Ngaba wakha waphawula into efana ne-blister encinci okanye inxeba elincinci eluswini lwakho elikhula kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha? Lisenokuba likhazimle okanye liqhekeke. Nantsi into esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, i-basal cell carcinoma, okanye
i-Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) . Ungakhathazeki, le yimeko enokuphiliswa rhoqo. Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha.
Zithini iiBasal Cells?
Ngamafutshane, ii-basal cells zii-cells ezincinci ezifumaneka kumaleko ophezulu wolusu lwethu, inxalenye yolusu esinokuyibona nesiyichukumisayo, ngokwezonyango ebizwa ngokuba
yi-epidermis . Ezi cells zinceda ekwenzeni ii-cells ezintsha zolusu. Ziyahlukana kwaye zenze ii-cells ezininzi ezifana nazo. Njengoko kwenziwa ii-cells ezintsha, ii-cells ezindala ziyanyuswa, zife, kwaye ziyaphuma emizimbeni yethu. Le yinkqubo eqhelekileyo.
Ngoko ke yintoni iBasal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)?
I-Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) luhlobo lomhlaza wolusu esithethe ngalo ngaphambili. Lolona
hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wolusu. Ngokuqhelekileyo iqala njengebala elincinci, ngamanye amaxesha elikhazimlayo, elinamaqhuma okanye amaxolo eluswini. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, liya likhula ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili. Masibone ukuba zeziphi:
- Uhlobo lwe-nodular: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-BCC . Ibonakala njenge-pimple engqukuva. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho imithambo yegazi emincinci ebonakala ngokucacileyo ecaleni kwayo. Oogqirha babiza oku ngokuthi ``Telangiectasias```.
- Uhlobo lokusasazeka okungaphezulu: Kolu hlobo, kuvela amabala kumphezulu wesikhumba. Anombala okhanyayo kancinci kunombala wesikhumba oqhelekileyo kwaye awanabunzulu. Anokuvela ngakumbi esiqwini, ezingalweni nasemilenzeni.
- Uhlobo lweSclerosing (okanye iMorpheaform): La mabala anomhlaza abonakala ngathi ngamanxeba. Nangona kunjalo, la manxeba aya ekhula ngokukhula. Olu hlobo luhlala lubonakala ebusweni. Ngamanye amaxesha lunokuqala njengebala elincinci elibomvu eluswini.
- Uhlobo olunombala: Olu luhlobo olungaqhelekanga . Oku kwenzeka xa indawo ethile yesikhumba iba mnyama kunesikhumba esijikelezileyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi -hyperpigmentation .
Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana i-basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
I-basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
inokukhula nakubani na . Nangona kunjalo, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Ixhaphake kakhulu
nakubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo namehlo akhanyayo.Umngcipheko wokuba nale meko uphezulu. Umntu okhe waba ne-BCC usenokuba nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nolunye uhlobo lomhlaza wolusu (umhlaza wolusu ongengomelanoma) kwixesha elizayo.
Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?
I-basal cell carcinoma
lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza ngokubanzi, kwaye lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wolusu . Kwilizwe elifana neMelika, kuthiwa inani lamatyala amatsha abikiweyo minyaka le lingaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-4. Le meko inokubonwa rhoqo kwilizwe lethu.
Zithini iimpawu ze-basal cell carcinoma?
Jonga ukuba ulusu lwakho lunalo naluphi na utshintsho kwezi:
- Amaqhuma eluswini, amadyungudyungu , amaqhuma , izilonda eziqhekekileyo, okanye amabala .
- Eli qhuma lisenokuba likhanya kancinci . Lisenokuba ngumbala ofana nombala wesikhumba sakho oqhelekileyo, okanye linokuba mhlophe, pinki, mdaka, mnyama, okanye luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Iqhuma lisenokukhazimla kancinci kunesikhumba esijikelezileyo, kwaye imithambo yegazi emincinci isenokubonakala .
- Eli qhuma lisenokukhula ngokuhamba kwexesha .
- Usenokuziva urhawuzelelwa okanye uqaqanjelwa kwindawo apho iqhuma likhona.
- Iqhuma linokuba sisilonda, likhuphe ulwelo olucacileyo okanye liphume igazi xa lichukunyiswa .
Ziphi iimpawu ezixhaphakileyo?
Ii-basal cell carcinomas zidla ngokuvela
kwiindawo zomzimba ezivezwe lilanga . Ezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo zezi:
- Ubuso
- Intloko (kwabo bangenazo iinwele entlokweni)
- Impumlo
- Amaconsi amehlo
- Imilenze
- Iindlebe
- Izandla
Yintoni ebangela i-basal cell carcinoma?
Isizathu esiphambili kukuba
i-DNA kwiiseli zethu iyatshintsha . Olu tshintsho ludla ngokwenzeka xa ulusu lwethu luchatshazelwa
yimitha ye-UV eninzi evela elangeni okanye kwimitha ye-UV eyenziweyo evela kwiibhedi zokutshisa ilanga . Cinga ngayo ngathi iijini zethu zifana nencwadi yemiyalelo ye-DNA yomzimba wethu. Le miyalelo yiyo eyenza iiseli ezintsha zikhule. Njengokuba xa ungena kwigumbi, uvula isibane, kwaye iiseli ezisisiseko zenza iiseli ezintsha xa kufuneka. Xa uphuma kwigumbi, ucima isibane, kwaye xa ungasazidingi, ziyeka ukwenza iiseli ezintsha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho utshintsho kwiijini,
kuba ngathi iswitshi yokukhanya ayinakucinywa . Emva koko iiseli ezisisiseko ziyaqhubeka nokwenza iiseli ezintsha ngokungeyomfuneko. Le yindlela
iithumba okanye izilonda ezenzeka ngayo eluswini . Amaxesha amaninzi,
I-Basal cell nevus syndrome, okanye i-Gorlin syndrome, yimeko yelifa enokubangela i-BCC ebuntwaneni. Uyibona njani le nto?
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimbonakalo ye-skin mole yakho, ugqirha unokurhanela ngoko nangoko ukuba yi-basal cell carcinoma. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa, ugqirha uza kukuxilonga aze akubuze imibuzo malunga neempawu zakho:- Ulibonile nini eli qhuma/ibala eluswini lwakho?
- Ingaba ubungakanani bale nto butshintshile?
- Ngaba ngoku ibonakala yahlukile kunakuqala?
- Ingaba oku kuyabuhlungu okanye kuyarhawuzelela?
- Ngaba wakha waba nomhlaza wolusu ngaphambili?
Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluqinisekisa oku?
Emva kovavanyo lomzimba, ugqirha angenza iimvavanyo ezifana nezi ukuqinisekisa ngakumbi:- I-biopsy yolusu: Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lolusu kwindawo ekrokrisayo uze ulihlole phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza na.
- Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Akuqhelekanga ukuba i-basal cell carcinoma isasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba ikho, banokuyalela i -MRI scan okanye i-CT scan ukuze babone ukuba isasazeke na kwiindawo ze-lymph nodes okanye kwizitho zangaphakathi.
Ugqirha uza kusebenzisa iziphumo zezi mvavanyo ukuze afumanise inqanaba lesifo sakho. Oku kuza kuquka:- Ubungakanani be-mole/i-tumor kunye nokuba isasazeke kangakanani kwiithishu ezingaphantsi kolusu.
- Ingaba kukho iimpawu zomhlaza kwi-lymph nodes.
- Ingaba umhlaza usasazeke (usususwe) na kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
- Ubungakanani, imilo, indawo ye-mole, kunye nesantya ekhula ngaso.
Iphathwa njani?
I-basal cell carcinoma inyangwa ngokususa umhlaza emzimbeni . Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwayo:- Ukucoca nge-electrodesication kunye ne-curettage: Oku kubandakanya ukukhuhla iqhubu elinomhlaza ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo (i-curette) uze emva koko utshise indawo ngesixhobo sombane.
- Utyando: Ukususwa kweqhubu okanye ibala elinomhlaza nge-scalpel. Oku kwenziwa ngeendlela ezibizwa ngokuba yi-excision okanye i-Mohs surgery .
- Unyango lwe-cryotherapy okanye utyando lwe-cryosurgery: Ukususwa kwethumba elinomhlaza ngokuliqandisa.
- I-Chemotherapy: Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza anamandla okutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza emzimbeni. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kusetyenziswa eluswini njengekhrimu.
- Unyango lwe-Photodynamic (PDT):Indlela etshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza ngokufaka ulwelo olukhethekileyo olunokukhanya eluswini kwaye lukhanyisele ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kulo.
- Unyango lweLaser: Ukusebenzisa imitha yelaser (imisebe enamandla aphezulu) endaweni ye-scalpel ukususa umhlaza.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nempilo yakho iyonke, ubudala, indawo ohlala kuyo umhlaza, kunye nobukhulu be-BCC. Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ayinyangwa?
Ukuba awuyinyangi i-basal cell carcinoma, umhlaza wolusu ungakhula uze usasazeke kwizicubu ezinzulu phantsi kolusu, ezifana nezihlunu, amathambo, kunye ne-cartilage . I-BCC inokuba buhlungu, yophe igazi, ize yosuleleke. Nangona ingaqhelekanga kakhulu, i-basal cell carcinoma inokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba kwaye ibangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezisongela ubomi. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuyiqonda nokuyinyanga kwangethuba.
Ngawaphi amayeza oku?
Ngokwesiqhelo, umhlaza ususwa ngotyando okanye ngenye indlela. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, ukuba i-basal cell carcinoma yakho iqhubele phambili kwindawo okanye isasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba (i-metastasized), kukho iintlobo ezimbini zamayeza avunyiweyo yi-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA):- I-Vismodegib: Yeyokwasekhaya okanye esasazeke kude (BCC).
- I-Sonidegib: Ye-BCC esasazekileyo.
La mayeza anikwa abantu abangafanelekanga utyando okanye unyango lwemitha. La mayeza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokuxhuzula kwemisipha, utshintsho kwincasa, kunye nokuncitshiswa kweenwele. Kufuneka ukuphephe ukukhulelwa ngelixa usebenzisa la mayeza kwaye emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa unyango. Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibangelwa kutyando?
Naluphi na utyando lushiya isilonda . Umngcipheko wokopha okanye usulelo uphantsi, kodwa ukho. Lithini ithemba ngale meko?
Isiganeko esilindelekileyo kubantu abafunyaniswe bene-basal cell carcinoma (BCC) silungile kakhulu . Akuqhelekanga ukuba i-BCC isasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ize ibangele umonakalo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba i-BCC ibuyele emva kokuba isusiwe. Ukuba ubona indawo entsha ejikeleze isilonda ebesinyangiwe ngaphambili, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Usinda njani kule nto?
Nangona i-basal cell carcinoma ingenakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo, ungenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:- Nciphisa ukuvezwa elangeni phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini. Kulapho imitha yelanga inamandla khona.
- Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iibhedi zokutshisa ilanga ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukuba ungaphandle okanye ubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi efana nokudada, nxiba isithambisi sokukhusela ilanga esine-SPF engama-30 nangaphezulu yonke imihla. Kwaye phinda usifake rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini.
- Nxiba impahla eyenzelwe ukuzikhusela elangeni (ene-UPF), iminqwazi emikhulu, kunye neeglasi zelanga.
- Jonga ulusu lwakho ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga.Jonga amaqhuma okanye amabala amatsha.
- Yiya kugqirha wesikhumba kube kanye ngonyaka ukuze uhlolwe ulusu lwakho.
- Ukuba ubona naziphi na iingxaki okanye utshintsho eluswini lwakho, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba ukuthatha i-500 milligrams ye-nicotinamide, uhlobo lwe-vitamin B3, kabini ngemini, kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana umhlaza omtsha wolusu obizwa ngokuba yi-squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) kunye ne-squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuba unengxaki yolusu engapholiyo yodwa. Ukuba ubona indawo entsha okanye iqhuma eluswini lwakho, ukuba i-mole ekhoyo ibonakala ikhula, okanye ukuba unerhashalala eluswini ehamba nentlungu okanye ukurhawuzelelwa, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?
Ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:- Isifo sam sikuliphi inqanaba?
- Ingaba umhlaza usasazeke nakwamanye amalungu omzimba?
- Ngaba kufuneka ndidibane nogqirha wesikhumba?
- Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango olucebisayo?
Oku kwahluke njani kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wolusu?
I-Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wolusu. Kukwakho nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wolusu:- I-Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): Olu lolona hlobo lwesibini oluxhaphakileyo lomhlaza wesikhumba emva kwe-basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Ibangelwa kukwanda kakhulu kwee-squamous cells eluswini, nto leyo eyenza amaqhuma anomhlaza. Ixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezivezwe lilanga entloko nasentanyeni, esiqwini, nasemiphethweni.
- I-Melanoma: I-Melanoma luhlobo lomhlaza wolusu oluqala kwiiseli ezinika ulusu umbala walo, ezibizwa ngokuba yi -melanocytes . Nangona ingaqhelekanga njenge-BCC okanye i-SCC, ngumhlaza oyingozi onokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni wonke ukuba awuqatshelwa kwaye unyangwe kwangethuba.
Yintoni i-precancer?
I-Actinic keratosis (AK) ayilomhlaza wolusu. I-AK kukukhula kweeseli kumaleko ophezulu wolusu (i-epidermis) okubangelwa kukuvezwa elangeni ixesha elide. Le meko ayisiyomhlaza (oko kukuthi , ayinabungozi ), kodwa ekugqibeleni inokuphuhla ibe ngumhlaza wolusu (ngakumbi i-squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) . I-Actinic keratosis idla ngokubonakala kwiindawo ezivezwe lilanga zentloko nentamo, ngaphezulu kweendlebe, emilebeni, nasezingalweni nasemilenzeni. Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule
Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa ufumana iqhuma elinomhlaza eluswini lwakho. Kodwa khumbula, i-basal cell carcinoma (BCC) yimeko eqhelekileyo kwaye inokunyangeka ngempumelelo . Ungabuyela kubomi bakho besiqhelo kungekudala.Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuzikhusela elangeni kwaye uphephe ukusebenzisa iibhedi zokutshisa ilanga. Ukuba ubona iqhuma elitsha, i-blister, okanye ibala eluswini lwakho , bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze akuhlole, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ufumane unyango . Emva koko ungaphila ngokupheleleyo kule meko.
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