Yintoni le iyenzayo? |
|---|---|
| I-Otoscopy | Ingaphakathi lendlebe lihlolwa ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo esikhanyiswe ngokukodwa ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki nge-eardrum kunye nendlebe ephakathi. |
| Uvavanyo lokuva | Silinganisa ukuba ungaziva kangakanani izandi kwaye nokuba kukho na ukulahleka kokuva. |
| Uvavanyo lweTympanometry | Olu vavanyo lunceda ukubona ukuba indlebe ephakathi igcwele ulwelo na kwaye i-eardrum ihamba kakuhle na. |
| Iskeni ye-CT | Oku kunceda ukubona ngokucacileyo ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo, ukwaphuka, okanye ukukhula okungaqhelekanga emathanjeni okanye kwizicwili ezingqongileyo. |
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zezi meko?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwingxaki ethile onayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuhlola aze akunike unyango olulungele wena. Olu lolona nyango luqhelekileyo olusetyenziswayo:
- Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba ingxaki ibangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya, ezi zinikwa ukuze zinyangwe.
- Izixhobo zokuncedisa ukuva: Ezi zixhobo zikunceda ukuba uve izandi ngcono ukuba ukuva kwakho kuphazamisekile ngokusisigxina.
- Utyando: Ngamanye amaxesha utyando lunokufuneka ukuze kulungiswe umonakalo wethambo, kususwe ukukhula okungaqhelekanga, okanye kufakwe amathambo okwenziwa.
Uzigcina njani ezi thambo zixabisekileyo ziphilile?
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ukukhusela la mathambo mancinci kukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela usulelo lwendlebe nokufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwindlela ova ngayo.
- Ukuba amanzi angena endlebeni yakho, yisule kakuhle uze uyigcine yomile.
- Xa ufumana izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane, zinokubangela usulelo lwendlebe, ngoko ke fumana unyango olufanelekileyo.
- Nxiba izigcina-ntloko zokuzikhusela ukuba udlala imidlalo eyingozi entlokweni yakho.
- Ukuba ufumana naluphi na uva, iintlungu, okanye ukurhawuzelela ezindlebeni zakho, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza .
Iimeko ezininzi ezichaphazela la mathambo zinokunyangwa ngempumelelo ukuba zifunyenwe kwangethuba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unyango lulibaziseka, lunokubangela umonakalo wexesha elide. Ngoko ke, musa ukuyityeshela ingxaki encinci.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amathambo amathathu amancinci (ii-ossicles) emzimbeni wakho akwindlebe ephakathi. Lawa yiMalleus, iIncus, kunye neStapes.
- Olu luhlu lwamathambo lubalulekile ukuze sive izandi. Zithwala ukungcangcazela kwezandi ziye endlebeni engaphakathi.
- Usulelo lwendlebe, ukwenzakala entloko, kunye nezinye izifo (ezifana ne-otosclerosis) zingonakalisa la mathambo.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa kukuva, iintlungu zendlebe, okanye ukukhala ezindlebeni, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo kwangethuba kunokuphelisa iingxaki ezininzi kwaye kuthintele umonakalo ongapheliyo wokuva.
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