Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo ekufuneka ulazi malunga nempilo yomntwana wakho: Masithethe nge-PUBS (Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling)?

Molo! Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngovavanyo olunokuthi oomama abaninzi baloyike kancinci, bafune ukwazi ngalo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nempilo yosana. Olu vavanyo lubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling)`. Amagama abonakala emade kancinci, akunjalo? Ngoko ke siza kulibiza ngokuba yi-`(PUBS)` ngamafutshane. Usenokuba ukhe waliva eli gama, okanye ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukuxelele ngalo. Ngoko ke yintoni i-`(PUBS)`? Kutheni lenziwa? Yenziwa njani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngayo yonke le nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le vavanyo lwe-PUBS, gqirha?

Ngamafutshane, `(PUBS)` luvavanyo oluthatha isampuli yegazi ngqo kwi-umbilical cord yomntwana osesibelekweni . Cinga ngayo njengokuba sinika isigulane igazi, kule meko kuvavanywa inani elincinci legazi lomntwana. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Cordocentesis)`, `(umzekelo wegazi lomntwana ongekazalwa)` okanye `(umzekelo we-umbilical vein sampling)`. Nangona kukho amagama amaninzi, into efanayo yenziwa.

Ngoku, olu vavanyo lwe-`(PUBS)` alulovavanyo oluqhelekileyo njengezinye iimvavanyo. Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-`(Amniocentesis)` (uvavanyo oluthatha ulwelo oluncinci kusana) okanye `(Chorionic Villus Sampling - CVS)` (uvavanyo oluthatha ulwelo oluncinci lwe-placenta esibelekweni sikamama). Uninzi lwexesha, oogqirha benza olu vavanyo kuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iziphumo zolu vavanyo azicacanga ngokwaneleyo, okanye ukuba kukho into ekufuneka ijongwe nzulu ngakumbi, okanye ukuba ufuna ukwazi into ethile ngokukhawuleza, ke olu vavanyo lwe-`(PUBS)` luyasetyenziswa. Oko kukuthi, olu luvavanyo olwenziwa kwiimeko ezimbalwa ezikhethekileyo, xa kufuneka wazi into ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo malunga nempilo yomntwana.

Kutheni ke ngoku olu vavanyo lwe-PUBS lwenziwa? Lufuna ntoni?

Usenokuba uzibuza, kutheni usenza into efana nale xa kukho ezinye iimvavanyo ezikhoyo? Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokwenza uvavanyo lwe-`(PUBS)`:

• Jonga ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho ingxaki kwiichromosomes zomntwana: IiChromosomes, oko kukuthi, ``IiChromosomes'' zezona zinto zincinci emzimbeni wethu. Zifana nencwadi equlethe lonke ulwazi lwethu lwemfuza. Zichaphazela ukukhula komntwana, inkangeleko yakhe, nayo yonke enye into. Ngoko ke olu vavanyo lunokujonga ukuba kukho nasiphi na isiphene emntwaneni, umzekelo, imeko efana ne-``Down Syndrome''. Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukuthandabuza malunga neziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo , oku kungasetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa oko.
• Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unezinye iingxaki zempilo: Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banokukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho une-anemia, isifo seplatelet, okanye imeko ye-thyroid. Ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuneka kuvavanywe isampulu yegazi lomntwana wakho. Kulapho uvavanyo lwe-PUBS luba lubaluleke kakhulu khona.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, ngokusekelwe kulwazi olufunyenwe kolu vavanyo, unyango ngamanye amaxesha lunokuqala ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni.

Ziziphi iingenelo ezikhethekileyo zovavanyo lwe-PUBS?

Enye yezona nzuzo zinkulu zolu vavanyo kukukhawuleza kwalo . Iziphumo zihlala zifumaneka kwiintsuku nje ezintathu. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu xa kufuneka wazi imeko yomntwana ngokukhawuleza.

Ukongeza, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba umntwana une-anemia okanye isifo se-platelet, indlela ekuphela kwayo yokuqinisekisa oko kukusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-PUBS. Oku kungenxa yokuba isampuli yegazi lomntwana ithathwa ngqo, kungekhona isampuli yamanzi njengezinye iimvavanyo.

Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba kuyimfuneko, umntwana anganikwa igazi okanye olunye ulwelo olufunekayo ngelixa uvavanyo lusenziwa. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba olu vavanyo lubonisa ukuba umntwana une-anemia eninzi, umntwana anganikwa igazi ngelixa inaliti isekhona. Oku kunokusindisa ubomi bomntwana.

Ingaba kulungile na ukuba ndithathe olu vavanyo lwe-PUBS? Ngubani ocebisa ukuba luthathwe?

Ayingabo bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo abacetyiswayo ukuba benze olu vavanyo lwe-``(PUBS)```. Ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa olu vavanyo kuphela ukuba kukho izizathu ezithile. Umzekelo:

• Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho okanye ukungaqheleki kumntwana wakho ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound.
• Ukuba iziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo zangaphambili (umz., i-Amniocentesis) azicacanga, okanye ukuba kufuneka uqinisekiso olongezelelweyo lwezo ziphumo.
• Ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba kukho ukungangqinelani phakathi kweentlobo zegazi likamama nosana (`ukungangqinelani kwe-Rh`). Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela iingxaki kumntwana. Ngoko ke ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa okunjalo, olu vavanyo lwe-`(PUBS)` lunokuqinisekisa oko.
• Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukurhanelwa kokuba umntwana ufumene usulelo esibelekweni, olufana ne-toxoplasmosis.

Kukwiimeko ezinje apho ugqirha aza kuthetha nawe aze afumanise ukuba kufuneka uvavanyo lwe-`(PUBS)`.

Kodwa ngaba kukho umngcipheko koku? Masiqaphele loo nto.

Ewe, njengakuyo nayiphi na uvavanyo lwezonyango, kukho iingozi ezincinci ezinxulumene novavanyo lwe-PUBS. Kuyaqondakala ukuba uzive uxhalabile malunga novavanyo olufana nolu. Into ephambili ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba ezi ngozi azifumaneki lula.

• Kukho ithuba elinqabileyo kakhulu lokuphuphuma kwesisu .
• Kungenjalo, kunokubakho usulelo .
• Ukopha okuphuma kwi-umbilical cord kunye nokwehla okuncinci kwesantya sentliziyo yomntwana nako kungenzeki rhoqo.

Kodwa ungoyiki ngokungeyomfuneko oku. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe ngokucacileyo ngazo zonke ezi ngozi. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze olu vavanyo, kufuneka uhlolisise ngononophelo iingenelo kunye neengozi ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo. Oogqirha benza olu vavanyo ngononophelo olukhulu, besebenzisa i-ultrasound scan.Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubuza ugqirha uze ucacise nayiphi na imibuzo, uloyiko, okanye amathandabuzo onawo.

Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo lwe-PUBS? Nceda ucacise kancinci.

Uloyiko lwakho luya kuncipha kancinci xa sele ufundile ukuba olu vavanyo lwenziwa njani. Lwenziwa ngoogqirha abanobuchule nabanamava.

1. Okokuqala, uza kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini wokuskena we-ultrasound. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone kakuhle umntwana osesibelekweni sakho kunye nentambo yosana.

2. Emva koko, ulusu olusesiswini sakho luya kucocwa kwaye kufakwe i-anesthetic encinci ukuze lungabi nantlungu. Ngoko awuyi kuva iintlungu ezininzi.

3. Emva koko, ugqirha, phantsi kwesikhokelo se-ultrasound scan, uza kufaka inaliti ende necolekileyo esiswini sakho, esibelekweni sakho, nakwimithambo yegazi ekwi-umbilical cord yomntwana.

4. Nje ukuba inaliti ikwindawo efanelekileyo, isampuli yegazi elincinci itsalwa kwisirinji.

5. Emva kokuba isampuli yegazi ithathiwe, inaliti isuswa ngononophelo.

Ekubeni yonke le nkqubo ijongwa bukhoma nge-ultrasound scan, ugqirha unokujonga ukuba inaliti iya ngqo apho kufanele iye khona na kwaye ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ngomntwana. Emva kovavanyo, uza kuhlolwa okwethutyana ngaphambi kokuba uthunyelwe ekhaya.

Olu vavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa nini ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Uvavanyo lwe-PUBS ludla ngokwenziwa emva kweeveki ezili-18 zokukhulelwa . Ngeli xesha, umntwana sele ekhule ngokwaneleyo kwaye intambo yomntwana ibonakala ngokucacileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuba ithathe isampuli yegazi. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, inokwenziwa kamva. Oku kugqitywa ngugqirha wakho.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwazi iziphumo?

Le yenye into elungileyo ngovavanyo lwe-`(PUBS)`. Ngokwesiqhelo, iziphumo zifumaneka kwixesha elifutshane, malunga neentsuku ezi-3. Ngamanye amaxesha zinokufumaneka kwangethuba. Ngenxa yesi santya, ukuba kukho nayiphi na ingxaki ngomntwana, amanyathelo afunekayo anokuthathwa ngokukhawuleza.

Ngaba masizikhumbuze ngezona zinto zibalulekileyo esithethe ngazo? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masiphinde sichaze iingongoma eziphambili esixoxe ngazo malunga novavanyo lwe-`(PUBS)` namhlanje:

• ``(PUBS)`` luvavanyo olukhethekileyo oluthatha igazi ngqo kwi-umbilical cord yomntwana .
• Oku kwenzelwa ukufumanisa ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo iingxaki ngeekhromosomu zomntwana, i-anemia, kunye nosulelo .
• Oku kudla ngokwenziwa xa ezinye iimvavanyo zingabonisi ziphumo zicacileyo okanye xa kufuneka ulwazi olungxamisekileyo.
• Iingenelo ziziphumo ezikhawulezayo, ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, kunye nokukwazi ukunyanga umntwana ngexesha lovavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko .
• Ngokwesiqhelo kwenziwa emva kweeveki ezili-18 zokukhulelwa .
• Kukho iingozi ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu ezibandakanyekayo kolu vavanyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neenzuzo kunye neengxaki zolu vavanyo kwaye ubuze nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo.

Khumbula, ezi mvavanyo zikho ukuze zikuncede wena nomntwana wakho. Ngoko ke ungoyiki, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo yonke into, kwaye ujongane nale nto ngengqondo ezolileyo. Sikunqwenelela okuhle kodwa wena nomntwana wakho ongekazalwa!

Ii - PUBS, Isampuli yeGazi ye-Percutaneous Umbilical, iCordocentesis, Isampuli yegazi kwi-umbilical cord, Uvavanyo lokukhulelwa, Impilo yomntwana, Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweChromosomal, Uvavanyo lwangaphambi kokubeleka