Yintoni iPeripheral Blood Smear (PBS)? Masifunde ngovavanyo lwakho lwegazi ngendlela elula!

Nokuba unesifo somkhuhlane okanye esinye isifo, ugqirha wakho uhlala ekucela ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi, akunjalo? Sidla ngokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi olupheleleyo (FBC). Oku kunika umbono olungileyo ngenani leeseli egazini lakho. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukujonga iiseli zakho zegazi ngokusondeleyo, njengomcuphi phantsi kwemakroskopu, ukuze abone ukuba zinjani na iimilo, ubungakanani, kunye nombala wezo seli. Yiyo loo nto sibiza uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwalo ngokuba yiPeripheral Blood Smear (PBS) okanye "uvavanyo lwefilimu yegazi."

Ngamafutshane, yintoni le blood film test (PBS)?

I-Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) luvavanyo olubandakanya ukuthatha ithontsi legazi lakho, ulisasaze njengefilimu encinci kwisilayidi seglasi, ulifake idayi ekhethekileyo, uze ulijonge phantsi kwemakroskopu.

Into ekhethekileyo ngale nto kukuba endaweni yokuba umatshini unike ingxelo efana novavanyo lwegazi, lo uhlolwa yingcali yezonyango yelabhoratri (i-MLT) okanye ingcali yezifo. Oku kuthetha ukuba yonke inkcukacha encinci yeeseli zakho zegazi ihlolwa ngeliso lomntu . Kwanotshintsho oluncinci kunye neemilo ezingaqhelekanga zeeseli umatshini angenakukwazi ukuzibona zinokubonwa lula liliso elinobuchule.

Kutheni ugqirha ekuxelela ukuba wenze olu vavanyo lwe-PBS?

Kusenokuba kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba kutheni ungafuna ukwenza olu vavanyo.

Khawuthelekelele ukuba ingxelo yakho yokubala igazi ngokupheleleyo (i-FBC) ibonisa ukuba inani leeseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, okanye iiplatelet ziphantsi kakhulu okanye ziphezulu kakhulu kunesiqhelo. Ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukwazi, "Kutheni oku kusenzeka?"

Kwakhona, ungacelwa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi:

• Iimpawu ezingachazwanga: Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokudinwa okungapheliyo, umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, kunye nemivumbo engachazwanga, olu vavanyo lunokukunceda ufumane unobangela.
• Jonga impumelelo yonyango: Ukuba unyangwa isifo esinxulumene negazi, uvavanyo lwe-PBS luya kwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba unyango luphumelele na kwaye iiseli zakho zegazi zibuyela esiqhelweni.
• Ngaphambi kokufakelwa umongo wethambo:Ikwasetyenziselwa ukufunda ngakumbi ngemeko yeeseli zakho zegazi kunye nomongo wamathambo ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe into efana nokufakelwa iiseli ze-stem.

Yintoni enokufunyanwa lolu vavanyo ngegazi lethu?

Ukuze siqonde ukuba uvavanyo lwe-PBS lujonge ntoni, masiqale ngokuzikhumbuza ngabalinganiswa abathathu abaphambili egazini lethu.

Kuvavanyo lwe-PBS, imakroskopu ihlola zonke iintlobo ezintathu zeeseli ngokweenkcukacha. Zigxila kakhulu kwezi:

• Utshintsho kubungakanani kunye nokuma kweeseli: Umzekelo, imilo yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi inokutshintshwa, njengokuba zimile okwesikele okanye zimile okwethagethi. Olu tshintsho lunokubonelela ngezikhokelo malunga nezifo ezahlukeneyo zegazi.
• Utshintsho kwinani leeseli: Njengakwi-FBC, oku kujonga nenani leeseli. Kwangaxeshanye, kujonga nokuba iiseli zibonakala "ziphilile" okanye "zingaqhelekanga".
• Umahluko kwiintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi: Kukho iintlobo ezi-5 zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ubungakanani bohlobo ngalunye bujongwa ngokukodwa, ukuba kukho naziphi na izinto ezingaqhelekanga kwinkangeleko yazo, nokuba kukho naziphi na iiseli ezingavuthwanga (ukuqhuma).
• Iintsholongwane egazini:Ngamanye amaxesha, iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo ezifana nemalariya zinokubonakala ngaphakathi kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Uvavanyo lwe-PBS luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu lokufumanisa imalariya.

Zeziphi izifo ezinokunceda uvavanyo lwe-PBS luchonge?

Olu vavanyo sisixhobo esinamandla kakhulu esisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga izifo ezininzi ezinxulumene negazi.

I-Leukemia - Umhlaza wegazi

Umongo wethu 'ngumzi-mveliso wethu wokwenza igazi'. Xa inani elikhulu leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezingaqhelekanga ziqala ukwakheka ngaphakathi kweli shishini, zikhupha iiseli eziphilileyo. Ezi seli zomhlaza ezingaqhelekanga nezingavuthwanga (ukuqhuma) zinokubonakala ngokucacileyo kuvavanyo lwe-PBS.

I-anemia

I-anemia iyenzeka xa umzimba ungenazo iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisempilweni ngokwaneleyo. Oku kunokwenzeka ngezizathu ezininzi. Kwiimeko ezinje ngokunqongophala kwesinyithi, ukunqongophala kwevithamini B12, okanye i-thalassemia, imo kunye nobukhulu beeseli ezibomvu zegazi buyatshintsha. Olu tshintsho lunokuchongwa ngokulula nge-PBS kwaye lunokubonelela ngesikhokelo sokufumana unobangela we-anemia.

Isifo seMyelodysplastic

Lo ngumhlaza womongo wamathambo. Kwimeko enjalo, umongo awukwazi ukuvelisa iiseli zegazi eziphilileyo nezivuthiweyo (ezibomvu, ezimhlophe, okanye iiplatelets). Ezi seli ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ezimile kakubi zibonakala kwi-PBS.

I-Lymphoma - umhlaza we-lymph nodes

Lo ngumhlaza okhula kwinkqubo yethu ye-lymphatic. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi seli zomhlaza zinokungena egazini. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ezo seli ze-lymphoma ezingaqhelekanga zinokuchongwa ngovavanyo lwe-PBS.

Izifo Ezihlaselayo Nezifo Ezizikhusela Ngokwazo

Xa kukho into emzimbeni efana nosulelo lwebhaktiriya, uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ii-neutrophils) ezilwa nalo luyanda, kwaye unokubona utshintsho kwimbonakalo yazo (utshintsho olunobuthi). Ngokufanayo, kwiintsholongwane ezifana ne-dengue, unokubona utshintsho kwezinye iintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ii-lymphocytes). Kwizifo ezizikhuselayo (izifo apho inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu ihlasela imizimba yethu), unokubona nokuncipha kwenani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi okanye olunye utshintsho.

I-Malaria

I-Malaria ibangelwa yi-parasite engena egazini lethu isuka kwingcongconi. Le parasite ihlala ngaphakathi kweeseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi. Xa ijongwa nge-microscope kuvavanyo lwe-PBS, ezi parasite zinokubonakala ngokucacileyo ngaphakathi kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ke ngoko, olu luvavanyo olubalulekileyo ekuxilongeni i-malaria.

Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo? Ingaba lubuhlungu?

Akukho nto yokoyika ngale nto. Kulula kakhulu.

1. Njengovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo, isampuli yegazi encinci ithathwa kumthambo osengalweni yakho.

2. Emva koko, ithontsi legazi libekwa kwislayidi yeglasi, kwaye esinye islayidi sisetyenziselwa ukusisasaza njengefilimu encinci.

3. Emva kokuba yomile, ifakwa imibala ekhethekileyo ize ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope.

Uza kuva nje ukuhlatywa kancinci yinaliti. Ngaphandle koko, akukho okunye ukungakhululeki okanye iintlungu ezinxulumene nolu vavanyo.

Yintoni esifanele siyiqonde kulwazi olukwingxelo?

Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Xa ufumana ingxelo yakho ye-PBS, ungothuswa ngamazwi akuyo. Ingxelo ye-Peripheral Blood Smear ayisiyonto yokugqibela exilongwayo.

Ingxelo ye-PBS inceda ugqirha ukuba acinge ngakumbi, aqinisekise amathandabuzo akhe, okanye agqibe ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo aza kuzenza ngokulandelayo.

Ngoko ke, ungaze woyike ukukhangela amagama akwingxelo kuGoogle uze ubone ukuba kuvela ntoni . Eli gama linye linokuba neentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo kwizifo ezininzi. Ngugqirha okunyangayo kuphela owaziyo ukuba lihambelana njani nemeko yakho. Ngoko ke thatha ingxelo, udibane nogqirha wakho nize nithethe ngayo. Uza kukuchazela yonke into ngokucacileyo nangokulula.