Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ingqondo yakho ivakalelwa njani ukuba ikomityi eshushu yeti ishushu xa uyibambe esandleni sakho? Okanye ungayishukumisa njani ingalo yakho okanye uhambe nanini na xa ufuna? Emva kwayo yonke le nto kukho 'inkqubo yokudibanisa intambo' emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yiPeripheral Nervous System (PNS) .
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwenkqubo ye-nervous ephakathi neye-peripheral?
Kulungile, masiqonde oku ngokulula. Yonke inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini aphambili.
1. Inkqubo yeNervous ePhakathi (CNS): Le 'yiOfisi yethu eNkulu'. Iquka ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo kuphela. Zonke izigqibo emzimbeni zenziwa kwaye yonke into ilawulwa apha.
2. Inkqubo yeNervous yePeripheral (PNS): Le yinethiwekhi 'yentambo yefowuni' okanye 'yocingo' eqala 'kwiofisi enkulu' kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngamafutshane, ibandakanya yonke imithambo-luvo emzimbeni wethu ngaphandle kwengqondo kunye nomqolo. Igama elithi "peripheral" lithetha "ukusuka embindini ukuya ngaphandle."
Khawuthelekelele ukuba ingqondo yakho yeyona khompyutha inamandla kakhulu emhlabeni. Kodwa akuncedi nganto ukuba akukho keyboard, ikhamera, okanye imakrofoni yokufaka ulwazi kuloo khompyutha. Ngokufanayo, i-PNS yethu sisixhobo esizisa ulwazi engqondweni malunga nehlabathi langaphandle kwaye senza imiyalelo yengqondo.
Yintoni kanye kanye eyenzekayo ngale PNS?
Le nkqubo yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini aphambili enza imisebenzi yawo.
- Inkqubo yeSomatic: Eli lilungu lomzimba elilawula izinto esizenzayo ngabom nangabom , njengokushukumisa iingalo zethu, ukuhamba, okanye ukujika incwadi.
- Inkqubo Yokuzimela: Le yeyona nxalenye imangalisayo. Ilawula izinto ezenzeka kuthi ngaphandle kokuba siqaphele . Asicingi ngazo. Umzekelo, izinto ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo, ukuphefumla, ukugaya ukutya, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
Xa zizonke, ezi nkqubo zimbini zenza imisebenzi emithathu ephambili ye-PNS. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.
| Umsebenzi ophambili | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Iimvakalelo | Kukukwazisa ingqondo ngento eyenzekayo kwihlabathi elisingqongileyo. Yonke into ukususela kubushushu, ukubanda, intlungu, ukuchukumisa, njl.njl. iya engqondweni ngezi mithambo-luvo. Lo ngumsebenzi wenkqubo yomzimba. |
| Intshukumo | Kukudluliselwa kwemiyalelo esuka ebuchotsheni ukuya kwizihlunu esinokuzilawula ngeengqondo zethu. Yiyo loo nto sishukumisa amalungu ethu. Oku kukwangumsebenzi wenkqubo yomzimba. |
| Iinkqubo ezingazi nto | Ukulawula izinto ezibalulekileyo ebomini bethu, kodwa esingazicingiyo. Izinto ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo yethu kunye nokuphefumla. Lo ngumsebenzi wenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezimeleyo. |
Iintlobo zemiyalezo yemithambo-luvo
Imithambo-luvo yethu ifana nentambo eyenziwe ngemisonto emininzi. Ngaphakathi kule ntambo kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemisonto, okanye iiseli zemithambo-luvo. Ezinye zazo zithwala ulwazi oluya engqondweni, kwaye ezinye zazo zithwala ulwazi oluvela engqondweni.
- Iimithambo-luvo: Ezi zithwala ulwazi oluvela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ukuya engqondweni nakwi-spinal cord , njengee-spy.
- Imithambo-luvo yemithambo-luvo: Le mithambo-luvo ithwala imiyalelo esuka engqondweni iye kwiindawo ezifana nezihlunu. Njengomkhosi owenza imiyalelo.
- Iimithambo-luvo ezizilawulayo: Ezi ziimithambo-luvo ezilawula imisebenzi yezitho zethu ngokuzenzekelayo. Zifumana imiyalelo evela engqondweni kwaye zikwathwala ulwazi malunga nemeko yezitho zilubuyisele engqondweni.
Yenziwe ngantoni i-PNS?
Ukuba sithelekisa inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo nomthi ojonge phantsi, ingqondo yingcambu yomthi. Umqolo yisiqu. Emva koko i-PNS yinxalenye esasazeka ukusuka kwisiqu somthi, njengamasebe kunye namahlumela. Oko kuthetha ukuba isasazeka emzimbeni wonke.
Le nkqubo yenziwe ikakhulu ziintlobo ezimbini zeeseli zemithambo-luvo.
1. Ii-Neuron: Ezi ziiseli eziphambili ezithumela kwaye zifumana imiyalezo. Zineenxalenye eziphambili ezininzi.
- Umzimba weseli: Eyona nxalenye iphambili yeseli.
- I-Axon: Inxalenye ende efana nengalo ephuma emzimbeni weseli. Kulapho kuthunyelwa khona imiqondiso yombane.
- Iidendrites: Izakhiwo ezincinci ezifana namasebe ezifumana imiqondiso yeekhemikhali ezivela kwezinye iiseli.
- I-Myelin:Isiciko esinamafutha. Oku kubonelela ngesigqubuthelo esikhuselayo esijikeleze i-axon. Kufana nesisiciko seplastiki esikwintambo ethwala umbane . Kunceda imiqondiso ukuba ihambe ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo.
2. Iiseli zeGlial: Ezi luhlobo lweeseli ezinceda, ezikhuselayo, nezigcina ii-neurons. Zifana 'nabancedi' bee-neurons.
Ziziphi iimeko zonyango eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela le nkqubo?
Sidla ngokubiza i-peripheral neuropathy xa imithambo-luvo yonzakele. Zininzi izizathu zoku. Ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo esizibonayo eSri Lanka ziquka:
- Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile: Isifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo somonakalo kwi-PNS. Xa amanqanaba eswekile egazini ephezulu ngokuhamba kwexesha, yonakalisa imithambo-luvo emincinci. Yiyo loo nto abantu abanesifo seswekile beziva bengenazimvakalelo kwaye berhawuzelelwa ziinyawo nezandla zabo.
- Iimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba: Iimeko apho inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela ihlasela imithambo-luvo yethu. Imizekelo ibandakanya iimeko ezifana ne-lupus kunye ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome.
- Iintsholongwane: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane zingonakalisa imithambo-luvo. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-HIV, isifo seLyme, kunye neeshingles.
- Amayeza notyando: Amanye amayeza e-chemotherapy omhlaza, amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, kunye notyando anokubangela umonakalo kwimithambo-luvo njengesiphumo esingesihle.
- Iityhefu kunye neetyhefu: Iimetali ezinzima ezifana ne-mercury kunye ne-lead, kunye neekhemikhali ezikhutshwa kwiifektri zinokuba yityhefu kwimithambo-luvo.
- Ukonzakala: Ingozi inokubangela umonakalo osisigxina kwimithambo-luvo ngokuyisika, ukuyityumza, okanye ukuyitsala. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukwenzakala kunokubangela ukudumba nokuxinana kwemithambo-luvo. I-Carpal tunnel syndrome ngumzekelo omhle wokuxinana kwemithambo-luvo esihlahleni.
- Iithumba: Imithambo-luvo inokucinezelwa kwaye yonakaliswe ziithumba ezinomhlaza okanye ezingenabungozi.
Zithini iimpawu zengxaki ye-PNS?
Iimpawu zixhomekeke ekubeni loluphi uhlobo lomthambo owonakeleyo.
| Uhlobo lwemithambo-luvo eyonakeleyo | Iimpawu ezibonakalayo |
|---|---|
| Iimithambo-luvo zeMoto - ezinxulumene nokuhamba | |
| Ichaphazela izihlunu |
|
| Iimvakalelo zeMiphefumlo - ezinxulumene neemvakalelo | |
| Ichaphazela indlela yokubona ukuchukumisa, intlungu, kunye nobushushu |
|
| Ii-Autonomic Neves - ezibandakanyeka kwimisebenzi ezenzekelayo | |
| Ichaphazela amalungu angaphakathi |
|
Ndingafumanisa njani ukuba kukho ingxaki efana nale?
Ukuba unezi mpawu, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha wakho . Ugqirha uza kukuhlola aze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, akuthumelele olu hlobo lovavanyo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukufumanisa izinto ezifana nesifo seswekile, ukungabikho kweevithamini, kunye neengxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Uvavanyo lokuqhuba imithambo-luvo:Ilinganisa isantya esihamba ngaso imiqondiso ngemithambo-luvo.
- I-Electromyogram (EMG): Ivavanya umsebenzi wombane wezihlunu.
- Iskeni ye-MRI.
- I-biopsy yemithambo-luvo: Ngamanye amaxesha kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci lemithambo-luvo lize lihlolwe.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zezi?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu somonakalo wemithambo-luvo. Kwiimeko ezininzi , ukunyanga unobangela oyintloko kunokunciphisa impembelelo kwimithambo-luvo.
- Amayeza: Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zamayeza okunciphisa iintlungu nokubuyisela ukusebenza kwemithambo-luvo.
- Unyango lomzimba: Oku kunceda kakhulu ekuqiniseni izihlunu nokwenza iintshukumo zibe lula.
- Utyando: Utyando lunokwenziwa ukuze kukhululwe imithambo-luvo ecinezelekileyo okanye kuqhagamshelwe kwakhona imithambo-luvo eqhekekileyo.
- Utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo: Ukutya kunye nokuzilolonga kubaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuba unesifo esifana nesifo seswekile.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungawubeki ngqalelo lo mqondiso. Ingakumbi ukuba kukho izinto ezifana nokungaziva okanye ukuphelelwa zimvakalelo emilenzeni, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uza kuzilimaza okanye uzitshise ungaqondanga.
Yintoni esifanele siyenze ukuze silondoloze impilo ye-PNS?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, kungcono ukuthintela ezi ngxaki ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Fumana izondlo ezibalulekileyo kwimithambo-luvo, ingakumbi i-vitamin B12.
- Hlala usempilweni kwaye ugcine ubunzima bomzimba busempilweni: Oku kunokunceda ekuthinteleni izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile.
- Nxiba izixhobo zokhuseleko: Khusela umonakalo wemithambo-luvo ngenxa yeengozi emsebenzini okanye xa udlala imidlalo.
- Ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo esifana nesifo seswekile, silawule kakuhle: Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela imithambo-luvo yakho.
Inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba yinethiwekhi emangalisayo esigcina siphila kwaye isenza sikwazi ukubona ihlabathi. Ngoko ke, luxanduva lwethu ukuyinyamekela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba (i-PNS) 'yinkqubo yokuxhuma' ethwala imiyalezo evela kwingqondo nakwi-spinal cord kuwo wonke umzimba.
- Ukuba ndindisholo kwimilenze, ukuphelelwa zimvakalelo, ubuthathaka bemisipha, okanye iintlungu ezingachazekiyo zinokuba ziimpawu zengxaki kule nkqubo.
- Eyona nto ibangela iingxaki ze-PNS eSri Lanka sisifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo. Ukuba unesifo seswekile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho kakuhle.
- Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela, kodwa thetha nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Okukhona unobangela ubonakala ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kulula ukunyanga.
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