Ngaba wakha waziva ukuba indawo ekufutshane nendlebe yakho ivuvuka ngequbuliso kwaye ibuhlungu kangangokuba awukwazi nokuyichukumisa? Ngaba le ntlungu ibonakala iyanda, ingakumbi xa ubona ukutya okumnandi okanye xa utshica emlonyeni wakho? Abanye abantu banokufumana oku kudumba kunye nomkhuhlane. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kukudumba nje okuza kuphela ngosuku okanye ezimbini. Kodwa oku kungaba yingxaki 'kwi-parotid gland', eyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu. Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngendlela elula namhlanje, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni kanye kanye iParotid Gland?
Ngamafutshane, i-parotid gland yeyona nto iphambili kwi-salivary gland yethu. Kukho iipere ezintathu ze-salivary glands ezinkulu emlonyeni wethu. Esona sibini sikhulu se-glands yi-parotid gland. Ezi glands zimbini zifumaneka kumacala omabini ezidlele zakho, phambi nangaphantsi kweendlebe zakho.
Cinga ngengaphakathi lomlomo wethu njengomatshini osebenza rhoqo. Sithetha, sitya, size siginye izinto. Ukuze lo matshini usebenze kakuhle nangokutyibilikayo, udinga into efana nokuthambisa. Yiloo nto umlomo wethu ubizwa ngokuba yi-'saliva'. Eyona mizi-mveliso mikhulu nebaluleke kakhulu evelisa la mathe yi-parotid gland.
Ngoko ke kwenzeka ntoni kumathe akhutshwa yile gland?
Oku akusiyo amanzi nje kuphela, kodwa kwenza izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu.
- Ukugcina umlomo umanzi: Amathe anceda ukugcina imilomo yethu imanzi kwaye ingenakomisa, ukuze sikwazi ukuthetha nokuginya ukutya ngokulula.
- Ukunceda ekugayweni kokutya: Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya esikutyayo iqala emlonyeni. Amathe, aveliswa yi-parotid gland, ane-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-amylase . Oku kukuqala inyathelo lokuqala ekugayweni kokutya okunesitatshi (njengesonka nerayisi) esikutya emlonyeni.
- Inciphisa iintsholongwane eziyingozi emlonyeni: Umlomo wethu uhlala kwizigidi zeentsholongwane. Amathe anokulawula ezi ntsholongwane ziyingozi aze anciphise umngcipheko wokosuleleka ngomlomo.
- Ikhusela ekuboleni kwamazinyo: Amathe ahlamba amasuntswana okutya aze athintele iiasidi eziyingozi emazinyweni. Ke ngoko, amathe abalulekile ekuthinteleni ukubola kwamazinyo.
Ubusazi? Ngokwesiqhelo, ii-parotid glands zivelisa malunga ne-10% yamathe apheleleyo emlonyeni wethu. Kodwa xa sisitya, ezi glands zisebenza ngakumbi, zinyusa imveliso yamathe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-25%!
Iphi kanye kanye le gland emzimbeni wethu kwaye injani?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, la madlala mabini abekwe phambi nangaphantsi kweendlebe zakho, kumacala omabini ezidlele zakho. Ukuchaneka, kufuneka abe phezulu komhlathi wakho ongezantsi. Elinye lala madlala livuleka liye kumjelo omncinci ofana netyhubhu (`umjelo kaStensen`). Kulapho amathe aphumayo angena khona emlonyeni wakho. Lo mjelo uvula kufutshane namazinyo aphezulu entlango kumhlathi wakho ongaphezulu.
Ngembonakalo, ifana nephiramidi ejonge phantsi. Inxalenye ephezulu ibanzi kwaye iyancipha njengoko isihla. I-nerve ebaluleke kakhulu elawula iimvakalelo zobuso bethu, i-facial nerve , idlula kwi-gland. Le nerve yahlula i-gland ibe ngamacandelo amabini (i-superficial lobe kunye ne-deep lobe). Yingakho oogqirha beqaphela kakhulu xa besenza utyando kwi-parotid gland. Kuba ukuba loo nerve yonakele kancinci, elinye icala lobuso linokuwa kwaye amathe anokuvuza ekhoneni lomlomo.
Kutheni le nto le parotid gland idumba? Zithini izizathu?
Kulungile, ngoku makhe sijonge ingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Kutheni le nto le gland idumba ngequbuliso ize ibe buhlungu? Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zoku. Masizihlalutye ngolu hlobo.
| Ingxaki/imeko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukwakheka kwamatye amathe (i-Sialolithiasis) | Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Iiminerali ezifana necalcium ematheni ziyaqokelelana kwaye zenze amatye amancinci ngaphakathi kwimibhobho ethwala amathe. Xa usitya, uvelisa amathe amaninzi, kwaye la matye ayanamathela, ethintela amathe ukuba angaphumi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba indlala idumbe kwaye ibangele iintlungu eziqatha. |
| Usulelo lwe-gland (i-Sialadenitis) | Le ndlala inokosulelwa yibhaktiriya okanye iintsholongwane. Umzekelo, umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, i-mumps, lusulelo lwentsholongwane lwe-parotid gland. Ezinye izifo zebhaktiriya zinokubangela ukuba idumbe, ibe bomvu, kwaye ibe nomkhuhlane. |
| Ukwakheka kweethumba kwi-gland | Ngamanye amaxesha iithumba zinokukhula kwi-parotid gland. Musa ukoyika xa usiva oku. Malunga ne-80% yezi thumba azingomhlaza, ziithumba eziqhelekileyo. Zinokukhula zibe nkulu, kodwa zisenokungabi buhlungu. |
| Umhlaza | Oku kunqabile kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iithumba ezinomhlaza zinokukhula kweli gland. Ezi zihlala zikhula ngokukhawuleza, zinokuba buhlungu, kwaye zinokubangela ukugoba kobuso ngenxa yoxinzelelo kwimithambo-luvo yobuso. |
Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zale ngxaki?
Amaxesha amaninzi, nokuba yintoni na imbangela, kukho iimpawu ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi, musa ukuyithatha njengento eqhelekileyo.
- Ukudumba kwesidlele kunye nendawo yomhlathi: Icala lesidlele elikufutshane nendlebe lidumba ngequbuliso okanye kancinci kancinci.
- Intlungu: Intlungu iza nokudumba. Intlungu iyanda ngakumbi xa ucinga ngokutya, ukutya, okanye ukucinga ngento emuncu . Oku kungenxa yokuba ubungakanani bamathe aphumayo buyanda.
- Umkhuhlane: Ukuba kukho usulelo, umzimba usenokuba shushu kwaye ube nomkhuhlane.
- Ubunzima bokuvula umlomo wakho: Ukudumba kunokwenza kube nzima ukuvula nokuvala umlomo wakho.
- Umlomo owomileyo: Ukuba enye yemibhobho yamathe ivalekile, unokufumana umlomo owomileyo.
- Incasa embi emlonyeni: Ukuba ubomvu buvele ngenxa yosulelo, usenokuba nencasa embi okanye ivumba elibi emlonyeni wakho.
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Xa usiya kugqirha onezi mpawu, into yokuqala aza kuyenza kukubuza imibuzo. Uza kukubuza imibuzo malunga nokuba ukudumba kuthathe ixesha elingakanani, ukuba intlungu injani, nokuba iba mandundu na xa usitya, nokuba unomkhuhlane na.
Emva koko, ubuso bakho, izidlele zakho, kunye nomhlathi wakho ziya kuhlolwa ngononophelo. Baza kujonga ukudumba, ukuthamba, ukufudumala, kunye nentlungu. Baza kuhlola nomlomo wakho ukuba akukho bomvu, ubomvu, okanye ukuphuma kwamanzi kwi-salivary glands.
Uninzi lwexesha, olu vavanyo lokuqala luya kunika ugqirha umbono olungileyo ngengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo ukuqinisekisa unobangela ochanekileyo.
| Igama lovavanyo | Ngamafutshane, wenza ntoni ngayo? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lokuFanekisa | Usenokucelwa ukuba wenze i -ultrasound scan, i-CT scan, okanye i-MRI scan ukuze ubone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kwi-gland. Oku kungabonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba kukho amatye, ithumba, okanye ingqokelela yobofu. |
| I-Needle Biopsy | Ukuba kukho isikrokro sokuba kukho ithumba, ugqirha uza kusebenzisa inaliti encinci ukuze athathe ezinye iiseli ezikudumba aze azithumele kwilebhu. Oku kuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba zinomhlaza okanye akunjalo. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke kwisizathu sengxaki yakho.
- Ukuba sisifo: Ukuba sisifo sebhaktheriya, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane afanelekileyo, kunye namayeza omkhuhlane kunye nentlungu.
- Ukuba ilitye lincinci kakhulu, ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba usele amanzi amaninzi, utye into emuncu efana netofi okanye ilamuni. Oku kuya kunceda amathe akho aphume kwaye kuncede ekutyhaleni ilitye. Angakufundisa nendlela yokuhlikihla idlala. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka udibane nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba uzame ezi zinto wedwa. Ukuba ezi zinto azisebenzi, kunokufuneka wenze utyando oluncinci ukuze ususe ilitye.
- Ukuba kukho ithumba: Ukuba kukho ithumba, unyango olungcono ludla ngokuba lutyando (`Parotidectomy`) ukususa ithumba okanye inxalenye yedlala.
- Ukuba ngumhlaza: Ukuba umhlaza uqinisekisiwe, unyango lwemitha okanye i-chemotherapy lunokufuneka ukongeza kutyando.
Singenza ntoni ukuze sigcine la madlala esempilweni?
Asinakuyithintela yonke le ngxaki, kodwa kukho izinto ezilula esinokuzenza ukuze sigcine amathe ethu esempilweni.
- Sela amanzi amaninzi imini yonke: Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni yenye yezizathu zokwakheka kwamatye amathe. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba usela amanzi afunekayo imini yonke.
- Itshungama okanye itofi engenaswekile: Ukuhlafuna oku kukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwamathe, nto leyo enceda ukugcina imibhobho icocekile.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya:Ukutshaya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwamadlala amathe kwaye kuyingozi enkulu kumhlaza.
- Nciphisa i-caffeine kunye notywala: Ezi zinto zinokuwucoca umzimba, ngoko ke kungcono ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo.
- Lumka ucoceko lomlomo wakho: Ukuxubha amazinyo akho kabini ngemini nokugcina umlomo wakho ucocekile kunceda ekuthinteleni usulelo.
Okokugqibela, ukuba i-parotid gland yakho idumbile kwaye ibuhlungu, musa ukuyityeshela. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi zizinto ezinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngonyango olulula. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, into efana notyando inokuba yimfuneko. Ke ngoko, ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha wakho kwaye ufumane ingcebiso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Musa ukungayinaki into yokudumba kunye nentlungu esidleleni kufutshane nendlebe njengesiqhelo. Isenokuba yingxaki kwi-parotid gland.
- Ukuba intlungu iyanda, ingakumbi xa usitya okanye ucinga ngento emuncu, luphawu oluqinileyo lokuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungenxa yamatye akwimibhobho yamathe (i-sialolithiasis).
- Ukuba unale mpawu, kuphephe ukuhlala ekhaya, ukuqikelela okanye ukuthembela kuphela koko ukufunde kwi-intanethi. Ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha wakho.
- Uninzi lweengxaki ze-parotid gland zinokunyangwa lula ngee-antibiotics okanye amayeza alula asekhaya. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.
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