Izandla zethu ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi bethu. Senza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, sichukumisa abantu esibathandayo, siveza iimvakalelo zethu... Izandla zethu ziyasinceda kuzo zonke ezi zinto. Ngoko ke khawucinge, ukuba umntu ulahlekelwa sisandla ngenxa yengozi, ukugula, okanye isiphene sokuzalwa, okanye ukuba umsebenzi waso unciphile, ukuba sinzima kangakanani na. Nangona kunjalo, ngesayensi yezonyango yanamhlanje ephucukileyo, sinokujamelana ngempumelelo nemingeni enjalo. Namhlanje sithetha ngesisombululo esibaluleke ngokulinganayo nesitshintsha ubomi, esisisandla sokufakelwa, okanye `(Isandla sokufakelwa)`.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le ingalo yokwenziwa?
Isandla sokufakelwa, okanye "i-Hand Prosthesis", sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yesandla esilahlekileyo okanye esikhubazekileyo okanye inxalenye yesandla. Sinokwahluka ukusuka kwisixhobo esifana nehoko ukuya kwisandla esikumgangatho ophezulu "seBionic" esisebenza kanye njengesethu.
Ukuze akuncede kolu hambo, kukho ingcali egxile kweli candelo. Simbiza ngokuba yi "Prosthetist." Nguye okunceda ukhethe ingalo yokufakelwa efanelana nendlela yakho yokuphila neemfuno zakho. Kwakhona nguye oyifaka emzimbeni wakho, akufundise indlela yokuyisebenzisa, aze enze utshintsho kuyo njengoko iimfuno zakho zitshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ngubani ozidingayo ezi?
Usenokuba nomdla kwisandla sokufakelwa ukuba ususwe inxalenye okanye sonke isandla sakho ngotyando, okanye ukuba uceba ukusisusa. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezandla zokufakelwa ezifanelekileyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyando. Umzekelo:
- Xa kususwa inxalenye yomnwe okanye ubhontsi
- Xa kususwa inxalenye yesandla (isandla esingaphelelanga/iTransmetacarpal)
- Ukuqhekeka kwesandla kuxa isandla sonke sisuswa kwilungu lesandla.
- Xa isandla sisusiwe kunye nenxalenye yengalo engaphantsi kwesandla (iTransradial)
Kwakhona, abantwana abazelwe benokwahluka kwezandla zokuzalwa banokungenelwa kakhulu kwisandla sokufakelwa. Abantwana abaziswa kweso sixhobo besebancinci banokukhula baze baphuhle ngaso. Umzekelo, oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubantwana abaneemeko ezifana ne-"Symbrachydactyly" (ukungabikho kweminwe ngokupheleleyo okanye okuncinci).
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zezandla zokufakelwa?
Izandla zokufakelwa zisebenza ngokwahlukileyo kwaye zibonelela ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okusebenza. Ezinye zifana ngqo nesandla sokwenyani, ngelixa ezinye zenzelwe ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ibe lula kunokuba ibukeka. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lwesandla sokufakelwa | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| I-Passive Prosthesis | Ezi azikwazi ukuzihambela zodwa. Kodwa zingasetyenziswa njenge-stabilizer okanye ukuphakamisa into ethile. Ekubeni zingaphucukanga kangako kwezobuchwepheshe, zingenziwa nge-silicone kwaye zipeyintwe ukuze zifane nesandla sakho esinye, nto leyo esinika inkangeleko yokwenyani. Olu luhlobo oluhlala lunikwa kuqala kwaye lucetyiswa kwiintsana ezincinci. |
| I-Prosthesis Esebenza Ngomzimba | Esi sisixhobo esisebenza ngoomatshini esisebenza njengenkqubo ye-pulley. Ungazivula kwaye uvale iindawo zaso, njengeminwe, ngokuhambisa izihlunu ezingalweni yakho eseleyo, egxalabeni, okanye esifubeni sakho uze utsale intambo. Ezi zihlala ziqinile kwaye zenzelwe ukumelana nomsebenzi wemihla ngemihla. Ziluncedo kakhulu kwabo basebenza ngaphandle kuba azinamanzi nothuli. |
| I-Prosthesis Ekhethekileyo Yomsebenzi | Eminye imisebenzi ekhethekileyo ifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ufuna ukwenza umsebenzi wakho, ukudlala umdlalo, okanye ukudlala isixhobo somculo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ungafumana isandla sokufakelwa esenziwe ngokukodwa kuloo msebenzi. Esi sisandla esongezelelweyo kwingqokelela yakho. |
| Isandla seMyoelectric (iMyoelectric Prosthesis) | Olu lolona hlobo luphucukileyo olufumanekayo. Esi sandla se-elektroniki sisebenza ngokubona iimpulselelo zombane eziveliswa xa izihlunu zakho zifinyela. Ii-electrode eluswini lwakho zithatha ezi mpawu zize zinike imiyalelo yokuvula nokuvala isandla sakho. Oku akudingi mzamo mkhulu njengesandla esisebenza ngumzimba wakho. Ngenxa yokuba le minwe inokuhamba ngokuzimeleyo, ungazibamba izinto ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo (iipateni zokubamba). |
Isebenza njani inkqubo yokufumana ingalo yokufakelwa?
Oku akuyonto eyenzeka ngobusuku obunye. Kuthatha ixesha, umonde, kunye noqeqesho oluhle. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kusebenzisana nawe ngokusondeleyo kolu hambo.
1. Ukubonisana noVavanyo: Okokuqala, uza kuba nengxoxo nogqirha wakho kunye nogqirha wee-prosthetist. Baza kuxoxa ngendlela ophila ngayo, into onqwenela ukuyenza, baze bagqibe ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwengalo yokufakelwa olulungele wena.
2. Ukulinganisa kunye nokufakelwa: Okulandelayo, siza kulinganisa ngononophelo inxalenye eseleyo yesandla sakho kunye nesinye isandla sakho (ukuba unayo). Kusenokufuneka wenze i-cast okanye i-3D scan.
3. Uqeqesho oluSisiseko: Nje ukuba ingalo yakho yokufakelwa yenziwe, uza kunikwa uqeqesho oluSisiseko malunga nendlela yokuyisebenzisa, indlela yokuyisusa nokuyinxiba, indlela yokuyicoca, kunye nendlela yokuyitshaja ukuba ikwi-elektroniki.
4. Unyango Lomzimba Nomsebenzi: Kulapho uqeqesho lokwenyani luqala khona. Ingcali yonyango lomzimba kunye nengcali yonyango lomsebenzi basebenzisana ukukufundisa indlela yokusebenzisa isandla sakho ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Kwenziwa umthambo wokuqinisa izihlunu ezifunekayo.
5. Ukhathalelo Lwengqondo: Ngelixa uhlengahlengisa olu tshintsho ngokwasemzimbeni, udlula kutshintsho olukhulu engqondweni. Oku akulula ukukwenza. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna uncedo lweengcali zengqondo okanye abacebisi ukuze bakuxhase ngokwengqondo ngeli xesha lohambo.
Le nkqubo yonke ingathatha malunga nonyaka, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuziqhelanisa nomonde nokuzinikela.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengxaki zokusebenzisa isandla sokufakelwa?
Nangona kukho iingenelo zokusebenzisa isandla sokufakelwa, kukwakho nezinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe.
Iingenelo eziphambili:
- Uxinzelelo olunciphileyo kwelinye icala nasemzimbeni: Xa usenza yonke into ngesandla esinye ngaphandle kwengalo yokufakelwa, kukho uxinzelelo oluninzi kwelinye icala, egxalabeni, nasemqolo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiintlungu kunye nokwenzakala okuphindaphindeneyo kuloo ndawo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukusebenzisa ingalo yokufakelwa kulinganisela ubunzima kunye noxinzelelo emzimbeni.
- Ukusebenza okuphuculweyo: Imisebenzi emininzi yemihla ngemihla inokwenziwa ngokulula ngokuzimela.
- Ukulungisa Indlela Eme Ngayo: Xa usebenza ngesandla esinye ecaleni, umqolo unokuba nzima kwaye indlela ome ngayo ingatshintsha. Ingalo yokufakelwa inokunceda ekulawuleni oku.
- Ukomelela kwengqondo nokuzithemba: Ukukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho kunye namandla owafumanayo okujongana noluntu akubalulekanga kangako.
Izinto ekufuneka uzazi (Iingozi Ezinokubakho):
- Iingxaki zolusu:Ukuba ayifakwanga kakuhle, inokubangela ukurhawuzelelwa lusu kunye nokukrwelwa.
- Ukubila: Kuqhelekile ukuba indawo apho i-prosthesis inxitywa khona ukuze ibile, ngoko ke kufuneka igcinwe icocekile ngamaxesha onke.
- Ukudinwa kwemisipha: Imisipha ingaziva idinwe ekuqaleni, ingakumbi xa usebenzisa izandla, ezisebenza ngamandla omzimba.
- Iziphene zoomatshini: Ngenxa yokuba ezi ziimatshini, zinokonakala kwaye zidinga ukulungiswa ngamanye amaxesha.
Uninzi lwezi ngozi zinokuthintelwa ngokufakwa kakuhle, uqeqesho olufanelekileyo, kunye nokugcinwa kakuhle. Ukuba ufumana naluphi na uvakalelo olungathandekiyo, yazisa ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yeeprosthetist ngokukhawuleza.
Ngaba ungaziva izinto ngesandla sokufakelwa?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Ngobuchwepheshe bangoku, isandla esenziweyo asinakuva ukuchukumisa. Oko kukuthi, asinakuva izinto ezinje ngobushushu, ukubanda, okanye ukuthamba kwento ethile. Nangona kunjalo, uphando luyaqhubeka ukwenza izandla "ezimbini" ezinokuva ukuchukumisa. Sinokubona olo buchwepheshe kwixesha elizayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingalo yokufakelwa lithuba elixabisekileyo kumntu ophulukene nengalo ukuze aphile ubomi obusempilweni kwakhona.
- Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezandla zokufakelwa ezifanela iimfuno zakho nendlela ophila ngayo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
- Le asinto onokuqhelana nayo ngobusuku obunye. Ithatha ixesha, umonde, kunye noqeqesho oluhle. Themba iqela lakho lezonyango.
- Kubalulekile ukuhlala uphilile engqondweni kwaye usempilweni. Musa ukuthandabuza ukufuna uncedo kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Ukuba isetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo, ingalo yokufakelwa ingakunceda uphile ubomi obulungeleleneyo nobusempilweni ngelixa ithintela ukonakala kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho.
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