Ingaba kukho ithumba elinje ngaphakathi endlebeni yakho? (Acoustic Neuroma) Masifunde ngalo!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi uva kancinci endlebeni enye? Okanye uva nje isandi esingapheliyo endlebeni yakho, ngamanye amaxesha uzive unesizungu, okanye ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho? Nangona ezi zizinto ngamanye amaxesha esingazinaki kangako, kunokubakho isizathu esincinci emva koku. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngethumba elinokuba nesizathu esinjalo, kodwa lingengomhlaza, kwaye yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -'Acoustic Neuroma' .

Yintoni i-Acoustic Neuroma?

Ngamafutshane, i-acoustic neuroma sisimila esingenabungozi . Oku kuthetha ukuba asisasazeki kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-vestibular schwannoma . Esi simila sikhula kwimithambo-luvo esuka endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi iye engqondweni yakho. Ngokuchanekileyo, sikhula kwimithambo-luvo ye-8 yentloko (i-vestibulocochlear nerve) entlokweni yethu. Esi simila sikunceda kakhulu ukuva (ukuva) nokugcina ibhalansi yakho (ibhalansi).

Cinga ngale mithambo-luvo njengentambo encinci ethwala imiyalezo esuka endlebeni ukuya engqondweni. Ngoko ke, xa kuvela ithumba elincinci kule ntambo, linokuphazamisa ukudluliselwa kwaloo miyalezo. Yiyo loo ndlela ukuva kunye nokulinganisela okuchaphazela ngayo.

Nangona la mathumba engasasazeki emzimbeni wonke njengomhlaza , njengoko ekhula, anokuchaphazela ukuva, abangele ukukhala rhoqo ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus), alahlekelwe yibhalansi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha abangele ukungaziva okanye ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lobuso. Unyango loku luquka utyando kunye nonyango lwemitha. I-chemotherapy ayifuneki rhoqo.

Ingaba le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-acoustic neuroma ixhaphakile?

Hayi, eneneni ayiqhelekanga kangako. Malunga nomntu omnye kwabayi-100,000 uba nesifo minyaka le. Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-65 ukuya kuma-74 ubudala banamathuba amaninzi okuba nesifo kunabantwana abancinci.

Zithini iimpawu ze-acoustic neuroma?

Iimpawu zoku azibonakali ngequbuliso. Uninzi lwexesha, zibonakala kancinci kancinci.

Iimpawu ezinokubonakala kwizigaba zokuqala:

• Ukulahlekelwa kancinci kancinci kokuva kwindlebe enye: Olu lolona phawu luqhelekileyo ekuqaleni. Usenokungakwazi ukuva kakuhle kwindlebe enye xa uthetha efowunini, okanye ungaziva ngathi isandi sivaliwe kwelinye icala xa umntu ethetha.
• I-Tinnitus: Oku kukuva rhoqo izandi ezahlukeneyo ezindlebeni (umz., isandi sokukhala, ukubhuza, okanye ukuvungama). Oku kunokubakhathaza kakhulu abanye abantu.
• Iingxaki zokulinganisela: Usenokuziva ngathi uza kuwa ngelixa uhamba, kwaye kunokuba nzima ukuhlala kwindawo enye.
• I-Vertigo: Ukuziva ngathi ujikeleza okanye ujikeleza ngeenxa zonke kuwe. Oku kunokuba nzima kakhulu.

Njengoko ithumba likhula, ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokuvela:

• Ukukhubazeka kobuso okanye ukungaziva mnandi: Kunokubakho ukurhawuzelelwa kwelinye icala lobuso, okanye ukuziva ubuthathaka bemisipha kwelo cala.
• Intloko ebuhlungu: Iintloko ezibuhlungu ezihlala zihleli, ngamanye amaxesha ezibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Utshintsho kwincasa: Ukutya kunokunambitheka ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuneqhelekileyo.
• Ubunzima bokuginya (i-Dysphagia).
• Iingxaki zokubona: Ukubona okufipheleyo okanye ukubona kabini.

Khumbula, ukuba nezi mpawu akuthethi ukuba une-acoustic neuroma. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uyaqhubeka nokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Kutheni le nto i-neuroma ye-acoustic isenzeka?

Abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela la mathumba. Kodwa into eyaziwayo kukuba abangelwa kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kohlobo lweseli olubizwa ngokuba ziiseli zeSchwann . Ezi seli zeSchwann ziiseli ezisebenza njengesixhobo sokukhusela imithambo-luvo kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo, ingakumbi ezo zibandakanyeka ekuveni nasekulinganiseni.

Enye into kukuba abantu abane-genetic disorder ebizwa ngokuba yi -'Neurofibromatosis type 2' (NF2) banamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-bilateral acoustic neuromas kwimithambo-luvo yokuva kumacala omabini obuchopho.

Uyixilonga njani le nto?

Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Emva koko uza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Ukongeza, banokwenza olu vavanyo lulandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho ithumba, likhulu kangakanani, kwaye likuphi.
• Iskeni se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokubona i-acoustic neuroma.
• Iskeni ye-CT (Computed Tomography): Oku kukwasetyenziswa ngamanye amaxesha.
• Uvavanyo lokuva: Kuyenziwa uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukuze kubonwe ukuba uva kakuhle kangakanani na. Olunye uvavanyo olunjalo yi -Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) .
• Uvavanyo lwebhalansi: Kukwakho novavanyo lokujonga ibhalansi yakho.
• I-Electronystagmography (ENG): Oku kuvavanya ulwalamano phakathi kweentshukumo zamehlo kunye nokulinganisela.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-acoustic neuroma?

Indlela ephathwa ngayo le nto ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Ezi ziquka:

• Ubungakanani bethumba kunye nendawo elikuyo.
• Indlela eli thumba elichaphazele ngayo ukuva kwakho kunye nokulinganisela kwakho.
• Ubudala bakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango eziphambili:

1.Ukuqwalaselwa:

• Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ithumba lincinci kakhulu, ukuba likhula kancinci, kwaye ukuba awunazo naziphi na iimpawu ezinkulu, ugqirha wakho usenokuthi ungenzi nto okwangoku kwaye ujonge ithumba nge-MRI scans rhoqo . Abantu abaninzi bahlala iminyaka ngaphandle kweengxaki.

2. Utyando lwe-Stereotactic Radiosurgery:

• Oku kufana nonyango lwemitha ngaphandle kotyando. Lugxila kwimitha enamandla yemitha kwithumba. Lungayithintela ithumba ukuba lingakhuli kwaye ngamanye amaxesha liyinciphise. Alubangeli monakalo mkhulu kwizicubu eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo. Lunyango oluhlala luthatha usuku olunye.

3. Utyando oluncinci:

• Le yindlela yokususa ngokupheleleyo ithumba. Oogqirha bemithambo-luvo benza olu tyando ngononophelo olukhulu besebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Indlela yotyando inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nobukhulu bethumba.

• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyando lwe-microsurgery:
• Indlela ye-Middle fossa: Le ndlela isetyenziswa ukuba ithumba likwi-ear canal kwaye lincinci. Ithumba lisuswa nge-incision encinci ecaleni kwentloko.
• Indlela yokubuyisela umva: Kule ndlela, kwenziwa ukusika emva kwendlebe, kwaye ithumba lisuswa ngecandelo lekhakayi lize lingene endlebeni engaphakathi.
• Indlela ye-Translabyrinthine : Le ndlela ingacetyiswa ukuba ulahlekelwe kukuva ngokupheleleyo kwindlebe enye. Ithumba lisuswa ngokwenza i-incision emva kwendlebe kunye nokususa ithambo lendlebe yangaphakathi. Emva kwale nkqubo, awuyi kuva kwakhona kuloo ndlebe.

4. Unyango lweKhemotherapy:

• Oku akusetyenziswa rhoqo . Iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi -bevacizumab ngamanye amaxesha linokunceda ukunciphisa iithumba, ingakumbi ukugcina ukuva kubantwana abane-NF2. Likwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-radiation necrosis, ingxaki enokwenzeka emva konyango lwe-radiation.

5. Unyango lokubuyisela iVestibular Rehabilitation:

• Ngamanye amaxesha, ngexesha lotyando, kufuneka kususwe iindawo ezithile zemithambo-luvo ezibandakanyekayo ekulinganiseni. Oku kunokuchaphazela ukulinganisela komzimba. Unyango lokuvuselela imithambo-luvo luluhlu lwemisebenzi kunye noqeqesho oluqeqesha umzimba ngokutsha ukuze kulungiswe umsebenzi wemithambo-luvo olahlekileyo. Oku kwenziwa yingcali ye-physiotherapist.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho emva kotyando oluncinci?

Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingxaki ezinokubakho emva kolu tyando. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukuchazela ezi zinto kwangaphambili. Ungakhathazeki, kukho iindlela zonyango kunye neendlela zokulawula phantse zonke ezi zinto.

• Ukulahlekelwa okanye ukuncipha kokuva kwindlebe enye.
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso (kusenokuba kokwexeshana okanye okusisigxina).
• I-Tinnitus (ukukhala ezindlebeni).
• Ukuvuza kolwelo lomqolo (CSF).
• Iingxaki zokulinganisela.
• Ubunzima bokuginya.
• Isiyezi.
• Amehlo angaboni kabini okanye awomileyo.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Iintsholongwane.
• I-Meningitis ( imeko efana nomkhuhlane engqondweni - ayiqhelekanga kakhulu).
• Ukuphinda kukhule ithumba (kunqabile).

Ukuba ndine-acoustic neuroma, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengemeko yakho, uhlobo lonyango owalufumanayo, kunye nazo naziphi na iingxaki ezenzekileyo. Ugqirha wakho wemithambo-luvo uza kukuchazela iindlela zonyango kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba unengxaki yokuva, kukho izixhobo ezinokukunceda. Umzekelo, ungasebenzisa izinto ezifana 'ne-bone conduction hearing implants' okanye 'i-cross hearing aids' (i-CROS - i-contralateral routing of signals hearing aids) .

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Xa ufumanisa ukuba une-acoustic neuroma, ungaziva uloyiko kwaye ukhathazekile kancinci, ingakumbi ukuba ugqirha wakho ugqiba ekubeni akujonge ngaphandle konyango. Usenokucinga izinto ezinje, "Ngaba eli thumba liya kuba likhulu? Ngaba ukuva kwam kuya kuba mandundu?" Ngelo xesha, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi utshintsho olubonisa ukuba eli thumba lichaphazela imithambo-luvo.

Ukuba uneempawu, kwaye ugqirha wakho ecebisa utyando, ibhalansi yakho inokuphazamiseka emva kotyando. Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango lokubuyisela umzimba kwi-vestibular, olukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Oku kunokukunceda ubuyele kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba une-acoustic neuroma, ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba ndifuna unyango, okanye ithumba liza kuhlolwa?
• Ingaba lingakanani ithuba lokuba indlebe yam ivelise inqanaba eliluncedo lokuva?
• Lingakanani ithuba lokuba eli thumba liphinde libuye emva kotyando okanye unyango lwemitha?
• Ngaba ndisengozini enkulu yokufumana ezinye iintlobo zeethumba?
• Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengxaki zotyando lwe-acoustic neuroma?
• Ngaba ndiza kufuna unyango lokubuyisela imeko yam kwimeko yesiqhelo emva kotyando?

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Acoustic neuroma sisimila esikhula kancinci, esingengomhlaza esinokuchaphazela ukuva kwakho kunye nokulinganisela kwakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kukho unyango olufanelekileyo lwaso.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando lokususa ithumba. Ukuba kunjalo, usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi malunga notyando, ukuba kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva kwalo, nokuba luza kuchaphazela na ukuva kwakho, kunye nezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Oku kuqhelekile. Iqela lakho lezonyango likulungele ukuphendula yonke imibuzo yakho kwaye linciphise uloyiko lwakho. Ngoko ke, thetha nabo ngayo yonke into esengqondweni yakho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba unale mpawu. Okukhona isifo sifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unyango lunokuba nempumelelo.

I- Acoustic neuroma, i-ear tumor, i-vestibular schwannoma, i-auditory nerve, ukulahleka kokuva, i-tinnitus, i-vertigo