Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye uxhalabile xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba, "Unomngxuma omncinci entliziyweni yakho." Kodwa akufuneki ukhathazeke ngale nto. Kuba le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-PFO esithetha ngayo namhlanje ichaphazela umntu omnye kwabane kuphela emhlabeni, kwaye uninzi lwexesha ayinabungozi. Ngoko masiyazi ngcono.
Kalula nje, yintoni le PFO?
Igama elipheleleyo le-PFO yiPatent Foramen Ovale . Ngamafutshane, lo ngumngxuma omncinci phakathi kwamagumbi amabini aphezulu entliziyo yethu (esiwubiza ngokuba yi-atria) ohlala ungavalwanga emva kokuzalwa.
Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Owu, ndinomngxuma entliziyweni yam?" Kodwa inyaniso yile: Sonke sinalo mngxuma engqondweni yethu xa sisesibelekweni. Siwubiza ngokuba yi-'Foramen Ovale.' Oku kubalulekile.
Yintoni le mngxuma esibelekweni?
Cinga nje, umntwana akaphefumli ngemiphunga yakhe xa esesiswini sikanina. Umntwana ufumana igazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi alifunayo kumama ngentambo yesisu. Ngoko ke xa eli gazi linomoya-mpilo omninzi lifikelela entliziyweni, aliyi emiphungeni, kodwa lisuka ngqo kwigumbi eliphezulu lasekunene lentliziyo liye kwigumbi eliphezulu lasekhohlo , elibizwa ngokuba yi-'Foramen Ovale'. Kulapho igazi liya khona engqondweni yomntwana nakumzimba wonke.
Nje ukuba umntwana abelekwe aze aphefumle okokuqala, imiphunga iqala ukusebenza. Emva koko akukho mfuneko yaloo ndlela imfutshane. Ngoko ke lo mngxuma uhlala uzivalela wodwa, rhoqo ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe neminyaka emi-3 ubudala.
Igama elithi 'Patent' lithetha 'ukuvula'. Ngoko ke 'Patent Foramen Ovale' (PFO) lithetha ukuba umngxuma uvulekile ngaphandle kokuvalwa.
I-PFO iyichaphazela njani umzimba wam?
Abantu abaninzi (malunga nomntu omnye kwaba-4) banale PFO, kodwa ayibangeli zimpawu okanye iingxaki. Baphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo bengazi nokuba banayo.
Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, oku kunokuba yingxaki kwabanye abantu. Uyazi ukuba kwenzeka njani?
Ngamanye amaxesha amahlwili egazi amancinci anokwenzakala kwimithambo enzulu yemizimba yethu, ingakumbi emilenzeni yethu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi- deep vein thrombosis (DVT) . Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuba ihlwili legazi liyaphuma lize liye entliziyweni, lithunyelwa lisuka entliziyweni liye emiphungeni. Imiphunga yethu isebenza njengesihluzo , ibambe la mahlwili egazi ize iwanyibilikise.
Kodwa kumntu one-PFO hole, eli hlwili legazi 'linokutsiba' ukusuka kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo ukuya kwicala lasekhohlo, ngaloo mngxuma. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ihlwili legazi linokugqitha isihluzo esisemiphungeni lize liye ngqo engqondweni, ezintso, okanye naphi na emzimbeni.
Ukuba iyahamba iye engqondweni ize ibambeke kumthambo omncinci, inokubangela istroke esibizwa ngokuba yi-ischemic stroke.Le yeyona ngozi iphambili enxulumene ne-PFO.
Ngubani onokuthi afunyaniswe ene-PFO?
Nabani na unokuba ne-PFO, kodwa idla ngokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo ngesinye isizathu. Abantu abakula maqela banamathuba amaninzi okufunyanwa bene-PFO:
- Abantu abane-cryptogenic stroke: Ukuba i-stroke yenzeka kumntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-60 kwaye kungekho sizathu sicacileyo sifumanekayo, oogqirha baya kujonga i-PFO, njengoko umntu omnye kwababini abanale meko unokuba nayo.
- Abantywila: Xa abantywila benyuka ngokukhawuleza, utshintsho loxinzelelo lunokubangela ukuba kubekho amaqamza omoya egazini. La maqamza anokuhamba nge-PFO aye engqondweni, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki.
- Abakhweli beentaba: Kukholelwa ukuba ukuba ne-PFO kunokubangela ezinye zeemeko ezenzeka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
Zithini iimpawu ze-PFO?
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, uninzi lwabantu alunazo iimpawu.
Kodwa kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba umngxuma mkhulu kancinci okanye ukuba udibene nezinye izifo zentliziyo, ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela.
- Ukwehla kwamanqanaba eoksijini egazini.
- Intloko ebuhlungu efana ne-migraine.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla xa uhleli okanye umile (i-platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome).
- Iimpawu zokuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwimilenze okanye amalungu omzimba afana nezintso.
Kodwa khumbula, i-PFO idla ngokufunyanwa emva kokuba umntu enesifo sohlangothi , uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo (TIA) , okanye uhlaselo lwentliziyo , ngelixa ezama ukufumanisa unobangela.
Oogqirha bayifumana njani i-PFO?
Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi zokufumanisa ukuba ngaba i-PFO ikhona na.
1. Ukumamela nge-stethoscope: Ngamanye amaxesha, xa ugqirha emamele intliziyo yakho, unokuva isandi esingaqhelekanga (ukumbombozela) njengoko igazi lihamba kwi-PFO. Kodwa oku akuqhelekanga kangako.
2. I-Echocardiogram: Le yeyona ndlela iphambili neyona ilungileyo yokuxilonga i-PFO. Ifana nokuskena intliziyo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili.
- I-Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE): Oku kuquka ukufaka ijeli kumphezulu wesifuba sakho nokubeka isixhobo esifana neprobe kuso ukuze uthathe imifanekiso yentliziyo yakho.
- I-Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE):Oku kuvumela imifanekiso ecacileyo yentliziyo. Iprobe encinci eqhotyoshelwe kwityhubhu encinci ifakwa ngomlomo, yehla kwi-esophagus, ize ibekwe ngasemva kwentliziyo. Uza kunikwa i-anesthetic ekhaphukhaphu ngaphambi kokuba wenze le nkqubo, ukuze ungaziva ungonwabanga.
3. Uvavanyo lweBubble: Oku kungenziwa ngexesha elinye ne-echo. Oku kuquka ukushukumisa isixa esincinci sesisombululo se-saline de siphume amaqamza uze usifake emthanjeni wakho. Ukuba une-PFO, iqamza le-saline liya kubonakala ngokucacileyo kwi-echo scan njengoko lidlula emngxunyeni liye kwelinye icala lentliziyo.
Ngaba i-PFO ifuna unyango?
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Uninzi lwabantu aludingi naluphi na unyango. Nokuba bane-PFO, ukuba ayibangeli mngcipheko, ugqirha uya kubaxelela ukuba bangacingi ngayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhe waba nestroke ngaphambili kwaye ucinga ukuba imbangela yiPFO, okanye ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana amahlwili egazi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango.
Iindlela zonyango zinokwahlulwa zibe ziinxalenye eziphambili ezininzi.
| Indlela yonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Amayeza | Oku kuquka ukunika amayeza okunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants). Imizekelo ibandakanya i-aspirin , i-clopidogrel , okanye i-warfarin . Ezi zinciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi. |
| Utyando lwe-Endovascular | Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokuvala umngxuma. Ayifuni utyando olukhulu. Umbhobho omncinci (i-catheter) ufakwa ngomthambo omkhulu emlenzeni okanye engalweni uze ukhokelwe ukuya entliziyweni. Emva koko, isixhobo esincinci sidluliselwa kwimbhobho kwaye umngxuma we-PFO uvalwe kumacala omabini. Oku kufana nokuvala umngxuma ngeeambrela ezimbini. |
| Utyando lwentliziyo | Le nkqubo ingasetyenziswa xa ezi ndlela zingasentla zingenakwenzeka, okanye ngexesha lotyando lwentliziyo. Inokuba lutyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo okanye utyando oluncinci. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando olukhulu kangaka ukuze uvale i-PFO. |
Ugqirha wakho uza kuhlola imeko yakho aze agqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki kunyango?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingozi ezincinci kakhulu ezinxulumene nezi ndlela zonyango. Nangona kunjalo, azixhaphakanga kakhulu. Ukopha, izingqisho zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (i-atrial fibrillation), kunye nosulelo zinokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ngozi zincinci kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neenzuzo zonyango.
Liza kuba njani ikamva lam xa ndine-PFO?
Impendulo yale nto ilula kakhulu kwaye iyaqinisekisa: ilungile kakhulu!
Abantu abaninzi baphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobusempilweni bengazi nokuba bane-PFO. Nokuba kufuneka unyango, ingakumbi emva kotyando lokuvala umngxuma, iziphumo ziyaphumelela kakhulu. Abantu abaninzi bayachacha ngokupheleleyo, baqhubeka nobomi babo bemihla ngemihla ngaphandle kweengxaki, kwaye baphila ubomi obupheleleyo.
Ukuba usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa luxelelwa ukuba lune-PFO, ungakhathazeki ngayo. Uninzi lwexesha, luya kuvala ngokwalo njengoko lukhula.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-PFO (iPatent Foramen Ovale) ngumngxuma omncinci ophakathi kwamagumbi amabini aphezulu entliziyo ongavalekiyo emva kokuzalwa. Le yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu.
- Sonke sinalo eli thuba xa sisesibelekweni. Libalulekile ekujikelezeni kwegazi lomntwana.
- Uninzi lwabantu alufumani zimpawu okanye iingxaki zempilo ngenxa ye-PFO.
- Ingozi ephambili kukuba ihlwili legazi elenzeka emzimbeni lingadlula kulo mngxuma liye ebuchotsheni lize libangele isifo sohlangothi. Kodwa oku kunqabile.
- Uninzi lwabantu aludingi naluphi na unyango. Unyango lufuneka kuphela kwabo basengozini enkulu yestroke.
- Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-PFO, musa ukoyika kwaye thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho. Uza kukunika lonke ulwazi kunye nesikhokelo osidingayo.
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