UKavya (oneminyaka engama-28 ubudala), igosa lebhanki elalitshatile unyaka wonke, weza ekliniki yam ngoLwesibini odlulileyo nomyeni wakhe.
“Gqirha Priya, siceba ukuba nomntwana kunyaka ozayo. Ndiyekile ukuthatha iipilisi zokulawula ukukhulelwa kwinyanga ephelileyo. Ndafunda indlela yokulungiselela imizimba yethu ngaphambi kokuba sikhulelwe, zeziphi iimvavanyo ekufuneka zenziwe, kunye neevithamini ekufuneka zithathwe,” ubuze uKavya malunga namalungiselelo akhe.
Ndibamkele ngovuyo olukhulu ndaza ndachaza: "Kavya, kuyaxatyiswa kakhulu ukuba uze kufumana olu hlobo lweengcebiso zonyango ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Ngokwezonyango, oku kubizwa ngokuba yiNkathalelo yoKukhulelwe ngaphambi kokukhulelwa / Ucwangciso lokukhulelwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa . Abanye abafazi banokuthatha iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ukukhupha amaqanda ngokuqhelekileyo emva kokuyeka iipilisi zokulawula ukukhulelwa. Kwakhona, kufuneka uqale ukuthatha iipilisi ze-folic acid yonke imihla ubuncinci inyanga ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Oku kunokuthintela iziphene ezinkulu ze-neural tube (NTDs) engqondweni yomntwana nakwi-spinal cord (umz. i-spina bifida) . Namhlanje, masithethe ngendlela yokulungiselela umzimba wakho ukuzalwa okunempilo."
🚨 Iiflegi ezibomvu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo ngelixa uceba ukukhulelwa okanye kwisigaba sokuqala sokukhulelwa, kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wezifo zabesifazane kunye nogqirha wezifo zabesifazane ngokukhawuleza:
- Ngethuba ixesha lakho lokuya exesheni lifikile, usenokuba neentlungu ezibukhali kwelinye icala lesisu sakho esisezantsi kunye nokopha kwegazi kwilungu lobufazi (oku kungaba luphawu lokukhulelwa okungaphandle kwesibeleko, ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kwesibeleko).
- Iintlungu zamalungu okanye amaqhuqhuva kunye nomkhuhlane ophezulu kwiiveki zokuqala zokukhulelwa (kusenokuba ziimpawu ze-rubella okanye olunye usulelo olukhulu lwentsholongwane).
- Ukuba nembali yokuphuphuma kwezisu okuthathu okanye ngaphezulu ngokulandelelana.
- Ukuzama ukukhulelwa ngelixa unezifo ezingapheliyo ezingalawulekiyo ezifana nesifo seswekile, isifo sokuwa, isifo sentliziyo, okanye isifo sezintso.
Isicwangciso esibalulekileyo sesondlo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa
Ukuze umntwana ongekazalwa akhule kakuhle, umgangatho wesondlo somzimba kamama kufuneka ube ngowona ufanelekileyo:
- Ukusetyenziswa kweFolic Acid: Oomama abanesifo seswekile, isifo sokuwa, okanye imbali yeengxaki zemithambo-luvo kumntwana wangaphambili kufuneka bathathe iipilisi ze -5mg yonke imihla ukususela kwinyanga enye ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, njengoko kucetyiswa ngugqirha. Abanye oomama abaqhelekileyo kufuneka bathathe i-0.5mg (okanye i-400mcg) yonke imihla ukususela kwiiveki ezi-4 ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kwaye baqhubeke kwiiveki ezili-12 zokuqala zokukhulelwa.
- Ii-Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Yitya intlanzi ubuncinane kabini ngeveki ukuze ufumane le oyile isempilweni, ebalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo namehlo omntwana wakho.
- Iodine:Soloko usitya ityuwa ene-iodine, kuba i-iodine ibalulekile ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo yomntwana wakho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thyroid.
- IVithamini D kunye neCalcium: Zive ushushu elangeni yonke imihla ukuze ufumane iVithamini D umntwana wakho ayidingayo ukuze akhule amathambo.
Ukuthelekisa iimfuno zesondlo xa kulungiselelwa ukukhulelwa
| Izondlo | Idosi yemihla ngemihla (xa ucwangcisa) | Isizathu sokuba kubalulekile | Ukutya kwendalo okuqulethe |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ifolic acid | 0.5 mg - 5 mg (ngokwengcebiso kagqirha) | Ukuthintela iziphene zetyhubhu ye-neural. | Ispinatshi, imifuno eluhlaza enamagqabi, iilentile, iimbotyi. |
| Intsimbi | Izongezo zemihla ngemihla okanye ukutya okunempilo | Ukuthintela i-anemia (ukungabikho kwegazi) ngexesha lokukhulelwa. | Inyama ebomvu, iimbotyi, ispinatshi, ispinatshi. |
| I-calcium | 1000 mg | Ukukhusela amathambo kamama kunye nophuhliso lwamathambo omntwana. | Ubisi, iyogathi, itshizi, iisprats. |
| I-Omega-3 | Ngokutya okanye izongezo | Ukunceda uphuhliso lwengqondo yomntwana kunye neenwebu zamehlo. | Iintlanzi ezinamafutha ezifana neesardine, i-mackerel kunye ne-walnuts. |
Usulelo olunzima kunye nogonyo
Kufuneka kuthathwe iigonyo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ukuze kukhuselwe kwiintsholongwane ezininzi ezinokubulala umntwana ongekazalwa xa zifunyenwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa:
1. I-Rubella (iRubella / iGerman Measles): Ukuba ufumana i-rubella ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kukho umngcipheko we-30-50% wokuba umntwana wakho azalwe eyimfama, engeva, okanye eneziphene zentliziyo. Kufuneka ufumane i-rubella vaccine ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe, kwaye ukukhulelwa kufuneka kulibaziseke de kube ziinyanga ezi-3 emva kokufumana i-vaccine.
2. I-Chickenpox (I-Chickenpox / I-Varicella): Ukuba awukhuselekanga koku ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, kufuneka ugonywe.
3. Ukuphepha iListeria kunye neToxoplasmosis:
- Kuphephe ukutya inyama eluhlaza engaphekwanga, intlanzi eluhlaza, ubisi olungagayiwanga, kunye nentlama yenyama.
- Oomama abakhulelweyo kunye nabo baceba ukukhulelwa kufuneka baphephe ukucoca ilindle leekati zasekhaya (umngcipheko weToxoplasmosis).
- Hlamba uze ucoce imifuno kunye nemifuno kakuhle phambi kokuba uyitye.
Izinto ekufuneka zenziwe nezo kufuneka zingayenzi
| ✔️ Izinto onokuzenza (Zenze) | ❌ Izinto ongazifuniyo |
|---|---|
| Omabini amaqabane kufuneka ayeke ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba akhulelwe. | Musa ukusebenzisa amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. |
| Jonga uhlobo lwegazi lakho kunye nelomlingane wakho kunye ne-Rhesus (Rh) factor (ingakumbi ukuba umama une-Rh Negative). | Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukusela utywala nokusebenzisa iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni (kunokubangela ukukhubazeka komntwana ongekazalwa). |
| Gcina ubunzima bomzimba busempilweni ngokwenza umthambo othambileyo njengokuhamba nokuqubha yonke imihla. | Kuphephe ukusela iikomityi zekofu ezingaphezu kwezi-2 ngosuku (ukusebenzisa i-caffeine kakhulu kunciphisa ukuzala). |
❓ Eminye imibuzo onokuba nayo (FAQ)
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhulelwe kwangoko emva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula ukukhulelwa ?
Oku kuyahluka kubafazi. Abanye abafazi bakhulelwa kwinyanga yokuqala emva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa ipilisi, ngelixa abanye banokuthatha iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ukuba amanqanaba abo eehomoni abuyele esiqhelweni kwaye bakhuphe amaqanda rhoqo.
I-Rh Rhesus Factor (i-Rh factor egazini) ichaphazela njani ukukhulelwa? ▼
Ukuba uhlobo lwegazi lukamama luyi-Rh Negative (-) kwaye uhlobo lwegazi lukatata luyi-Rh Positive (+), kwaye uhlobo lwegazi lomntwana ongekazalwa luyi-Rh Positive, umzimba kamama unokuvelisa ii-antibodies ezichasene nomntwana ongekazalwa. Oku akuyongxaki ekukhulelweni kokuqala, kodwa ekukhulelweni kwesibini, kubalulekile ukuchonga uhlobo lwegazi kwaye ugonywe ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, kuba kunokubangela ukuba iiseli zegazi zomntwana zitshatyalaliswe.
Ufanele uvavanywe nini iingxaki zemfuza? ▼
Ukuba kukho izalamane ezisondeleyo ezineengxaki zemfuza ezifana neThalassemia, iHaemophilia, okanye iDown syndrome kusapho, iingcebiso zemfuza kunye novavanyo lwemfuza ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kunokuchonga umngcipheko wokuba umntwana afumane ezo zifo njengelifa.
Ufanele ufune uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza kangakanani xa uzama ukukhulelwa? ▼
Ngokubanzi, isibini esisempilweni esingaphantsi kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala kufuneka sifune uncedo lwezonyango ukuba siye sabelana ngesondo esingakhuselekanga izihlandlo ezi-3-4 ngeveki unyaka wonke kwaye asikakhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umama ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35 okanye unemijikelo yokuya exesheni engacwangciswanga, kufuneka sifune uncedo lwezonyango emva kweenyanga ezi-6.
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