Ingaba igazi lakho liyajika ngokukhawuleza? Okanye kancinci kancinci? Masithethe ngovavanyo lweProthrombin Time (PT/INR)!

Xa sifumana inxeba kwindawo ethile emzimbeni wethu size siqale ukopha, umzimba wethu usebenza nzima kakhulu ukumisa ukopha, akunjalo? Oku kuyekiswa kokopha yinto esiyibiza ngokuba kukuqhekeka kwegazi. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuqhekeka kwegazi kusenokungenzeki kakuhle. Kusenokuba kucotha kakhulu, okanye kungenzeki ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, uvavanyo olubalulekileyo lokwazi kakuhle indlela inkqubo yakho yokuqhekeka kwegazi ehamba ngayo lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lweProthrombin Time (PT/INR) . Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje.

Yintoni uvavanyo lweProthrombin Time (PT/INR)?

Ngamafutshane, i-Prothrombin Time (PT) , okanye ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi -PT/INR, ilinganisa ukuba igazi lakho likhawuleza kangakanani ukujiya. Iziphumo zinganikwa ngemizuzwana, okanye, ngokuqhelekileyo, kwisibalo esibizwa ngokuba yi-International Normalized Ratio (INR) .

Xa unenxeba kwaye uphuma igazi, igazi lethu lineeproteni ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba zizinto ezibangela ukugabha igazi . Ezi zifana neqela elisebenzisanayo. Eli qela lisebenzisana ukwenza ihlwili kwaye limise ukopha kwegazi. I-Prothrombin yenye iproteni ebalulekileyo kule nkqubo. Iveliswa sisibindi sethu.

Oogqirha badla ngokwenza olunye uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yiPartial Thromboplastin Test (PTT) kunye novavanyo lwePT. Uvavanyo lwePTT lujonga indlela ezisebenza ngayo ezinye izinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi egazini lakho. Ngokudibanisa ulwazi oluvela kuzo zombini, ugqirha wakho unokufumana ukuqonda okungcono ngemeko yakho.

Kutheni sisenza olu Vavanyo lwe-PT? Silindele ntoni kulo?

Oogqirha benza olu vavanyo lwe-PT ukujonga ukuba igazi lakho liqina kakuhle na. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba igazi lakho aliqini kakuhle, nokuba yingozi encinci inokubangela ukuba igazi elininzi lihambe emzimbeni wakho. Kwakhona, ukuba igazi lakho liqina ngokukhawuleza, loo maqhina egazi anokwenzakala aze avale imithambo yethu yegazi. Le yimeko enobungozi.

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba ugqirha wakho agqibe ekubeni enze olu vavanyo lwe-PT:

1. Jonga ukuba iyeza leWarfarin lisebenza kakuhle na.

I-Warfarin , abanye abantu abanokuyiqonda ngegama elithi Coumadin® , sisithambisi segazi esinciphisayo. Inikwa ukuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi ayingozi. Ukuba ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, abantu abasengozini yamahlwili egazi banokuba neemeko ezinzulu ezifana ne -Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) okanye i-Pulmonary Embolism (PE) emithanjeni yabo. Ngoko ke, oogqirha badla ngokwenza olu vavanyo lwe-PT ukuqinisekisa ukuba idosi ye-warfarin oyinikwayo ichanekile.

2. Lungiselela ngaphambi kotyando

Ukuba uza kutyandwa, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela olu vavanyo ukuze ajonge ukuba igazi lakho lingaqinanga kangakanani ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe olu tyando. Oku kukuqinisekisa ukuba awukho sengozini yokopha kakhulu ngexesha lotyando.

3. Chonga iingxaki zokopha kunye nokuxinana kwegazi

Uvavanyo lwe-PT lunokunceda ekufumaniseni ukuba unesifo esibangela ukuba wophe kakhulu na. Abanye abantu banaso, njengokukrweleka lula, ukopha rhoqo empumlweni, okanye ukopha okungayekiyo nokuba kukrweleke kancinci. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekufumaniseni unobangela wezi mpawu.

4. Jonga isifo sesibindi

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, iprotheyini ebizwa ngokuba yiprothrombin yenziwa sisibindi. Ngoko ke, ingxaki ngeprothrombin luphawu lokuba usenokuba nesifo sesibindi. Uvavanyo lwe-PT lolunye lovavanyo lokusebenza kwesibindi olwenziwayo ukuze kubonwe ukuba isibindi sisebenza kakuhle kangakanani na kunye nokuba singakanani isifo sesibindi esikhoyo.

Lwenziwa njani olu Vavanyo lweXesha leProthrombin?

Olu luvavanyo lwegazi olulula kakhulu. Emva kokuba kuthathwe igazi elincinci kuwe, ilebhu yongeza into ebizwa ngokuba yi -thromboplastin kwisampuli yegazi. Oku kunceda igazi ukuba lijiye. Emva koko, ingcali kwilebhu isebenzisa isixhobo ukulinganisa ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba isampuli yegazi lakho lijiye.

Ungazilungiselela njani uvavanyo lwe-PT?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela indlela yokulungiselela oku. Kusenokufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:

• Kuphephe ukuthatha amayeza athile: Umzekelo, amanye amayeza, anje ngama -antibiotics , anokunyusa i-PT/INR yakho. Kwakhona, izinto ezifana neepilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa ngomlomo kunye nonyango lokutshintshwa kweehomoni zinokunciphisa i-PT yakho.
• Nciphisa iVithamin K: Usenokuxelelwa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha izongezo zeVithamin K okanye unciphise ukutya okutyebileyo kwiVithamin K, okufana nekale, ispinatshi, ibroccoli, kunye namagqabi eti. Oku kungenxa yokuba iVithamin K yinto echaphazela ukujiya kwegazi.

Kodwa khumbula, konke oku kufanele kwenziwe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.

Yintoni onokuyilindela xa usenza uvavanyo lwe-PT?

Oku kufana nokunikela ngegazi. Ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kwenza oku ngolu hlobo:

• Indawo apho igazi liza kutsalwa khona iza kucocwa ngotywala. Emva koko, kuya kubekwa ibhendi yelastiki phezu kwengalo yakho.
• Bakuxelela ukuba uxhawule isandla sakho ukuze imithambo yegazi ikhule kakuhle.
• Emva koko, inaliti ifakwa kancinci emthanjeni kwaye igazi elincinci liqokelelwa kwibhotile encinci. Ungaziva urhawuzelelwa kancinci xa inaliti ifakwa.
• Emva kokuba igazi litsaliwe, kufakwa iplasta encinci okanye ibhandishi kwindawo apho inaliti ifakwe khona.

Ngamanye amaxesha, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngokuthatha igazi elincinci kwincam yomunwe wakho. Kukwakho neekiti zovavanyo lwe-PT ekhaya ezisebenza ngokuthatha igazi kwincam yomunwe wakho. Ukuba uthatha i-warfarin kwaye kufuneka uyenze rhoqo le vavanyo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba usebenzise ikiti yasekhaya efana nale. Ukuba kunjalo, uya kufundiswa indlela yokuyisebenzisa kunye nendlela yokuxela iziphumo kugqirha wakho.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo lwe-PT?

Ngokwesiqhelo, emva kovavanyo lwe-PT, ungenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla njengesiqhelo. Usenokuziva ungakhululekanga okanye ukrwelwe apho inaliti ifakwe khona. Kodwa oku akuhlali ixesha elide.

Zithini iziphumo esizifumanayo? Kuthetha ukuthini oko?

Ilebhu ibika iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-PT ngemizuzwana, okanye (ngokwesiqhelo) njengexabiso elibizwa ngokuba yi-International Normalized Ratio (INR) . Eli xabiso le-INR liyimilinganiselo esemgangathweni eyaziswa yi-World Health Organisation (WHO). Le ndlela ye-INR yaziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo azahlukanga ngenxa yomahluko omncinci kwiindlela zovavanyo zeelebhu ezahlukeneyo, kwaye wonke umntu unokunika ingcaciso efanayo.

Nazi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zeziphumo ze-PT/INR:

• Ukuba ngemizuzwana: imizuzwana eli-11 ukuya kweli-13.5.
• Ixabiso le-INR: 0.8 ukuya kwi-1.1. (Oku kwenzelwa umntu ongasebenzisi amayeza okunciphisa igazi afana ne-warfarin)
• Ukuba usebenzisa i-warfarin, i-INR yakho kufuneka ibe phakathi kwe-2.0 kunye ne-3.0 . (Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko zonyango, i-INR ephezulu okanye esezantsi inokufuneka. Oku kuya kugqitywa ngugqirha wakho.)

Iziphumo ze-PT ezingaqhelekanga

Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-PT ephezulu okanye i-INR zithetha ukuba igazi lakho lithatha ixesha elide kunesiqhelo ukuba lijiye. Ukuba awusebenzisi i-warfarin, oku kungaba luphawu lokuba unesifo sokopha, isifo sokujiya kwegazi, okanye ingxaki yesibindi. Kusenokuthetha nokuba awunayo i-vitamin K eyaneleyo emzimbeni wakho.

Ukuba usebenzisa i-warfarin, ixabiso lakho le-INR lisenokuba lingaqhelekanga (nokuba liphezulu kakhulu okanye liphantsi kakhulu) ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• Ukuba awuthathi idosi echanekileyo ye-warfarin.
• Amanye amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha owathathayo, umzekelo amayeza omkhuhlane kunye nezongezo zeevithamini, asenokudibana ne-warfarin.
• Ezinye ukutya neziselo oziselayo, ezifana nekale, ispinatshi, ijusi yecranberry, kunye notywala, zinokuchaphazela i-warfarin.
• Ukuba iyeza olisebenzisayo lesinye isifo lichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-warfarin kwaye linyusa okanye linciphise i-INR yakho.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwazi iziphumo zovavanyo?

Uninzi lwabantu lunokufumana iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-PT/INR kwiiyure ezimbalwa okanye ngosuku. Uvavanyo lweminwe lunokunika iziphumo ngemizuzu embalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isampuli yegazi lakho kufuneka ithunyelwe kwenye ilabhoratri, kungathatha iintsuku ezininzi ukuba iziphumo zibuye.

Ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga, yintoni oyenzayo emva koko?

Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa zombini iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-PT kunye novavanyo lwe-PTT ukuze bagqibe ngento ekufuneka bayenze ngokulandelayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu. Oku kwenzelwa ukufumanisa isifo ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuqala unyango olufanelekileyo lwaso. Uvavanyo lwe-PT lolunye lovavanyo lokuqala lokufumanisa ingxaki yokopha okanye yokujiya kwegazi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kufuneka iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu.

Ukuba usebenzisa i-warfarin, ugqirha wakho uza kuyilungisa idosi yakho ukuze igazi lakho lihlale lijiyile ngokufanelekileyo, ngaphandle komngcipheko wokujiyileka kwegazi.

Ndifanele ndibize ugqirha wam nini?

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nendlela yokulungiselela olu vavanyo lwe-PT, indlela yokufumana iziphumo, okanye into omawuyenze ngokulandelayo, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho. Ngenxa yokuba imeko yomntu wonke yahlukile, ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukunika isikhokelo esingcono malunga nokuba iziphumo zakho zithetha ukuthini kwisicwangciso sakho sempilo.

Khumbula, xa usikekile kwaye uphuma igazi, umzimba wakho ukhawuleza wenze ihlwili ukuze uyeke ukopha uze uqalise ukuphola. Ukuba oko akwenzeki, oogqirha basebenzisa olu vavanyo lweProthrombin Time (PT) ukuze bafumane isizathu.

Ngamafutshane, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, nazi ezinye zezinto eziphambili ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako namhlanje:

• Uvavanyo lweProthrombin Time (PT/INR) lulinganisa ukuba igazi lakho likhawuleza kangakanani ukujiya.
• Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi afana neWarfarin , kuya kufuneka ukuba olu vavanyo lwenziwe rhoqo.
• Oku kunceda ekuxilongeni iingxaki zokopha, iingxaki zokujiya kwegazi, kunye nezinye izifo zesibindi.
• Kusenokufuneka wenze amalungiselelo athile ngaphambi kovavanyo, aza kukuxelela ngalo ugqirha.
• Ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga, ugqirha uya kufumana unobangela aze anike unyango olufunekayo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ugqirha wakho ucela ukuba wenze olu vavanyo lwe-PT/INR, musa ukoyika. Luvavanyo olulula oluza kukuxelela ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nempilo yakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela yonke into malunga nokuba iziphumo zakho zithetha ukuthini kunye nento omawuyenze emva koko.

Uvavanyo lwexesha le - Prothrombin, uvavanyo lwe-PT/INR, ukujiya kwegazi, i-warfarin, uvavanyo lwegazi, ukusebenza kwesibindi, ukopha