Khawuthelekelele, umntu ophambi kwakho ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa zingqondo aze awe phantsi. Ubaleka ujikeleza ungxamile, ujonga intamo yakhe ukuba ayishukumi na, kodwa akukho kubetha kwentliziyo. Abaphefumli nokuphefumla. Ucinga ukuba oku kukuma kwentliziyo. Kodwa okumangalisayo kukuba, xa bebasa esibhedlele, oogqirha bathatha i-ECG kwaye ibonisa ukusebenza kombane entliziyweni. Kukho umbane, kodwa intliziyo ayibethi. Le meko ingaqhelekanga, iyingozi yile siyibiza ngokuba yi "Pulseless Electrical Activity." Siyibiza ngokuba yi-PEA ngamafutshane. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo kakhulu. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngayo ngokulula.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-PEA?
I-PEA luhlobo lokuma kwentliziyo. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba, nangona kukho umsebenzi wombane entliziyweni, izihlunu zentliziyo azinciphisi kwaye zipompe igazi ngokwesiginali yombane. Kufana nebhalbhu yesibane engavulwanga kuba intambo itshile nangona kukho umbane .
Lo msebenzi wombane unokulinganiswa nge-ECG (i-electrocardiogram). Nangona kunjalo, xa ujonga i-pulse yakho, awuyi kuva i-pulse kuba intliziyo ayibethi kwaye ayipompi igazi emzimbeni.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-PEA yindlela yokurhawuzelela kwentliziyo "engashukumiyo". Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinakubuyiselwa ngokurhawuzelelwa yi-defibrillator, njengoko kubonisiwe kwiimuvi. Ke ngoko, ukuba unyango olufanelekileyo alufumaneki ngokukhawuleza, ukufa kunokuvela kwimizuzu embalwa.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-PEA
Oogqirha bahlula oku kube ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili.
1. I-Pseudo-PEA: Kule nto, izihlunu zentliziyo ziyafinyela ngenxa yomsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Nokuba ipompa igazi elincinci, ayinamandla njengentliziyo eqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, akukho gazi laneleyo ukuze uve ukubetha kwentliziyo emzimbeni.
2. I-PEA yokwenyani: Kule nto, nangona kukho umsebenzi wombane entliziyweni, izihlunu zentliziyo aziphenduli konke konke . Oko kuthetha ukuba akukho gazi limpontshwayo konke konke. Akukho pulse ivakalayo konke konke.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-PEA kunye ne-Asystole (i-Flat-lining)?
Mhlawumbi ukhe wayibona kwiimuvi, xa umntu esifa, kuvela umgca othe tye kwisikrini onesandi esithi "beep...". Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-`(asystole)` okanye "flat-lining."
- I-PEA: Kukho umbane entliziyweni, kodwa intliziyo ayisebenzi. (Njengomabonwakude onombane , kodwa ophukileyo).
- I-Asystole: Intliziyo ayinambane, kwaye intliziyo ayibethi. Ithule ngokupheleleyo. (Njengomabonwakude ongakhange ucinywe).
Nangona zombini ziimeko zokuma kwentliziyo, umahluko unokubonwa ngokusekwe kwimbonakalo ye-ECG.
Zithini izizathu eziphambili zePEA?
Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela i-PEA. Ukuze kube lula ukuzikhumbula ezi zinto, oogqirha basebenzisa inkqubo yokufutshane ebizwa ngokuba yi-"H's kunye ne-T's." Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.
| Udidi lweMbango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukwehla komthamo wegazi (i-Hypovolemia) | Ukwehla komthamo wegazi emzimbeni ngenxa yesizathu esinjengokopha kakhulu ngenxa yengozi enkulu okanye ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okugqithisileyo. |
| Ukwehla kwamanqanaba eoksijini (iHypoxia) | Ukungabikho komoya-mpilo emzimbeni ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumla nokutshona. |
| Utshintsho kwibhalansi ye-asidi/ityuwa yomzimba (i-hydrogen ion - i-Acidosis) | Ukwanda kwe-asidi emzimbeni ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. Utshintsho olukhulu kumanqanaba e-electrolyte afana ne-potassium. |
| I-Hypothermia (ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi) | Ubushushu bomzimba buyehla buye kwinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu. |
| Ukutya iityhefu | Ukugqithisa amayeza athile, iziyobisi, okanye ezinye izinto ezinobuthi. |
| Ukuqokelelana kolwelo olujikeleze intliziyo (iTamponade - intliziyo) | Umngxuma ojikeleze intliziyo uzaliswa ligazi okanye olunye ulwelo, nto leyo ebangela uxinzelelo entliziyweni. Oku kuthintela intliziyo ukuba ibethe ngokukhululekileyo. |
| I-pneumothorax yoxinzelelo | Umphunga uyaqhuma, uzalise umngxuma wesifuba ngomoya, ucinezela intliziyo nemithambo yegazi. |
| Amahlwili egazi (iThrombosis) | Imeko efana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo (`i-myocardial infarction`) okanye ukuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni (`i-pulmonary embolism`). |
| Ukulimala emzimbeni (Ukwenzakala) | Umonakalo wentliziyo ngenxa yengozi enkulu esifubeni. |
Iphathwa njani le nto?
Xa umntu ene-PEA, kunokuba nzima ukuxilonga ngaphandle kwesibhedlele, njengoko kungenakwenzeka ukubona ngaphandle kwe-ECG. Ngethamsanqa, into yokuqala neyona ibalulekileyo ekufuneka yenziwe kuyo nayiphi na imeko yokubanjwa kwentliziyo yinto enye: i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation).
1. Qala i-CPR ngoko nangoko: Ukuba umntu akazi nto, akanayo i-pulse okanye ukuphefumla, fowunela i-ambulensi ngoko nangoko kwaye uqhubeke nokucinezela isifuba de afike. Eli lithuba elihle lokusindisa ubomi. Ukuba awazi ukuba ungayenza njani i-CPR, iinkonzo zongxamiseko zinokukufundisa indlela yokuyenza.
2. Unyango esibhedlele: Emva kokungeniswa kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele, oogqirha baza kuqhubeka nokwenza i-CPR baze baqalise olunye unyango.
- I-Epinephrine: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-adrenaline. Eli yeza linikwa ukuzama ukubuyisela intliziyo kwisigqi sayo esiqhelekileyo.
- Ukunyanga unobangela: Kubalulekile ukufumanisa ngokukhawuleza unobangela we-PEA (enye yezizathu ezikwitheyibhile engentla) uze uyinyange. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho ukulahleka kwegazi, nika igazi, ukuba akukho oxygen yaneleyo, nika ioksijini, ukuba kukho igazi elijikeleze intliziyo, yisuse ngesirinji.
Khumbula, i-PEA sisingqisho "esingashukumiyo". Oku kuthetha ukuba ukushukuma okuvela kwi-defibrillator akuyi kunceda. Nangona kunjalo, nge-CPR elungileyo, ngamanye amaxesha isingqisho sentliziyo sinokutshintsha sibe sisingqisho esishukumayo (umz., `ventricular fibrillation`). Ngelo xesha, ukushukuma okuvela kwi-defibrillator kunika intliziyo ithuba lokuqalisa kwakhona. Yiyo loo nto i-CPR ibaluleke kangaka.
Yintoni esifanele siyenze xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo?
Ukuma kwentliziyo kusoloko kuyinto engxamisekileyo yezonyango, ngoko ke amanyathelo akhawulezileyo ayimfuneko.
Umntu ophambi kwakho:
- Ukuba ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa ziingqondo uze uwe,
- Ukuba awukwazi ukuziva ukubetha kwentliziyo entanyeni okanye esihlahleni sakho,
- Ukuba ukuphefumla kuyayeka okanye kuba nzima ngendlela engaqhelekanga,
Fowunela i-ambulensi ngoko nangoko. Emva koko, qalisa i-CPR ngokukhawuleza. Yonke imizuzwana ibalulekile.
Nangona i-PEA yimeko enzima kakhulu, ukuqonda kwethu ngayo kuye kwanda kakhulu ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwezonyango zanamhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, imizuzu embalwa yokuqala ibaluleke kakhulu kunayo yonke loo nto. Ke ngoko, ukuba ubona umntu ehlangabezana noku, musa ukoyika, qalisa i-CPR ngoko nangoko, kwaye ufumane uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ngokuqinisekileyo enokunyusa amathuba okusindisa ubomi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-PEA yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango apho intliziyo isebenza ngombane kodwa ingenawo umfutho wegazi.
- Ukuba umntu ngequbuliso uwela phantsi engaqondi, jonga ukubetha kwentliziyo yakhe nokuphefumla kwakhe ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba akukho pulse okanye ukuphefumla, fowunela i-ambulensi ngaphandle kokulibazisa kwaye uqale i-CPR (uxinzelelo lwesifuba) ngoko nangoko.
- Nangona unyango lomothuko (defibrillation) lwePEA ludla ngokungaphumeleli, i-CPR eqhubekayo inokuguqula intliziyo ibe sisingqisho esinomothuko.
- Injongo ephambili yonyango esibhedlele kukufumana nokunyanga unobangela oyintloko we-PEA ngelixa usenza i-CPR.
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