Awuboni na kude nawe? Masifunde nge-myopia!

Ngamanye amaxesha usenokungakwazi ukubona izinto ezikude ngokucacileyo, akunjalo? Eklasini, oonobumba ebhodini babonakala bengacacanga, okanye xa ubukele iTV, uziva ngathi ufuna ukusondela. Le yimeko abantu abaninzi abanayo, kodwa inokuchaphazela ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale meko yokungaboni kakuhle, ekuthiwa ngoogqirha yi-Myopia . Akukho nto yokoyika, siza kuthetha ngayo ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni i-myopia?

Ngamafutshane, i-Myopia kuxa sibona izinto ezikufutshane nathi, njengaxa sifunda incwadi okanye sijonga ifowuni yethu, ngokucacileyo, kodwa izinto ezikude – njengebhasi endleleni, umntu okude, okanye ibhodi eklasini – azibonakali ngokucacileyo. Khawuthelekelele uhamba endleleni kwaye kunzima ukufunda inombolo yebhasi evela kude, kodwa unokubona ngokucacileyo oonobumba abakwiphephandaba esandleni sakho. Le yimeko efanayo.

Amehlo ethu asebenza njengekhamera encinci. Imitha yokukhanya evela ngaphandle ingena elisweni kwaye kufuneka ihlangane (igxile) kwisikrini esibizwa ngokuba yi-retina ngasemva kweliso. Kulapho kuphela apho sinokubona umfanekiso ocacileyo. Kanye njengekhamera evelisa umfanekiso xa ukukhanya kubetha ifilimu.

Nangona kunjalo, imitha yokukhanya engena elisweni lomntu one-Myopia ayijolisi ngqo kwi-retina. Endaweni yoko, ijolisa kancinci phambi kwe-retina . Yiyo loo nto izinto ezikude zibonakala zingacacanga kwaye zingacacanga. Kunokubakho izizathu ezibini eziphambili zoku:

1. Iliso linokuba lide kancinci kunesiqhelo (ukwanda kobude be-axial yeliso).

2. Okanye ukwanda kokugoba (ukugoba) kwenxalenye ecacileyo ngaphambili kweliso, oko kukuthi, i-cornea , okanye ilensi engaphakathi kweliso.

Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, isiphumo kukuba ukukhanya kujoliswe kwindawo engafanelekanga kwaye umbono womgama uyaphazamiseka.

Siyibona njani le nto? Zithini iimpawu zayo?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho, okanye wena, unale meko, hlala ujonge ezi mpawu. Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi, kufuneka ukhathazeke.

• Izinto ezikude azicacanga: Olu lolona phawu lucacileyo nolucacileyo. Ukuba ungumntwana ofundayo, usenokukhalaza rhoqo ukuba awukwazi ukubona okubhalwe ebhodini eklasini. Okanye ungabukela iTV kufutshane kakhulu, okanye usenokungakwazi ukubona imiqondiso ekude xa uhamba.
• Ukubamba izinto ezifana neencwadi kunye namathoyizi kufutshane kakhulu nobuso babo: Ukuba bazibamba kufutshane kakhulu nobuso babo xa befunda incwadi, bejonga ifowuni yabo, okanye bezoba, oko kukwaluphawu oluqinileyo lwe-myopia. Kuba banokubona kuphela izinto ezikufutshane nabo ngokucacileyo.
• Ukufinya okanye ukuqhwanyaza rhoqo:Abanye abantu bayawakroba amehlo baze bawakrobe bezama ukubona into ekude. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'snitting'. Abanye abantu banokuqhwanyaza rhoqo okanye bawahlikihle amehlo abo.
• Intloko ebuhlungu kunye noxinzelelo lwamehlo: Amehlo akho kufuneka asebenze nzima ukuze agxile kuba awukwazi ukubona kakuhle. Oku kunokubangela iintloko ezibuhlungu, iintlungu zamehlo, kunye nokuziva uxinezelekile ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Oku kuqhelekile ngakumbi emva kwesikolo okanye emva kokuchitha ixesha elininzi ujonge ikhompyutha.
• Ukungabi namdla okanye ingqalelo kumsebenzi wesikolo: Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana abaziqondi izifundo kuba bengakwazi ukubona okusebhodini. Oku kunokukhokelela ekubeni bangabi namdla wokufunda kwaye balahlekelwe yingqwalasela eklasini.

Khawucinge nje, intombi yakho uNimali iza esikolweni ize ithi rhoqo, "Mama, andikuboni kakuhle oko utitshala akubhalileyo ebhodini." Okanye, ubona unyana wakho uAmal ebambe incwadi kufutshane namehlo akhe ngelixa efunda, ngokungathi ubuso bakhe bucinezelwe kwincwadi. Ngamaxesha anje, kuya kufuneka ucinge kancinci ngale nto (iMyopia).

Kutheni sihlakulela olu hlobo lokubona izinto ezikufutshane?

Kunzima ukukhomba isizathu esinye kuphela soku. Ngokwesiqhelo, yindibaniselwano yezinto ezininzi ezibangela oku.

• I-genetics: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba abazali bakho okanye amanye amalungu osapho lwakho anengxaki yokungakwazi ukubona kakuhle izinto, wena nabantwana bakho ninokuba nayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba yinto enokudluliselwa kwi -genetic ukusuka kwisizukulwana ukuya kwesinye.
• Indlela esisebenzisa ngayo amehlo ethu kunye nezinto ezisingqongileyo: Oku kuye kwaba yingxaki ebaluleke kakhulu namhlanje.
• Ukusebenza kakhulu kufutshane: Ukwenza umsebenzi omninzi kufutshane, njengokufunda iincwadi, ukujonga isikrini sekhompyutha, ukudlala imidlalo kwifowuni ephathwayo, okanye ukusebenza kwithebhulethi, kunokubangela ukuxinana kwamehlo. Uphando lufumanise ukuba oku kunokubangela kwaye kuyenze mandundu i-myopia.
• Ukuchitha ixesha elincinci ngaphandle: Oku kukwayinto entsha efunyenweyo, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngoku kuye kwabonakala ngokucacileyo ukuba abantwana abadlalayo nabachitha ixesha ngaphandle, ingakumbi elangeni lendalo, banomngcipheko omncinci wokufumana i-myopia. Kuthiwa ukuchitha ubuncinane iiyure ezimbini ngaphandle ngosuku kulungile. Ngoko ke ukuhlala ngaphakathi, uvaleleke kwiindonga ezine, akubonakali kulungile emehlweni.
• Utshintsho ngokweminyaka: I-Myopia idla ngokuqala xa umntu esiya esikolweni. Idla ngokuqala ukubonakala phakathi kweminyaka eyi-6 neyi-14. Emva koko, ngexesha lolutsha, oku kuphazamiseka kokubona kunokunyuka kancinci kancinci. Oku kukhula kudla ngokuqhubeka kude kube yiminyaka eyi-20, emva koko kuhlala kuzinza.

Ngamafutshane, ii-genes zichaphazela indlela amehlo ethu akhula ngayo, kwaye izinto esizenzayo ngamehlo ethu imini yonke kunye nendawo esihlala kuyo nazo zinempembelelo enkulu koku.

Uqiniseka njani ukuba unayo le nto? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, eyona nto ibalulekileyo neyona ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha wamehlo okanye ugqirha wamehlo . Banokukuhlola baze bakuxelele ukuba unayo na imeko kwaye inzima kangakanani (amandla ayo angakanani).

Olu vavanyo lwamehlo alunamsebenzi kangako, kwaye akukho nto yokoyika.

• Okokuqala, babuza ngombono wakho kunye nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onengxaki yamehlo.
• Emva koko ucelwa ukuba ujonge itshathi yamehlo enoonobumba, amanani, okanye imifanekiso (yabantwana) uze uyifunde. Oku kwenziwa ngeliso elinye livaliwe.
• Emva koko, basebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo (ezifana ne-phoropter kunye ne-retinoscope) ukuze baqondise ukukhanya emehlweni ukuze babone ukuba ukukhanya kugxile ngokuchanekileyo na kwaye loluphi uhlobo lwelensi oluya kukuvumela ukuba ubone kakuhle.
• Ngamanye amaxesha , amaconsi eliso avulekayo asetyenziselwa ukwandisa umfundi. Oku kuvumela umbono ongcono we-retina kunye ne-optic nerve. Oku kunokubangela umbono ofipheleyo wexeshana kunye nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emehlweni xa uphuma ngaphandle, kodwa oku kuya kuphela emva kwexesha elithile.

Emva kolu vavanyo lupheleleyo, ugqirha angakuxelela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba une-Myopia, ukuba kunjalo, nokuba ufuna iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana ukuze uyilungise, kunye nenani lazo.

Kulungile, ngoku yintoni enokwenziwa ngale nto, unyango kunye nolawulo?

Ngethamsanqa, kukho unyango olulula nolulungileyo lwe-myopia. Olu hlobo lonyango lusebenza ngokujolisa imitha yokukhanya engena ngqo kwi-retina.

1. Iiglasi (Iiglasi zamehlo)

Le yeyona ndlela ilula, ilula, kwaye ikhuselekileyo esetyenziswa ngabantu abaninzi. Xa unxiba iiglasi ezineelensi ezigobileyo ezenzelwe ukulingana nokukhubazeka kwakho kokubona, kuyanceda ekugxiliseni imisebe yokukhanya ngqo kwi-retina. Emva koko unokubona ngokucacileyo xa ukude.

• Kubantwana, iiglasi zihlala ziyindlela engcono neyokuqala kuba kulula ukuzisebenzisa, kulula ukuzilungisa, kwaye kulula ukuzinxiba.
• Xa ukhetha iiglasi, ngoku ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, imibala, kunye neefreyimu ezikhaphukhaphu. Ngoko ke ungakhetha leyo uyithandayo kunye nefanelekileyo ebusweni bakho. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukusebenzisa iiglasi ezenziwe kakuhle kwaye zinenani elifanelekileyo.

2. Iilensi zoQhagamshelwano

Ezi ziilensi ezincinci nezincinci ezibekwe ngaphakathi kweliso, phezu kwe-cornea. Ziyindlela elungileyo kubantu abangafuniyo ukunxiba iiglasi, ingakumbi abo badlala imidlalo, okanye abo baxhalabele inkangeleko yabo.

• Kodwa ukuba usebenzisa iilensi zokunxibelelana, kufuneka uzicoce kakuhle , uqaphele kakhulu xa uzifaka kwaye uzikhupha, kwaye usebenzise izisombululo ezifanelekileyo. Ngaphandle koko, unokufumana usulelo lwamehlo.
• Iilensi zokunxibelelana azifanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Kwakhona, oogqirha badla ngokuzicebisa kubantwana abadala (abakwishumi elivisayo) kunye nabantu abadala. Oko kufuna uqeqesho olufanelekileyo nokuqonda.

3. Utyando lokuHlola

Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa umqadi welaser ukutshintsha ngokusisigxina imo ye-cornea, ukuze ukukhanya kugxile ngqo kwi-retina. I-LASIK luhlobo lotyando olwaziwayo.

• Nangona kunjalo, olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa kuphela kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-18-21 ubudala ababona kakuhle (oko kuthetha ukuba inani leeglasi alitshintshanga unyaka okanye emibini). Alwenziwa kubantwana abancinci, kuba amehlo abo asakhula.
• Oku nako akulunganga wonke umntu. Kuxhomekeke kugqirha wamehlo ukuba agqibe ukuba uyakufanelekela na.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wamehlo ukuze akukhethele unyango olulungele wena okanye umntwana wakho. Uza kuhlola amehlo akho aze aqwalasele yonke into, kuquka iminyaka yakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kunye neemfuno zakho, ukuze akunike isisombululo esifanelekileyo.

4. Iindlela zokulawula i-Myopia (Ulawulo lwe-Myopia)

Kutshanje, kufunyenwe iindlela ezintsha zokulawula ukuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwe-myopia, ingakumbi ebantwaneni. Ezi aziyiyekisi ngokupheleleyo i-myopia, kodwa zinciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwayo.

• Amathontsi eliso e-Atropine aphantsi: La mathontsi eliso afunyenwe enciphisa kakhulu ukuqhubela phambili kwe-myopia xa esetyenziswa yonke imihla.
• IiLensi zoQhagamshelo ezikhethekileyo: Kukho iintlobo ezithile zeelensi zoqhagamshelwano ezine-multifocal ezinceda ukulawula i-myopia ebantwaneni.
• I-Orthokeratology (Ortho-K): Kule meko, iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ezikhethekileyo eziqinileyo zinxitywa ebusuku xa ulele. Ezi zibeka uxinzelelo oluthambileyo kwi-cornea ubusuku bonke, kwaye xa iilensi zisusiwe kusasa, unokubona ngokucacileyo imini yonke ngaphandle kweeglasi. Oku kunokulawula nokuqhubela phambili kwe-myopia.

Ungabuza nogqirha wakho wamehlo ngezi ndlela zokulawula (iMyopia).

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuthintela oku kungaboni kakuhle okanye ukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwayo?

Kunzima ukuyithintela ngokupheleleyo i-myopia, ingakumbi ukuba ibangelwa lufuzo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa esinokuzenza ukuze sinciphise inkqubela yayo kwaye sigcine amehlo ethu esempilweni:

• Dlala kwaye uchithe ixesha ngaphandle: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Kufunyaniswe ukuba ukudlala, ukuhamba, kunye nokuchitha ixesha ngaphandle kwindawo enelanga elihle ubuncinane iyure enye ngosuku, ingakumbi iiyure ezimbini, kulungile kakhulu emehlweni abantwana.
• Nika amehlo akho ikhefu kwimisebenzi yokujonga kufutshane: Nika amehlo akho ikhefu xa ufunda iincwadi, usebenza kwikhompyutha, okanye ujonge ifowuni yakho. Kukho into ebizwa ngokuba ngumthetho othi "20-20-20." Oko kuthetha ukuthi,Qho ngemizuzu engama-20, jonga into ekude (malunga neenyawo ezingama-20) ubuncinane imizuzwana engama-20. Oku kunika imisipha yamehlo akho ikhefu kwaye kunciphisa ukudinwa.
• Sebenza kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhanya: Xa ufunda iincwadi okanye ufunda, qiniseka ukuba igumbi likhanya kakuhle. Ukusebenza ekukhanyeni okuncinci okanye ukubukela iTV akulunganga emehlweni akho. Kwakhona, gcina izinto ezifana neencwadi kunye nezikrini kumgama othile ukusuka emehlweni akho.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Faka imifuno (njengeminqathe, ispinatshi), iziqhamo (ezifana neeorenji, ipapaya), kunye nentlanzi (ezifana nesalmon, i-mackerel, kunye ne-tuna) eziqulethe iivithamini (ingakumbi iivithamini A, C, kunye ne-E) kunye neeminerali ezilungileyo kwimpilo yamehlo.
• Hlola amehlo akho rhoqo: Nokuba akukho ngxaki, licebo elihle ukuba ujonge amehlo abantwana bakho ngugqirha wamehlo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Ngale ndlela, naziphi na iingxaki zinokubonwa kwangethuba.

Ezi zinto zisenokungayiyeki ngokupheleleyo i-myopia, kodwa zinokunceda ekucothiseni inkqubela yayo kwaye zigcine amehlo akho esempilweni.

Sifanele siye nini kugqirha ngokuqinisekileyo?

Kwezi meko, kubalulekile ukuba ungalibazisi ukubona ugqirha wamehlo:

• Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa uphawu olunye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla (umz., ukuthi akakwazi ukubona ibhodi, ukuncwina amehlo, ukubamba iincwadi kufutshane nobuso bakhe xa efunda, okanye ukukhalaza rhoqo ngeentloko ezibuhlungu).
• Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nibona utshintsho ngequbuliso ekuboneni kwakhe , okanye ukuba umbono wakhe uba lufiphale okanye umbono wakhe uba kabini.
• Ukuba unezinye iingxaki ezifana namehlo abuhlungu, abomvu, okanye arhawuzelelayo .
• Nokuba akukho ngxaki, kungcono ukuba umntwana wakho ahlolwe amehlo okokuqala xa eqala isikolo (phakathi kweminyaka emi-3-5 ubudala). Emva koko, mhlole rhoqo njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisile.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho one-myopia okanye ezinye izifo zamehlo, kububulumko ukuba abantwana bahlolwe kwangethuba.

Khumbula, amehlo sisitho esixabisekileyo nesinobuthathaka. Ngoko ke ukuba unamathandabuzo, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Musa ukuyenza mandundu ingxaki ngokwenza nantoni na ovakalelwa kukuba uyayithanda.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto esifanele sizikhumbule kweli bali? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Ukubona kufutshane, okanye iMyopia, sisifo abantu abaninzi abanokuba naso, ingakumbi abantwana abakwiminyaka yesikolo. Asiyongxaki inzima, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uyiqaphele uze ufumane unyango nolawulo olufanelekileyo.

• Qaphela iimpawu: Ziqaphele izinto ezinje ngokubona izinto ezikufutshane, ukukrwitsha amehlo, ukufunda iincwadi kufutshane kakhulu, kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu rhoqo, ingakumbi kubantwana bakho.
• Funa ingcebiso kagqirha: Ukuba unamathandabuzo, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha wamehlo uze uhlolwe amehlo akho.
• Fumana unyango olufanelekileyo:Izisombululo ezilula ezifana neeglasi kunye neelensi zoqhagamshelwano zinokunceda ukulawula le meko kunye nokufezekisa umbono ocacileyo. Kwakhona qaphela iindlela zokulawula ukwanda kwe-myopia ebantwaneni.
• Lumka amehlo akho: Izinto ezilula ezifana nokudlala ngaphandle, ukuthatha ikhefu kwimisebenzi ekufutshane, kunye nokusebenza kwiimeko zokukhanya ezifanelekileyo zinokugcina amehlo akho esempilweni.

Ngoko ke, ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nicinga ukuba ninayo le ngxaki, nceda ningoyiki okanye ningoyiki. Bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane iingcebiso nonyango olufunekayo. Emva koko wena nomntwana wakho ninokubona eli hlabathi lihle ngokucacileyo nangolonwabo!

Ukubona kufutshane, ukubona kude, i-myopia, ukubona, amehlo abantwana, iiglasi, i-Myopia