Ngaba nawe unayo i-pancreatic cysts? Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha!

Mhlawumbi ubukhe wayenza i-'Scan' ngesizathu esithile, esifana ne-'CT' (i-Computed Tomography) okanye i-'MRI' (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging), waza ugqirha wakuxelele ukuba une-cyst encinci kwi-pancreas yakho? Xa usiva into enjalo, ungaziva uloyiko kwaye uxhalabile ngequbuliso, akunjalo? Imibuzo emininzi efana nethi "Yintoni le? Ingaba iyingozi?" iphakama engqondweni yakho. Ngoko ke, ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje, masithethe ngezi cysts kwi-pancreas ngokucacileyo nangokulula.

Yintoni i-pancreatic cyst?

Ngamafutshane, i-pancreatic cyst sisingxobo okanye iqamza elincinci elizaliswe lulwelo elenzeka ngaphakathi kwi-pancreas yakho, okanye ngamanye amaxesha phezu kwayo. Yicinge njengebhaluni yamanzi encinci. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cysts, ezahlulwe ngokwezinto zeseli ezenziwe ngazo. Ezinye iintlobo zibizwa ngokuba yi-neoplastic. I-Neoplastic ithetha ukuba ezinye zazo zinokuba ngumhlaza ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ezinye iintlobo zibizwa ngokuba yi-nonneoplastic. Ezi cysts ze-nonneoplastic azikhuli zibe ngumhlaza. Ngoko ke akukho nto inokubangela ukukhathazeka ngayo.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ne-pancreatic tumor?

Ngoku mhlawumbi ucinga, "Kulungile, ngoko ke oko kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ndinenye yezi?" Nangona ezinye ii-cysts ze-pancreatic zinokubonakala ngathi zinxulumene nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-pancreatitis, uninzi lwexesha ziyakhula ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, phantse ngengozi. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, uninzi lwee-cysts ze-pancreatic azikubangeli ngxaki. Zinokuba khona nje.

Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, uhlobo lwethumba olubizwa ngokuba yi-'neoplastic' lunokuba sisiqalo somhlaza wepancreatic. Ingakumbi ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho, oko kukuthi, umama wakho, utata wakho, abantakwenu noodadewenu, ukhe waba nomhlaza wepancreatic, lo mngcipheko uphezulu kancinci kunabanye. Kodwa ayiqhelekanga kuye wonke umntu.

Ngaba kufuneka ndikhathazeke nge-tumor ye-pancreatic?

Lo ngumbuzo omkhulu abantu abaninzi abanawo. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ubona i-pancreatic cyst kwi-imaging scan, njenge-CT okanye i-MRI, uya kuyibeka ngoko nangoko njengengozi ephantsi, ephakathi, okanye ephezulu . Olu hlu lusekelwe kuhlobo lwe-cyst ebonwa kwi-scan (njengobungakanani bayo kunye nokuma kwayo) kunye nokuba unayo nayiphi na impawu ezinxulumene nayo.

Ukuba ithumba liwela kudidi "olunengozi ephantsi", mhlawumbi akukho nto inokubangela ukukhathazeka ngayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho nto inokwenziwa.

Ukuba umngcipheko "uphakathi" okanye "uphezulu", oogqirha baya kubonelela ngonyango olufunekayo ngokwezikhokelo zabo zonyango.

Ixesha elininzi, iithumba zepancreas zigcinwa nje phantsi 'kokujongwa'. Ukujongwa kuthetha ukuba oogqirha baziskena ngamanye amaxesha, bebuza, "Ngaba le tumor iyakhula? Ngaba iyatshintsha imo? Ngaba kukho into entsha?" Ukuba ithumba elinomngcipheko omncinci litshintsha libe yithumba elinomngcipheko ophakathi ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwenziwa 'i-biopsy' ukuze kufunyanwe okungakumbi ngayo. I-'biopsy' yenziwa ngokufaka into efana nenaliti encinci, kuthathwe iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili kwithumba kwaye lihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Ngale ndlela, uhlobo oluchanekileyo lweeseli ezikuyo lunokufunyanwa. Ukuba ithumba elinomngcipheko ophakathi litshintsha libe yithumba elinomngcipheko ophezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba libonakala linokuba ngumhlaza, oogqirha baceba ukwenza utyando ukuze lisuswe.

Zixhaphake kangakanani ii-cysts ze-pancreatic?

Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ii-cysts zepancreatic zifunyanwa ngengozi kubantu abamalunga ne-10% abafumana ii-CT scans (Computed Tomography scans) kunye nee-MRIs (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Zihlala zifunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwemifanekiso olwenziwe ngesinye isizathu, njengeengxaki zesisu. Ekubeni abantu abaninzi benazo ezi cysts kwaye bengabonakalisi zimpawu, asazi ukuba bangaphi abantu emhlabeni abangazaziyo ukuba banazo.

Yeyiphi ipesenti yeethumba zepancreatic eziba ngumhlaza?

Le yingongoma ebalulekileyo. Ngaphantsi kwe-1% yee-cysts zepancreatic ziguquka zibe ngumhlaza. Elo lipesenti elincinci kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, malunga ne-30% yee-cysts zepancreatic zinokuba ngumhlaza. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-cysts ezingaphambi komhlaza. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha besoloko bekhangela. Kodwa kukho iindaba ezimnandi. Ezi cysts ezingaphambi komhlaza zihlala zikhula zibe nkulu kakhulu kwaye zitshintshe ngendlela eyingozi. Ke ngoko, ngokujongwa rhoqo, oko kukuthi, ngeeskeni eziqhubekayo, utshintsho lomhlaza lunokuchongwa kwangethuba kakhulu kwinkqubo. Emva koko, unyango lunokuqaliswa ngokukhawuleza.

Ziziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-pancreatic cysts?

Oku kuchazwe kancinci, kukho amagama amaninzi ezonyango. Kodwa masiyigcine ilula. Ithi kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili.

Ii-Neoplastic okanye ii-Precancerous Cysts

Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCN).' Ezi zezona ntlobo ekufuneka sizijonge ngokusondeleyo. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Ii-Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (ii-IPMN): Ezi zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo ze-neoplastic tumor. Zikhula kwi-pancreatic duct. I-pancreatic duct yityhubhu encinci ethwala iijusi zokugaya eziveliswa yi-pancreas ukuya emathunjini. Ulwelo olungaphakathi kwezi tumor luyingxubevange yeejusi ze-pancreatic kunye nento etyebileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-mucin. I-Mucin yinxalenye ye-mucus. Le mucin inokubangela ukuba i-pancreatic duct idumbe kwaye ibe nkulu.
• ``Iintsholongwane ze-Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms (ii-MCN)'':Ezi azixhaphakanga njenge-'IPMNs'. Zihlala zisenzeka kubasetyhini abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala. Zenzeka embindini wepancreas ('umzimba wepancreas').
• `IiSolid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms (ii-SPN):` Ezi aziqhelekanga kakhulu. Zinenxalenye eqinileyo neyolwelo. Zihlala zikhula kubasetyhini abaselula abakwiminyaka yabo yama-20 nama-30.
• IiCystic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (PNETs): IiPancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-islet cell tumors) luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lwe-tumor. Zihlala zizi-tumor eziqinileyo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokubonakala njenge-cysts.

Ii-cysts ezingezizo zomhlaza (`ezingezizo zeplastiki` okanye `ii-Benign Cysts`)

Ezi azibangeli umhlaza. Ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokuzoyika kakhulu.

• IiSimple Cysts (okanye iiRetention Cysts): Ezi ziicysts ezingenabungozi ezikhula ngaphakathi kwipancreas, ezahlulwe kwi-pancreatic duct. Zigcwele umaleko omnye weeseli ze-epithelial. Zihlala zenzeka kubantwana abancinci.
• Ii-Serous Cystadenomas: Ezi zizifo ezixhaphakileyo nezingenabungozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba zikhula zibe nkulu, ngamanye amaxesha zinokubangela iingxaki ezifana nokucinezela amalungu akufutshane. Kwimeko enjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka zisuswe ngotyando.
• IiCysts Ezingezizo Ezeplastiki EzineMucinous: Ezi ziicysts ezingenabungozi, ezivelisa imucin. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha kufuneka bazihlolisise ngononophelo ukuze bazihlukanise kwiintlobo ze-neoplastic, ezinokuba ngumhlaza.
• IiLymphoepithelial Cysts: Ezi ziithumba ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu nezingenabungozi. Zihlala zibonakala kumadoda.

Inqaku elibalulekileyo: Kukho enye into ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Pancreatic pseudocysts'. Ngamanye amaxesha abantu bayayibhidanisa le nto ne-cysts yokwenyani. Nangona kunjalo, i-'pseudocyst' ayilokhula lutsha njenge-'tumor'. Yingxowa egcwele ulwelo eyenzeka xa iijusi zepancreas zivuza kwi-pancreas ngenxa yokwenzakala kwi-pancreas (njenge-'pancreatitis'). I-'Pseudocysts' yimeko engeyongozi.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-pancreatic tumor?

Nantsi into enokumangalisa abantu abaninzi: Uninzi lwee-tumor ze-pancreatic azibangeli zimpawu. Ewe, yinyani. Usenokungayiboni ne-tumor. Iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala kuphela xa i-tumor iba nkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuvala okanye ukucinezela i-pancreatic duct, i-biliary tract, okanye isisu okanye amathumbu (i-gastrointestinal (GI tract). Xa oko kusenzeka, izinto ezinje zinokwenzeka:

• Intlungu yesisu: Intlungu idla ngokuvela kwisisu esingaphezulu.
• Intlungu yomqolo: Ngamanye amaxesha iintlungu zesisu zinokuvela nasemqolo.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya:Ndilahlekelwa yiminqweno yokutya.
• Ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo: Ulahlekelwa bubunzima ngequbuliso nangona ungatyi ukutya okanye ungawulolongi umzimba.
• Ukudumba: Ukuziva ugcwele nangona emva kokutya kancinci.
• Ukungagaywa kokutya: Ukuziva ngathi ukutya akugaywa.
• Isicaphucaphu: Uziva ngathi uza kuhlanza.
• I-Jaundice: Amhlophe emehlweni naselusu ajika abe tyheli. Oku kwenzeka xa inyongo ingaphumi kakuhle.
• Indle enombala okhanyayo, enamafutha (okanye i-steatorrhea): Indle itshintsha umbala ize ibe yioyile.
• Ukuziva ngathi liqhuma esiswini sakho: Ukuba iqhuma likhulu kakhulu, lisenokuvakala.

Yintoni ebangela ii-cysts ze-pancreatic?

Ii-cysts zePancreatic zikhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwiiseli. Ngamafutshane, iiseli zinotshintsho oluncinci kwiijini zazo ('uguquko lwemfuza') kwaye ziqala ukwahlukana ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Kodwa abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni olu tshintsho lwemfuza lwenzeka. Bacinga ukuba lunokuba yindibaniselwano yemfuza, ukudumba kwepancreas, kunye nezinye izinto zangaphandle, ezifana nokwaluphala. Ipesenti encinci kakhulu yee-cysts inxulumene ngokuthe ngqo neemeko ezithile zemfuza.

Ezinye zeengxaki zelifa ezinokuthi zinxulunyaniswe ne-pancreatic cysts ziquka:

• `Isifo sikaVon Hippel-Lindau`
• Isifo sezintso esine-polycystic (inani elikhulu lee-cysts kwizintso)
• `I-Cystic fibrosis`

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela umngcipheko kwi-pancreatic tumors:

• Ukukhula ngeminyaka: Umngcipheko wokuba nee-cysts zepancreatic uyanda njengoko ukhula. Ngokophando, kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nekota (25%) yabantu abakwiminyaka yabo engama-70 banazo.
• I-Pancreatitis: Ezinye iintlobo zeethumba zinxulunyaniswa ne-pancreatitis. Kwakhona, ezinye iintlobo zeethumba zinokubangela i-pancreatitis.
• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho ukhe waba nomhlaza wepancreatic, okanye ukuba unesifo esidluliselwa kwilifa esinxulunyaniswa nee-tumor zepancreatic, unamathuba amaninzi okuba nee-tumor zepancreatic.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zee-pancreatic tumors?

Iingxaki azixhaphakanga kakhulu, kodwa ukuba ziyenzeka, zingabandakanya:

• Ukuvaleka kombhobho wepancreatic:Ezinye iintlobo zeethumba ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'mucinous neoplasms' zinokukhupha into etyebileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'mucin' kwi-pancreatic duct. Le duct inokudumba, izalise, ize ekugqibeleni ivaleke. Oku kuthintela ii-enzymes zokugaya ukutya eziveliswa yi-pancreas ukuba zingadluli kwi-duct ziye emathunjini akho amancinci. Ezi enzymes emva koko zibuyela kwi-pancreas, ziyonakalisa kwaye zibangele ukudumba kwe-pancreas (pancreatitis). Okwangoku, inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya ayifumani ii-enzymes ezizidingayo ukuze itye ukutya.
• Ukuvaleka kwe-bile duct: Ukuba ithumba elikhulu licinezela i-bile duct, linokuthintela ukuhamba kwe-bile. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-cholestasis. Oku kubangela ukuba i-bile iqokeleleke, nto leyo enokonakalisa i-bile duct kunye nezinye izitho ezidibene nayo (njengesibindi). I-bile inokudibana negazi, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ezifana ne-jaundice.
• Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu: Ukuba ithumba elikhulu licinezela isisu sakho okanye amathumbu akho, unokufumana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zesisu, kuquka iintlungu zesisu, ukungakhululeki, ukudumba, ukuqhina, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukutya kunokuyeka ukuhamba kwinkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya ngokupheleleyo.
• Umhlaza wePancreatic: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ipesenti encinci kakhulu yeethumba zinokukhula zibe ngumhlaza. Amaxesha amaninzi, luhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi-adenocarcinoma. Umhlaza wePancreatic luhlobo lomhlaza olusasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwufumanisa kwangethuba.

Ungayixilonga njani i-pancreatic tumor?

Oogqirha basebenzisa ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo ukuze bafumanise ukuba kukho i-pancreatic cyst, kwaye ukuba ikhona, ukuba ijongeka njani:

• I-Radiology: Iindlela zokujonga ezisemgangathweni ophezulu, ezifana ne-CT scans okanye i-MRI scans, zinokubonisa ngokucacileyo iithumba zepancreas. Ezinye iintlobo zeethumba zinokuchongwa kwi-scan. Kodwa ezinye zifuna uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba loluphi uhlobo okanye ukuze kubonwe ukuba zineeseli zomhlaza na. Kwezi meko, oogqirha banokufuna ukuthatha isampuli (i-biopsy) yethumba.
• I-Endoscopic Ultrasound / Ukufuthwa Kwenaliti Encinci (EUS-FNA): Inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) ivumela ugqirha ukuba afake i-endoscope encinci kakhulu, eguquguqukayo (ityhubhu enekhamera kunye nesixhobo se-ultrasound) ngomlomo nasesiswini ukuze ifikelele kwi-pancreatic tumor. I-ultrasound iya kubonisa ngqo apho i-tumor ikhoyo, kwaye inaliti encinci (inaliti encinci) iya kudluliswa kwi-endoscope ukuze kususwe isampuli encinci yezicubu kunye nolwelo kwi-tumor. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-fine needle aspiration (FNA). Emva koko isampuli iyahlalutywa kwilebhu.
• Uhlalutyo lolwelo:Ulwelo lwe-cystic oluvela kwi-FNA luhlalutywa kwilebhu ukuze kuchongwe ukuba loluphi uhlobo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-cytology. Bakhangela izinto ezifana ne-mucin. I-Mucin inceda ekuchongeni ii-mucinous neoplasms. Bakwakhangela iimpawu ze-tumor ezifana ne-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). I-CEA yiproteni efumaneka egazini, kwaye amanqanaba ayo anokunika izikhokelo malunga nokuba khona komhlaza.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-pancreatic tumors?

Unyango lwe-pancreatic tumor luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka uhlobo lwe-tumor, ubungakanani bayo, nokuba ibonakalisa iimpawu, kunye nomngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza. Nazi iindlela eziphambili zonyango:

• Ukubeka esweni: Oku kuthetha ukungenzi nto, kodwa ukusoloko uhlola kwaye ujonge ukuba ithumba liyatshintsha na.
• `I-Biopsy`: Ukuthatha isampuli yethishu uze uyihlolisise ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba injani na ithumba.
• Ukususwa ngotyando: Ukuba ithumba lithathwa njengeliyingozi okanye libangela iingxaki, lisuswa ngotyando.

Uninzi lwee-cysts lunyangwa ngokubekwa esweni. Oku kuthetha ukuba uya kuba nee-imaging scans ngamanye amaxesha (rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6, ngonyaka, okanye nangaphezulu) ukuze ujonge i-cyst. Ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho olungathandabuzekiyo, kwenziwa i-EUS-FNA kwaye ulwelo luyahlolwa. Ukuba iziphumo zibonisa umhlaza, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uyisuse, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ukwimeko elungileyo na yotyando.

Ngaba ii-tumor ze-pancreatic ziyaphela zodwa?

Ezinye iithumba ezingenobungozi, ingakumbi ezincinci, zinokuncipha zodwa, okanye ngamanye amaxesha zinyamalale ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa iintlobo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-neoplastic, ezinokuba ngumhlaza, azipheli zodwa. Uninzi lwexesha, ziyaqhubeka zikhula, kodwa kancinci kancinci. Oogqirha bajonga ukukhula kwazo. Lo gama nje zihlala zincinci, ngaphandle kokuba zikhula kakhulu okanye zitshintshe ngendlela engathandabuzekiyo, oogqirha abenzi nto ngazo, bajonga nje.

Zikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani ii-tumor ze-pancreatic?

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-pancreatic tumors zikhula ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo, kodwa ngokubanzi, zikhula kancinci kakhulu. Ukuba i-tumor ikhula ngaphezu kwe-3 mm ngonyaka, oogqirha bayakrokra kwaye banike ingqalelo engakumbi. Ukuba i-tumor ijongwa ukuba kukho utshintsho, ijongwa rhoqo ngonyaka, rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini, okanye ngamanye amaxesha rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.

Kufuneka zisuswe nini ii-cysts zepancreatic?

Ezinye iithumba zepancreas zisenokufuna ukususwa ukuba zibangela iingxaki okanye kurhanelwa ukuba zingumhlaza. Kodwa utyando lwepancreas luyinkqubo enkulu, enemingcipheko yayo kunye nemiphumo emibi. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha beqwalasela ngononophelo ithumba ngalinye. Balandela izikhokelo zonyango ezineenkcukacha ukuze bagqibe ukuba baza kulityanda nini kwaye balisuse nini ithumba.

Nazi ezinye zezinto abaziqwalaselayo:

• Ubukhulu: Amaqhuma amakhulu kuneesentimitha ezi-3 (3 cm), okanye lawo abonakala ekhula ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo, anokufuna ukujongwa ukuba anobungozi bomhlaza. Ngamanye amaxesha, nangona amaqhuma amakhulu engenabungozi, anokufuna ukususwa kuba abangela ukungakhululeki okanye aphazamisane namanye amalungu omzimba.
• Uhlobo: Ezinye iintlobo zeethumba (umz., ii-MCN, ezinye ii-IPMN) zinomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza. Ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba zisuswe kwangethuba. Oogqirha baya kuvavanya umngcipheko womhlaza baze bawuthelekise neengozi zotyando, beqwalasela impilo yomntu ngokubanzi.
• Iimpawu ezibonakalayo: Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha babona iimpawu kwiiskeni ezibonisa ukuba ithumba lisenokuba ngumhlaza okanye lingaphambi komhlaza. Umzekelo, ungabona ukuba i-pancreatic duct yakho ikhulisiwe, nto leyo ethetha ukuba une-mucinous neoplasm ekhupha i-mucin kwi-duct. Okanye ungabona ukuba ithumba linamacandelo aqinileyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba alilo nje iqhuma elizele lulwelo, kodwa liqhuma eliqinileyo.
• Imeko yakho: Abanye abantu banezinye iimeko zempilo (ezifana nesifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile) okanye izinto ezibalulekileyo, ezifana nobudala, ezenza utyando lwepancreas lube yingozi kubo. Oogqirha baya kuvavanya ezi zinto zinobungozi ngomngcipheko wakho womhlaza ukuze benze isigqibo esifanelekileyo.

Utyando lokususa i-pancreatic tumor lwenziwa njani?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa ukuba kususwe ithumba, oko kuthetha ukuba uza kutyandwa. Olu tyando luyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha angasusa ithumba ngononophelo kwi-pancreas yakho. Kodwa rhoqo, iqhekeza le-pancreas yakho nalo kuya kufuneka lisuswe. Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ithumba likuphi, kunokufuneka lisuse nezinye iindawo zamalungu akufutshane (ezifana ne-spleen okanye inxalenye yamathumbu amancinci).

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyando ezinokwenziwa:

• Ukukhupha isisu: Oku kukususa ngononophelo ithumba elinye kwi-pancreas ngaphandle kokonakalisa izicubu ze-pancreas eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo. Ukuba unethumba elinye, elincinci, elingenabungozi, likwindawo ecacileyo, kwaye alibonakali njengomhlaza, ungafanelekela olu tyando luncinci.
• Ukususwa kwepancreat okuyingxenye:Oku kuquka ukususa inxalenye yepancreas equlethe ithumba okanye iithumba. Cinga ngepancreas yakho njengemile okwentlanzi. Ine "ntloko," "umzimba," kunye "nomsila." I-pancreatectomy ephakathi isusa inxalenye ephakathi yepancreas. I-distal pancreatectomy isusa umsila. Ngenxa yokuba umsila wepancreas kunye ne-spleen zihlobene kakhulu, i-distal pancreatectomy idla ngokubandakanya nokususa i-spleen (i-spleenectomy).
• Inkqubo yeWhipple (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-pancreaticoduodenectomy): Olu lutyando olukhulu kancinci. Inkqubo yeWhipple isusa intloko yepancreas kunye ne-pancreatic ducts. Iithumba ezinomhlaza, ezifana ne-mucinous neoplasms, zihlala zifumaneka kule ntloko. Kwakhona yindawo exakeke kakhulu apho inxalenye ephezulu yamathumbu akho amancinci (i-duodenum), i-pancreatic duct, kunye ne-common bile duct zidibana khona. Ukuba umhlaza ukho naphi na kule ndawo, unokusasazeka kwamanye amasebe, ngoko ke inkqubo yeWhipple ayisusi kuphela intloko yepancreas, kodwa ikwasusa ne-duodenum yakho, i-common bile duct, kunye ne-gallbladder, enamathele kwelinye icala le-common bile duct.
• Ukususwa kwepancreatectomy iyonke: Oku kuquka ukususwa kwepancreat yakho yonke . Oku kunokuba yimfuneko ukuba unezimila ezininzi ekufuneka uzisuse, okanye ukuba umhlaza ubonakala ngathi usasazeke kuyo yonke ipancreat yakho. Ukususwa kwepancreatectomy iyonke kunokususa imithambo yegazi ekufutshane kunye namalungu afana nespleen, inyongo, i-duodenum, kunye nenxalenye esezantsi yesisu.

Zithini iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi yotyando lwe-pancreatic cyst?

Utyando kwi-pancreas yakho lunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwayo okuqhelekileyo. Udinga i-pancreas yakho ukuba ivelise ii-enzymes kunye nee-hormone ezibalulekileyo zokugaya ukutya, kuquka i-insulin. I-insulin yi-hormone elawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini. Ukuba i-pancreatectomy yakho isusa iiseli ezininzi kakhulu ezenza ii-enzymes okanye i-insulin, kuya kufuneka uthathe unyango lobomi bonke ukuze uzitshintshe. Umzekelo, unokufuna i-insulin injections okanye iipilisi ze-digestive enzymes.

Ezinye iindlela zotyando lwe-pancreatectomy zisusa okanye zitshintshe ezinye izitho zomzimba. Zinokuchaphazela inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya, inkqubo yenyongo, kunye nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Usenokuba nobunzima bokugaya ukutya okuthile kunye nokufunxa ezinye izondlo (ingakumbi amafutha) emva koko. Ukuba wenze i-splenectomy, inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela isenokuba buthathaka kancinci, kwaye unokufumana usulelo rhoqo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezithile ezinokubakho zezi:

• Isifo seswekile: Ukuba iiseli ezivelisa i-insulin ziyatshatyalaliswa.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-pancreatic exocrine:Ukungoneli kwee-enzymes zokugaya ukutya eziveliswa yipancreas. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ukutya kudlule esiswini ngaphandle kokugaywa.
• Ukungafunxwa kwamafutha: Ukutya okunamafutha kunzima ukukugaya.
• Ukuzikhusela komzimba okubuthathaka: Ukuba i-spleen isusiwe.

Ezinye iingozi eziqhelekileyo zotyando zezi:

• Ukopha
• Iintsholongwane
• Amahlwili egazi
• Ukuvuza kwe-anastomotic (ukuvuza okuvela kwindawo apho izinto ezinje ngamathumbu zixhunyaniswa khona ngexesha lotyando)

Ingakanani ingozi ye-pancreatic tumor?

Ngokwezibalo, iithumba zepancreas azinakwenzeka ukuba zibangele iingxaki ezinkulu. Oogqirha banyanga iithumba zepancreas ngononophelo olukhulu, kuba bafuna ukuphepha nayiphi na ingozi. Baza kuvavanya ithumba lakho baze bagqibe ukuba zeziphi iindlela zokuzikhusela. Nangona utyando lwepancreas luyinto enzima, uninzi lweethumba zepancreas aludingi utyando. Ngoko ke, musa ukoyika xa ufumanisa ukuba unethumba.

Lingakanani ixesha lokusinda emva konyango lwe-pancreatic tumor?

Oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba kunye nokuba lisasazeke kangakanani. Ukuba ithumba lisusiwe ngaphambi kokuba libe ngumhlaza (ngaphambi komhlaza) okanye xa umhlaza ungasasazekanga (ongenasithintelo), izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu emva kotyando lomhlaza wepancreatic lisondele kwi-100%. Oku kuthetha ukuba iziphumo zilungile kakhulu. Kubantu abanomhlaza ohlaselayo, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu emva konyango limalunga ne-65%-75%. Oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Izinga lokufa (umngcipheko wokufa ngenxa yotyando) kulo naluphi na utyando olukhulu lwepancreatic ludla ngokuba malunga ne-4%.

Yeyiphi imibuzo endifanele ndiyibuze ugqirha wam malunga nee-cysts zam zepancreatic?

Xa ufumanisa ukuba unesimila sepancreatic, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Unelungelo lokubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• "Luhlobo luni lwethumba endinalo?"
• "Ingaba umngcipheko wam wokuba nomhlaza webele uphantsi, uphakathi, okanye uphezulu?"
• "Ndifanele ndifumane kangaphi i-imaging scan ukuze ndijonge amathumba am?"
• "Ngaba amabele am aza kukhula? Ukuba kunjalo, akhawuleza kangakanani?"
• "Nangona ndingenazo iimpawu, ngaba kufuneka ndilisuse eli thumba?"
• "Ukuba kufuneka ndenze utyando, zithini iingozi? Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga endiza kuzifumana?"

Xa ucinga ngomhlaza wepancreatic kunye notyando, nangona umngcipheko umncinci kakhulu, unokubangela ixhala elikhulu. Kodwa khumbula, uninzi lwee-tumor ze-pancreatic azikho into yokoyika. Izikhokelo zonyango zokujonga, ukuvavanya, kunye nokunyanga ii-tumor ze-pancreatic zenzelwe ukunciphisa olo loyiko lungafunekiyo kunye nokukhusela wena.

Ukukhula okungaqhelekanga (okufana nee-cysts) kuxhaphakile kwizitho ezininzi zomzimba, ingakumbi njengoko ukhula. Ii-cysts zePancreatic zizinye nje izitho onokuzongeza kolo luhlu. Umngcipheko wokuba ezi zihluma zibe ngumhlaza mncinane kakhulu. Ukuba ususa i-cyst engaphambi komhlaza kwangoko, ayizukuba nethuba lokuba ngumhlaza.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Musa ukoyika okanye ukoyika xa uxelelwa ukuba une-pancreatic cyst. Tsala umoya kwaye uthethe ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho.

Ixesha elininzi, ezi azinabungozi, azibonisi zimpawu, kwaye zifunyanwa ngengozi.

Ukuba ugqirha uthi loo nto, cela iinkcukacha. Cacisa uhlobo lwethumba onalo, indlela elinokukuchaphazela ngayo, kunye nento ekufuneka uyenze ngokulandelayo.

Nangona kukho iintlobo zomhlaza ezinokuvela, ngoku kukho iindlela eziphambili zokuzifumanisa, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, uzinyange ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo kwaye wenze iiskeni zokulandelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Emva koko akuyi kufuneka ukhathazeke ngale nto ngokungeyomfuneko. Phila ubomi obusempilweni!

I - Pancreas, ii-Pancreatic Cysts, umhlaza we-Pancreatic, iimpawu ze-Pancreatic, unyango lwe-Pancreatic, utyando lwe-Pancreatic