Ngaba nawe ufumana iithumba ezinje kwii-ovari zakho? (Ii-Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors) Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha weva ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeethumba ezikhula kwii-ovari? Ezinye zazo azinabungozi, kodwa ezinye zazo ziyinto ekufuneka ixhalatyelwe. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo olukhethekileyo lwethumba olukhula kwii-ovari zabasetyhini. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-'Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors'. Nangona eli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, masiliqonde ngokulula.

Zithini ezi 'Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors' ezenzeka kwii-ovari?

Ngamafutshane, olu hlobo lwethumba luvela kwiiseli zentsholongwane ezingaphakathi kwii-ovari zomfazi. Njengoko usazi, ii-ovari zezona zimbini zezona zibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuzala yabasetyhini. Ezi zezona zivelisa amaqanda ngexesha lakho lokuzala. Ngoko ke, iiseli zentsholongwane ezingaphakathi kwezi ovari zezo eziba ngamaqanda kamva. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, uninzi lwale seli luyadibana kwaye lwenze i-tumor engaqhelekanga. Yiyo loo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-'germ cell tumors'.

Uninzi lwexesha, ezi cysts zikhula kwi-ovary enye kuphela, kodwa azifane zibonakale kuzo zombini ii-ovari.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba uninzi lwezi thumba zeeseli zentsholongwane azinabungozi . Oko kukuthi, azinabo umhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba zibe yingozi . Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ezi thumba zinokusasazeka kwaye zonakalise izicubu ezisempilweni. Ezi thumba zeeseli zentsholongwane ezinomhlaza luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lomhlaza wesibeleko.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo zezi 'ziqhushumbisi zeeseli zentsholongwane'?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi nati. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iintlobo eziphambili ezibonwayo:

• I-teratoma evuthiweyo (i-dermoid cyst): Le yeyona ntlobo ixhaphakileyo nengenabungozi ye-germ cell tumor. Idla ngokuvela kubantu abakwiminyaka yabo yokufikisa, amashumi amabini, okanye amashumi amathathu. Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-teratoma kuba inokuqulatha iinwele okanye amazinyo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ayingomhlaza.
• I-Dysgerminoma: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwethumba leeseli zentsholongwane elibi . Nangona kunjalo, ama-70% ala magciwane kuthiwa awabangeli ngxolo. Anyangeka kakhulu. Adla ngokukhula kubantu abakwiminyaka yamashumi amabini namashumi amathathu.
• I-teratoma engekavuthwa: Olu luhlobo lwethumba elinomhlaza (elibi) elikhula kancinci . Linokusasazeka ukusuka kwi-ovary liye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba (i-metastasis). Lidla ngokuvela kubantu abaneminyaka engama-20 ubudala okanye ngaphantsi.
• Iithumba ze-yolk sac (ezaziwa ngokuba ziithumba ze-endodermal sinus): Ezi nazo zinobungozi.Uhlobo lwethumba. Ezi zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engama-20 okanye ngaphantsi. Zinokuvela nakubantwana abancinci abangekaqali ukuya exesheni (malunga nama-40%).
• Iithumba zeeseli zentsholongwane ezixutyiweyo: Ezi ziithumba ezinobungozi . Zisenokuba neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeethumba. Amaxesha amaninzi, ziyindibaniselwano yeethumba ze-dysgerminoma kunye ne-yolk sac.

Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo ziphambili, kukho nezinye iintlobo ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga zeethumba zeeseli zentsholongwane:

• I-Embryonal carcinoma
• I-Choriocarcinoma
• I-Polyembryoma

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Iithumba ze-ovarian germ cell zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zethumba kubasetyhini abakwiminyaka yokuzala nabangaphantsi. Umzekelo, ama-70% eethumba ze-ovarian kubafazi abaneminyaka ephakathi kwe-10 ne-30 zezo zilolu hlobo. Nangona kunjalo, azixhaphakanga kangako kubafazi abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba malunga ne-95% yezi ntsholongwane zeseli zentsholongwane azinabungozi, zivuthiwe . Iintsholongwane zeseli zentsholongwane zentsholongwane zibangela kuphela i-2% ukuya kwi-3% yomhlaza wesibeleko.

Zithini iimpawu? Uzibona njani?

Ezi thumba zeeseli zentsholongwane zinokuba nzima ukuzibona kwizigaba zokuqala. Iithumba ezingezizo ezo zinobungozi zisenokungabangeli zimpawu zide zibe nkulu. Iithumba ezinobungozi zisenokungabonakali zimpawu zide zibe zininzi umhlaza.

Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ezi mpawu:

• Intlungu yesisu, ukungakhululeki, okanye intlungu xa icinezelwe. (Oku kungaqala ngequbuliso kwaye kube nzima.)
• Isisu esipheleleyo, ngamanye amaxesha isisu kuphela esikhula ngakumbi ngelixa amanye amalungu omzimba encipha.
• Utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwamathumbu , njengorhudo okanye ukuqhinwa.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokutya , njengokulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya.
• Ukopha okungavumelekanga kwesini , oko kuthetha ukopha ngaphandle kokuya exesheni okanye emva kokuya exesheni.

Ezi nati zinokuvelisa iihomoni ezithile, ezinokubangela utshintsho oluthile emzimbeni wakho. Umzekelo:

• Iimpawu zokukhulelwa kwangethuba ezifana nokudinwa, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuthamba kwamabele.
• Ukufikisa kwasekuqaleni , kodwa oku kuyinto engaqhelekanga.

Kutheni le nto ezi 'ntsholongwane zentsholongwane' zenzeka?

Iithumba ze-ovarian germ cell zibangelwa kukuguquka kweeseli zesini, okanye iiseli zokuzala , ezidibana zenze ithumba. Iingcali zisaphanda ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka kwaye ngubani onokuthi azenze.

Nangona ezi cysts zinokukhula nakubani na onama-ovari, zibonakala kakhulu kubasetyhini abakwiminyaka yokuzala nabangaphantsi.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Unyango lubaluleke kakhulu kuba, nokuba ithumba alinabungozi , linokuqhuma okanye libangele ukugoba kwe-ovarian . Okukhona ithumba lilikhulu, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba oku kwenzeke.

Ukususa ithumba kunokuthintela ezi ngxaki.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto?

Emva kokubuza ngeempawu zakho, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi. Olona lubalulekileyo kuvavanyo lwe-pelvic ukujonga amaqhuma okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga esiswini sakho, kwi-pelvis, nakwi-vagina. Kusenokufuneka wenze iiskeni kunye novavanyo lwegazi.

• Uvavanyo lokufota: Ukuba kukho ithumba elirhanelwa kwi-ovarian germ cell, oogqirha baya kuqala benze i- transvaginal ultrasound . Oku kungajonga ngaphakathi esiswini sakho ukuze babone ukuba kukho na iithumba. Ukongeza, i -CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scan) okanye i -MRI (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging - i-MRI) nayo inokwenziwa ukunceda ekuxilongeni imeko. Ezi scan zinokubonisa iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu kune-ultrasound.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Usenokuba novavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-serum tumor marker . Olu vavanyo lujonga amanqanaba ezinto ezithile emzimbeni wakho. Amanqanaba aphezulu ezinto ezifana ne -alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) , i-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) , okanye i-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) egazini inokuba luphawu lwee-ovarian germ cell tumors.

Ukuze ugqirha afumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo, kuya kufuneka asuse ithumba okanye isibeleko sonke esichaphazelekileyo ukuze sihlolwe. Ingcali yezifo , ugqirha ochwephesha ekuhlalutyweni kwezicubu, uya kuhlola ezi seli kwilebhu ukuze abone ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwethumba kwaye nokuba liyingozi okanye alinabungozi.

Ukuba yimeko yomhlaza, zeziphi 'izigaba' zayo?

Ukuba ithumba liyingozi , oogqirha baya kulibeka umhlaza njengenxalenye yokuxilongwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-staging . Baza kusebenzisa iiskeni ezifana ne -CT scan okanye i-PET scan (positron emission tomography scan) ukulinganisa ubungakanani bethumba nokufumanisa ukuba liphi kanye kanye. Olu lwazi luya kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba agqibe ukuba loluphi uhlobo lonyango olufunayo kunye neziphumo zonyango eziya kuba zeziphi.

Ngokubanzi, xa 'inqanaba' lisezantsi, kokukhona amathuba okuphiliswa komhlaza esanda.

Amanqanaba omhlaza wee-ovarian germ cell tumors ngala alandelayo:

• Inqanaba loku-1: Umhlaza ukwii-ovari zakho kuphela.
• Inqanaba lesi-2: Umhlaza usasazeke nakwezinye izicwili ezikwisinqe sakho, ezifana nemibhobho ye-fallopian okanye isibeleko.
• Inqanaba lesi-3: Umhlaza usasazeke kwi-lymph nodes okanye kwi-membrane yezitho zakho ze-pelvic okanye isisu ( i-peritoneum ), kodwa awusasazeki ngaphaya kwesisu.
• Inqanaba lesi-4 (umhlaza osasazekayo): Umhlaza usasazeke kwisibindi sakho okanye kwipleyini, okanye kwizicubu kunye namalungu angaphandle kwesisu sakho, njengemiphunga yakho.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Uninzi lwee-tumor zeeseli zentsholongwane zinokunyangwa kwaye zinyangeke. Isicwangciso sonyango osifumanayo siya kuxhomekeka kubukhulu be-tumor kunye nokuba ingaba inobungozi (iyingozi) okanye ayinobungozi (inobungozi).

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sele ukhulile ekuzaleni, ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukugcina ama-ovari akho kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze agcine ukuzala kwakho.

Unyango lwee-ovarian germ cell tumors ezinobungozi

Oogqirha baya kuzisusa ngotyando iithumba ezingenobungozi. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-ovary yonke ( i-oophorectomy ) okanye inxalenye ye-ovary ( i-ovarian cystectomy ) inokufuneka isuswe ukuze kususwe ithumba ngokupheleleyo. Banokucebisa notyando oluvulekileyo ( i-laparotomy ) okanye uhlobo lotyando olungangenisi ntsholongwane olusebenzisa imingxunya emincinci ( i-laparoscopy ).

Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba iithumba ezingenobungozi ziphinde zikhule emva kokuba zisusiwe.

Unyango lwee-ovarian germ cell tumors ezinobungozi

Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Unyango oluqhelekileyo luquka:

• Utyando: Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kususwe i-ovaries okanye ii-fallopian tubes enye okanye zombini ( oophorectomy ). Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kwee-ovaries kunye nee-fallopian tubes, ungenza ne-hysterectomy epheleleyo, esusa isibeleko sakho kunye ne-cervix .
• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Kwikhemotherapy, ugqirha wakho ukunika amayeza angena emithanjeni yakho, ngesiqhelo ngokufaka i -infusion . Amayeza ekhemotherapy abulala iiseli zomhlaza aze azithintele ukuba zingaphindaphindani. Unokufumana ikhemotherapy kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa.

Injani imeko emva konyango? (Imbono)

I-BeneignIziphumo zonyango lwee-ovarian germ cell tumors zilungile kakhulu. Ezi tumors zingenobungozi azibuyi emva kokususwa.

Iziphumo zeentsholongwane zentsholongwane ezinobungozi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Iingcali zomhlaza zifumanisa oku ngokubala ukuba bangaphi abantu abanomhlaza othile abaphilayo emva kweminyaka emihlanu emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba banawo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yinqanaba lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu.

Umzekelo, ukuba umhlaza awukasasazeka ngaphaya kwamaqanda, izinga lokusinda liphakathi kwama-94% nama-98%. Kwimihlaza esasazeke ngaphaya kwendawo yokuqala, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu limalunga nama-73%. Ngeli xesha, ugqirha wakho uza kukujonga ngokusondeleyo aze akunyange ukuba umhlaza uphinde wavela .

Ngaba lo 'mhlaza weeseli zentsholongwane' unganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Kukwaxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nenqanaba lesimila. Umzekelo, i-dysgerminoma yesigaba sokuqala inokunyangelwa nge-chemotherapy, kunye nesantya sokuphiliswa esiphantse sibe yi-100%. Iintlobo ezinobungozi ngakumbi, ezifana neethumba ze-yolk sac, zisenokunganyangeki ngokupheleleyo, kodwa unyango lunokulawula ukukhula kwesimila kunye nokusasazeka komhlaza.

Ugqirha wakho angakuchazela ngekamva (kuquka nokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba unyangeke) umhlaza weseli ye-ovarian germ cell, kuxhomekeke ekubeni uxilongiwe na.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki?

Iintsholongwane zentsholongwane azinakuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, unganceda ugqirha wakho ukuba ajonge impilo yakho aze ahlole umngcipheko womhlaza wakho ngokuya kuhlolwa rhoqo .

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nineempawu zethumba le-ovarian germ cell , bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko . Ezinye iithumba ze-germ cell zikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ukuzichonga kwangethuba nokufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza kunokunyusa kakhulu amathuba akho okuchacha.

Yeyiphi imibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha?

Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba unesifo se-ovarian germ cell tumor, nantsi eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Ingaba le thumba inobungozi okanye ayinobungozi?
• Zeziphi ezinye iimvavanyo ekufuneka ndizenze ukuze ndigqibe ukuba loluphi uhlobo lonyango endilufunayo?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango olucetyiswayo?
• Yintoni endinokuyilindela emva konyango?
• Ngaba ukuxilongwa okanye unyango lwam luya kuyichaphazela indlela endikwazi ngayo ukuba nomntwana?

Umyalezo oya ekhaya

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nineempawu zethumba le-ovarian germ cell , bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.. Ixesha elininzi, ezi azinabungozi (azinabungozi). Utyando lunokuthintela iingxaki ezifana nokuqhekeka okanye ukudumba kwethumba elikhulu. Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuba ithumba liyingozi, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunyusa kakhulu amathuba akho okuchacha. Nokuba awunazo naziphi na iimpawu, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokufumana uhlolo rhoqo ukuze ujonge impilo yakho yokuzala kunye namalungu omzimba.

Ii - cysts ze-ovarian, ii-germ cell tumors, umhlaza we-ovarian, impilo yabasetyhini, i-teratoma, i-dysgerminoma, iimpawu zomhlaza