Phantsi kobuchopho bethu, kukho i-gland encinci, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-Pituitary Gland. Nangona incinci, isebenza njenge-boss enkulu yomzimba wethu. Ilawula izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, njengokukhula kwethu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye nokukwazi ukuba nabantwana. Ikwayiyo exelela amanye ama-gland emzimbeni, "Kulungile, ngoku yenza ii-hormones zakho." Yiyo loo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Master Gland."
Ngoko ke, xa ezi seli ze-pituitary gland ziqala ukukhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwaye zingalawuleki, sizibiza ngokuba yi-pituitary tumor. Kodwa into abantu abaninzi abayoyikayo apha kukuba ingaba ngumhlaza na. Enyanisweni, uninzi lwee-tumor ze-pituitary azingomhlaza. Umhlaza we-pituitary awuqhelekanga kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba ezi tumor azingomhlaza, zinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu ngenxa yobukhulu bazo (ii-tumor ezinkulu) okanye ngenxa yokuba zivelisa iihomoni ezongezelelweyo ezingafunwayo ngumzimba (ii-tumor ezisebenzayo). Oku kudla ngokuphathwa ngotyando, amayeza, okanye unyango lwe-radiation.
Kutheni le nto ezi thumba zepituitary zenzeka?
Enyanisweni, oogqirha abakaqiniseki ukuba yintoni ebangela la mathumba. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho utshintsho kwiijini zeeseli zepituitary, kodwa kubonakala ngathi lwenzeka ngokungacwangciswanga.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezithile zemfuza ezenza abantu abanazo babe namathuba amaninzi okufumana amathumba e-pituitary. Ezinye zezi meko ziquka:
- I-Carney complex: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga yemfuza ebangela ukuba kubekho iithumba ezininzi ezingezizo umhlaza emzimbeni.
- I-Familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA): Le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Ibangela ukuba umzimba ube mkhulu kunesiqhelo.
- I-acromegaly yosapho ehlukanisiweyo: Oku kufana ne-FIPA.
- Isifo sikaMcCune-Albright: Esi sifo singaqhelekanga sibangela iingxaki emathanjeni naselusu.
- I-neoplasia ye-endocrine enininzi, uhlobo I kunye nohlobo IV (MEN1, MEN4): Ezi meko zinokubangela ukuba iithumba zivele kumadlala omzimba.
Iimpawu ezibangelwa kukwanda kwethumba
I-pituitary gland ikwindawo encinci kakhulu phantsi kwengqondo, kufutshane kakhulu nemithambo-luvo ethwala imiyalezo phakathi kwamehlo nengqondo. Ngoko ke, xa ithumba elikhulu likhula kule ndawo incinci, liqala ukutyhala izinto ezijikeleze lona. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo.
Ngamafutshane, ingcambu yengxaki kukuba njengoko ithumba likhula, licinezela amalungu abalulekileyo ajikelezileyo, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukufumana indawo.
Iimpawu eziphambili ezibangelwa kukuxinana kwezi:
- Intloko ebuhlungu: Iintloko ezibuhlungu ezihlala zihleli, ngamanye amaxesha ezibuhlungu kakhulu.
- Iingxaki zokubona:Izinto ezifana nokulahlekelwa yimbono engaphandle kunye nokubona kabini, ingakumbi xa ujonge phambili.
Kwakhona, ukuba eli thumba licinezela i-pituitary gland ngokwayo, inani leehomoni eziveliswa yi-gland linokuncipha. Emva koko, iimpawu ezinje ngezi zinokuvela:
- Kumadoda: uphuhliso lwamabele, ukulahleka kweenwele ebusweni, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo.
- Kwabasetyhini: ukuya exesheni okungacwangciswanga okanye okuyekileyo, ukuyeka ukuncancisa ngaphandle kokuba nomntwana.
- Kubantwana: Ukukhula okulibazisekileyo kunye nokuvuthwa ngokwesondo.
- Okuqhelekileyo: ukuncipha komnqweno wesondo, ukuhlanza, ukungonwabi esiswini, ukutshintsha kobunzima bomzimba, kunye nokuziva ubanda ngalo lonke ixesha.
Iimpawu ezibangelwa zizimila ezivelisa amahomoni
Ezinye iithumba (iithumba ezisebenzayo) zivelisa iihomoni ezongezelelweyo ezingafunwa ngumzimba. Iimpawu ezenzekayo zixhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi ihomoni eveliswa ngokugqithisileyo. Makhe sibone ukuba oko kusebenza njani.
| Ihomoni eveliswa kakhulu | Imeko kunye neempawu |
|---|---|
| Ihomoni ye-Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) | Oku kulawula i-hormone cortisol. Xa i-ACTH isanda, kuvela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -Cushing's syndrome . Iimpawu: Ukudumba okulula, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, iswekile ephezulu yegazi, amabala okolula amfusa okanye apinki, ubuso obungqukuva kakhulu, ubuthathaka bemisipha, amalungu amancinci kunye nobuso obukhulu, intamo, kunye nomzimba. |
| IHormone yoKhulo | Oku kulawula ukukhula komzimba, iswekile, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamafutha. Ukuba oku kuyanda: Abantwana: Bakhula babe bade kakhulu kunesiqhelo ( Gigantism ) Abantu abadala: Ukwanda kwamathambo obuso, izandla, neenyawo ( Acromegaly ) Ezinye iimpawu: isifo sentliziyo, iswekile ephezulu egazini, iintlungu zamalungu, ukubila okugqithisileyo. |
| Iprolactin | Oku kukhuthaza ukuveliswa kobisi lwebele kubasetyhini. Ukuba oku kuyanda: Kwabasetyhini: Ukuvuza kobisi lwebele xa bengakhulelwanga okanye bengakabeleki, ukuncipha komnqweno wesondo, ukuyeka ukuya exesheni, ubunzima bokukhulelwa. Kumadoda: ukwehla kwenani lesidoda kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezesondo. |
| I-hormone evuselela i-thyroid (TSH) | Oku kuxelela i-thyroid gland ukuba ivelise iihomoni. Ezi zilawula ukukhula, ubushushu, kunye nesantya sentliziyo. Ukuba i-TSH iphezulu: Iimpawu: Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungangqalanga, ukuhamba rhoqo kwamathumbu, iingxaki zokulala, ukungcangcazela, ukubila kakhulu, ukwehla kobunzima. |
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Xa usiya kugqirha oneempawu ezinjalo, uza kuqala akubuze umbuzo oneenkcukacha malunga neempawu zakho kunye nembali yempilo yakho. Emva koko, baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba.
Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukwenza iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:
- Uvavanyo lwamehlo: Jonga ukuba ithumba aliyichaphazelanga na indlela obona ngayo.
- Uvavanyo lwe-neurological: Jonga indlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yakho, umqolo, kunye nemithambo-luvo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo: Jonga amanqanaba eehomoni zakho ukuze ubone ukuba zithini kanye kanye.
- Ukufota: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ithumba ngokujonga ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa nge -CT scan , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-MRI scan inokwenziwa.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Uninzi lwee-tumor ze-pituitary azidingi unyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-tumor yakho ifuna unyango, indlela ekhethiweyo iya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwe-tumor, ubungakanani bayo, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Utyando
Olu lolona nyango luqhelekileyo. Ngaphandle kokuba yi-tumor evelisa i-prolactin, uninzi lwezinye ii-tumor zisuswa ngotyando. Ukuze enze olu tyando, ugqirha angenza i-incision ngempumlo, nge-incision engaphezulu komlomo ongaphezulu, okanye nge-incision ekhayeni. Utyando ludla ngokwenziwa nge-skull kwii-tumor ezinkulu okanye kwii-tumor ezisasazeke ngendlela enzima.
Unyango lweMisebe
Olu nyango lusebenzisa ii-X-reyi ezinamandla aphezulu ukutshabalalisa ithumba. Olu nyango luluncedo ukuba ithumba alinakususwa ngokupheleleyo ngotyando, okanye ukuba ithumba libuyile. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwemitha, ukusuka kunyango olunye olunedosi ephezulu (utyando lwe-stereotactic radiosurgery) ukuya kunyango olunedosi ephantsi olunikwa amaxesha amaninzi ngeveki kangangeeveki ezi-4-6.
Iyeza
Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba onalo, ugqirha wakho angazama amayeza kuqala. Ingakumbi ukuba ithumba lakho livelisa i-prolactin, amayeza anokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwaloo hormone aze ancede ithumba linciphe. Amayeza aluncedo nakwiithumba ezivelisa i-growth hormone kunye nokulawula iimeko ezifana ne-Cushing's syndrome kunye ne-acromegaly.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uninzi lwee-tumor ze-pituitary azingomhlaza , ngoko ke ungoyiki ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Iimpawu ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu kunye notshintsho lombono zinokwenzeka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bethumba. Iimpawu zingenzeka nangenxa yotshintsho kwiihomoni emzimbeni.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ofanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza.
- Kukho unyango olusebenzayo koku, olufana notyando, unyango lwemitha, kunye namayeza.
- Xoxa ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo onayo malunga nemeko yakho kunye nonyango lwakho.
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