Ngaba uyoyika uvavanyo lwe-PSA? Masithethe ngalo ngokulula (Uvavanyo lwe-PSA)

Ngaba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50? Okanye ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40? Ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukuxelele ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-PSA. Abanye abantu bayoyika kancinci baze baxhalabe xa besiva eli gama. "Ayisiyiyo na le nto yokuvavanya umhlaza weprostate?" bacinga. Yintoni kanye kanye i-PSA? Olu vavanyo lukhangela ntoni? Ngaba kufuneka ukhathazeke ngayo? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngayo yonke le nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Kalula nje, yintoni olu vavanyo lwe-PSA?

I-PSA sisishunqulelo se -Prostate-Specific Antigen . Olu luhlobo lweproteni emizimbeni yethu. Yenziwa yi -prostate gland, efumaneka kumadoda kuphela. Khawuthelekelele, le gland ilingana ne-walnut encinci ngobukhulu, efumaneka ngaphantsi kwesinyi sethu.

Ngoko ke, njengeeseli ezisempilweni kwi-prostate, iiseli zomhlaza nazo zenza iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-PSA. Kodwa into ebalulekileyo kukuba, iiseli zomhlaza zihlala zenza iproteni ye-PSA eninzi . Uvavanyo lwe-PSA luvavanyo lwegazi olulula kakhulu. Lulinganisa ubungakanani beproteni ye-PSA egazini lakho. Ukuba inqanaba le-PSA egazini lakho liphezulu kunesiqhelo, libonisa ukuba kukho into engalunganga kwi-prostate yakho, mhlawumbi umngcipheko womhlaza.

Ugqirha uya kwenza uvavanyo lwedijithali lwe-rectal (DRE) kunye novavanyo lwe-PSA. Oku kujonga ubungakanani, imilo, kunye nobume be-prostate gland ukuba akukho ziphazamiso, ezifana namaqhuma.

Ingaba inqanaba le-PSA 'eliqhelekileyo' liyatshintsha ngokuhamba kweminyaka?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Le yinto abantu abaninzi abangayiqondiyo. Akukho nto "iqhelekileyo" kuye wonke umntu. Njengoko sikhula, nokuba asinaso isifo, i-prostate gland yethu iba nkulu kancinci. Ngoko ke amanqanaba e-PSA ngokwendalo ayanda kancinci.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba inqanaba lakho le-PSA liqhelekile na ngokweminyaka yakho okanye kwinqanaba elifuna ingqalelo.

I-PSA idla ngokulinganiswa ngee -nanograms nge-milliliter (ng/ml) . Njengesikhokelo esiqhelekileyo, nazi ezinye zexabiso eliqhelekileyo lobudala:

Khumbula ukuba ezi zizikhokelo nje eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba nje i-PSA yakho iphezulu kancinci kunolu luhlu akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Siza kuthetha ngaloo nto kancinci.

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Ufanele wenze nini uvavanyo lwe-PSA?

Le yingxaki ebalulekileyo.

• Abo basengozini eqhelekileyo: Ngaphandle kokuba unembali eqinileyo yomhlaza weprostate kusapho lwakho, oogqirha bacebisa ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-PSA rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu, ngesiqhelo emva kweminyaka engama-50 .
• Abo basengozini enkulu: Ukuba usengozini enkulu, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uqalise olu vavanyo xa uneminyaka engama-40-45 ubudala .

Ngoobani aba bantu basengozini enkulu?

• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba utata wakho, umnakwenu, okanye unyana wakho ukhe waba nomhlaza weprostate, okanye ukuba amalungu amaninzi osapho lwakho akhe aba nesifo.
• Izinto ezibangela ufuzo: Uphando lufumanise ukuba amadoda asuka eAfrika asengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza weprostate kwaye aselula kakhulu xa ekhula.

Ukongeza, uvavanyo lwe-PSA lusetyenziselwa ukujonga impumelelo yonyango lomhlaza we-prostate kunye nokufumanisa ukuba isifo siphinde sabuya na.

Izinto ekufuneka uzazi ngaphambi kovavanyo

Kulungile, masithi ucwangciselwe ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-PSA. Ukuze ufumane ingxelo echanekileyo , kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uziqwalasele ngaphambi kovavanyo. Ezi zinto zinokuchaphazela ixabiso lakho le-PSA.

Xelela ugqirha wakho ngezi zinto:

• Ukuba uthatha amayeza e-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) (umz. iFinasteride, iDutasteride).
• Ukuba usebenzisa amayeza afana ne-Finasteride (Propecia®) okunceda ukulahleka kweenwele.
• Ukuba usandul' ukwenziwa utyando lweprostate (TUR).
• Ukuba ukhe wahlolwa i-prostate biopsy kwiiveki ezi-6 ezidlulileyo.
• Ukuba usandul' ukufakwa i-catheter.
• Ukuba unesifo sesibindi (esifana ne-'Cirrhosis', 'Hepatitis C').
• Ukuba okwangoku une -urinary tract infection (UTI) okanye ukhe waba nayo kwiinyanga ezi-3 ezidlulileyo.

Musa ukwenza ezi zinto kwiiyure ezingama-48 ngaphambi kovavanyo:

• Musa ukuzibandakanya nakweyiphi na imisebenzi yesondo (kuquka ukuphulula amalungu esini). Ukukhupha i-ejaculation kunokunyusa amanqanaba e-PSA okwethutyana.
• Kuphephe ukuzilolonga okunzima, ingakumbi izinto ezifana nokukhwela ibhayisekile, nto leyo enokunyusa amanqanaba ePSA okwethutyana.

Kuphela kukulandela le miyalelo ngqo apho siya kukwazi ukulinganisa inqanaba lakho le-PSA lokwenyani.

Ngaba inqanaba eliphezulu le-PSA lithetha ukuba kukho umhlaza?

Hayi. Hayi suka. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka wonke umntu ayikhumbule. Musa ukoyika ukuba ingxelo yakho ye-PSA ithi iphezulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho into eyenzekayo kwi-prostate gland yakho kwaye kufuneka iphandwe ngakumbi.

Inqanaba eliphezulu le-PSA 'likhanya elibomvu' lomhlaza, kungekhona 'isiqinisekiso' sokuba ngumhlaza.

Ngaphandle komhlaza, nazi ezinye izizathu zokuba amanqanaba e-PSA anokunyuswa:

• I-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Lo asingomhlaza. Yimeko eqhelekileyo echaphazela amadoda amaninzi njengoko ekhula.
• I-Prostatitis: I-PSA inokwanda ngenxa yosulelo kunye nokudumba kwe-prostate gland.
• Usulelo lweMgudu yomchamo (UTI): Usulelo lweMgudu yomchamo lunokubangela ukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-PSA.
• Iinkqubo zonyango zamva nje: Ngenxa yezinto ezifana ne-biopsies kunye ne-catheterizations esithethe ngazo ngaphambili.
• Ukuzilolonga ngamandla kunye nezenzo zesondo: Ezi zinokunyusa i-PSA okwethutyana ukuba zenziwe kufutshane novavanyo.

Ukuba ixabiso le-PSA liphezulu, kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?

Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-PSA liphezulu ngokweminyaka yakho, ugqirha wakho akayi kuxhalaba, kodwa uza kucwangcisa amanyathelo akho alandelayo ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngokubanzi, ukuba ixabiso le-PSA liphakathi kwe -4 kunye ne-10 (ng/ml) , amathuba okuba nomhlaza we-prostate amalunga ne-25%. Ukuba ixabiso lingaphezulu kwe-10 , amathuba anokuba ngaphezulu kwe-50%.

Ngoko ke, ugqirha unokucebisa iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• Olunye uvavanyo lwe-PSA: Mhlawumbi wenze olunye uvavanyo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuze ubone ukuba ixabiso lisaphezulu na.
• I-MRI scan: I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ingenziwa ukuze kuthathwe imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeprostate kwaye kujongwe naziphi na iindawo ezikrokrisayo.
• I-Prostate Biopsy: Eyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unomhlaza we-prostate kukwenza i-biopsy. Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yezicubu ezivela kwi-prostate uze uzihlole phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze ubone ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza.

Zithini iimpawu zomhlaza weprostate?

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza we-prostate, ngokuqhelekileyo akukho zimpawu . Yiyo loo nto iimvavanyo ezifana ne-PSA zibalulekile. Njengoko isifo siqhubeka, iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ubunzima bomchamo: Ukuchama rhoqo, umchamo obuthathaka, ukutsha okanye iintlungu xa uchama (iDysuria), ubunzima bokulawula umchamo.
• Ukopha ngomchamo okanye ngesidoda.
• Iintlungu ezihlala zisenzeka emqolo, esinqeni, okanye esifubeni: (Oku kuthetha ukuba umhlaza usenokuba usasazeke emathanjeni).
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile okanye iintlungu ngexesha lokukhupha i-ejaculation.

Ukuba unale mpawu, akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unale mpawu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Ngaba kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukulawula amanqanaba e-PSA?

Akukho ndlela yomlingo enokwehlisa amanqanaba e-PSA ngobusuku obunye. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo kunye nokutya kunokunceda ukugcina impilo ye-prostate kunye nokulawula amanqanaba e-PSA.