Ngaba inxalenye yentsimi yakho yokubona nayo imnyama? Masithethe ngeQuadrantanopia!

Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi ngequbuliso ulahlekelwe yimbono? Okanye uziva ngathi uhamba kwaye ungqubana nento ethile evela kwelinye icala, okanye uziva ngathi izinto zivela ngequbuliso phambi kwakho? Okanye mhlawumbi inxalenye yombono wakho ivakala imnyama, ngathi imnyama? Ukuba ukhe waba nalo mava, kubalulekile ukuwujonga. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko ethile enokubangela oku, ebizwa ngokuba yi-quadrantanopia . Eli gama lisenokuvakala lingaqhelekanga, kodwa masiligcine lilula.

Yintoni le 'Quadrantanopia'? Ngamafutshane nje...

I-Quadrantanopia ligama lezonyango. Lithetha nje ukuba ulahlekelwa kukubona kwikota yentsimi yakho yokubona , lonke uluhlu lombono wakho. Cinga ngalo lonke umboniso ophambi kwakho njengomfanekiso omnye omkhulu. Sahlula lo mfanekiso ube ziinxalenye ezine ezilinganayo, okanye ii-quadrants. Kufana nokusika ikhekhe ibe zine.

Intsimi yakho yokubona inecandelo lasekunene nelasekhohlo phezulu, kunye necandelo lasekunene nelasekhohlo ezantsi. I-'Quadrantanopia' kuxa ulahlekelwa yiyo yonke into yokubona kwenye yezo ndawo zine, kwaye loo ndawo ibonakala imnyama ngokupheleleyo. Kufana nokuba awukwazi ukuyijonga loo ndawo.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba awukwazi ukubona isiqingatha sentsimi yakho yokubona (phezulu, ezantsi, ekunene, okanye ekhohlo), le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-`Hemianopia`. Apha, igama elithi "anopia" lithetha ukungaboni kakuhle, ubumfama. Igama elithi "hemi" lithetha isiqingatha, kwaye elithi "quadrant" lithetha ikota.

Elinye igama elithi `Quadrantanopia` yi `Quadrantopsia`. Omabini la magama abhekisa kwimeko efanayo.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-'Quadrantanopia'?

Ewe, iQuadrantanopia inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi ikota yentsimi yokubona echaphazelekileyo. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi:

• I-quadrantanopia engabonakaliyo: Oku kuxa ulahlekelwa kukubona kwicala elinye, kwikota enye, yamehlo omabini.
• Oku kungaba kwi-superior quadrant - i-left upper quadrant okanye i-right upper quadrant.
• Okanye isenokuba kwi-quadrants ezisezantsi - i-quadrant esezantsi ekhohlo okanye i-quadrant esezantsi ekunene.
• Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha badla ngokubiza imeko ethi "Homonymous superior quadrantanopia" ngokuthi "iphayi esibhakabhakeni," kuba inxalenye ephezulu yeliso ayibonakali kancinci.
• Kwakhona, ukulahleka kombono kwiindawo ezisezantsi kubizwa ngokuba yi "pie on the floor." La ngamagama okulula ukuwakhumbula.

• `I-Binasal quadrantanopia`: Oku kuchaphazela ii-quadrants eziphezulu okanye ezisezantsi ezikufutshane nempumlo. Oko kukuthi, iindawo zangaphakathi zamehlo omabini.

• `Bitemporal quadrantanopia`: Oku kuchaphazela ii-quadrants eziphezulu okanye ezisezantsi, ezikude nempumlo nangasemva kweendlebe. Oko kukuthi, iindawo zangaphandle zamehlo omabini.

Le meko ihlelwa ngokwendawo ethe yachaphazeleka kuyo.

Zithini iimpawu zomntu oneQuadrantanopia?

Uphawu oluphambili, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kukulahlekelwa ngumbono kwisinye kwisine sentsimi yokubona . Kodwa usenokungaqondi oku kwangoko. Usenokukrokrela oku ngenxa yezinye izinto.

• Ungaqondanga, usenokuqalisa umkhwa wokusoloko ujika intloko yakho uye phambili nangasemva . Yindlela yengqondo yakho yokuzama ukugcwalisa izikhewu embonweni wakho.
• Ngamanye amaxesha izinto zinokubonakala ngathi zivele ngequbuliso phambi kwakho . Umzekelo, xa uhamba esitalatweni, ungaziva ngathi imoto okanye umntu ovela kwelinye icala uvele ngequbuliso phambi kwakho, ngaphandle kokukubona kude kube ngumzuzu wokugqibela.
• Kunokuba yinto efana nokungqubana nento rhoqo, okanye ukunyathela into ethile . Khawuthelekelele, xa uhambahamba endlwini, uhlala ungqubana nomlenze wesitulo, ikona yetafile. Okanye unyathela kakubi xa unyuka okanye uhla izinyuko.
• Xa ufunda, usenokuphoswa yimigca yoonobumba, okanye usenokungaboni oonobumba abathile kwelinye icala.

Kuxa izinto ezinje zisenzeka apho uqala ukucinga, "Owu, kukho into engalunganga ngombono wam, akunjalo?"

Kutheni le nto isenzeka le `Quadrantanopia`? Zithini izizathu?

I-Quadrantanopia yenzeka xa kukho ukuphazamiseka kwindlela yokubona ethwala ulwazi phakathi kwamehlo akho nengqondo yakho . Oko ukubonayo ngamehlo akho kuthunyelwa engqondweni yakho apho sikutolika njengomfanekiso. Olu lwazi luhamba njengemiqondiso yombane ngemithambo-luvo ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-optic nerve kunye namaziko okubona engqondweni yakho. Ukonakala kwezi ndlela kunokubangela ukulahleka kokubona okuncinci.

Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zolu hlobo lomonakalo:

• Istroke: Ukuba umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi engqondweni uvalekile okanye uqhuma, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo kwiiseli zengqondo, iindlela zokubona nazo zingonakaliswa.
• Iithumba: Ithumba (elinomhlaza okanye elingenobungozi) nakweyiphi na indawo yengqondo linokuchaphazela umbono ukuba licinezela umthambo wokubona.
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu (TBI): Le meko inokwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo engqondweni ukuba ufumana ukubethwa okukhulu entloko ngenxa yengozi yemoto, ukuwa, okanye olunye uhlobo lokulimala.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba elinye icala lobuchopho bakho lonakele, ungalahlekelwa kukubona kwindawo yokubona kwelinye icala. Oku kubizwa ngokuba 'ngumonakalo ongaphandle'. Umzekelo, ukuba icala lasekunene lobuchopho bakho lonakele, ungalahlekelwa kukubona kwinxalenye yendawo yokubona kwicala lasekhohlo.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-'Quadrantanopia'?

Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kumbono wakho, ngokuqinisekileyoUfanele ubone ingcali yokhathalelo lwamehlo. Yona iza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho ize yenze uvavanyo lwamehlo.

Ukongeza, kunokwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze kufunyaniswe ngokuchanekileyo esi sifo:

• `Uvavanyo lwentsimi ebonakalayo`: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Lujonga lonke icandelo lakho lokubona. Oko kukuthi, ukuba ungabona kude kangakanani phezulu, ezantsi, ekhohlo, nasekunene ngelixa uhleli kwindawo enye ngaphandle kokushukumisa intloko yakho, ukuba umbono wakho ubuthathaka kangakanani kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zecandelo lakho lokubona, kunye nokuba kukho na amabala amnyama naphi na.
• I-electrophysiology yeliso: Eli qela leemvavanyo lilinganisa indlela iindawo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yakho yokubona (iliso, imithambo-luvo yeliso, ubuchopho) ezisabela ngayo ekukhanyeni. Uvavanyo oluthile lubizwa ngokuba yi-Electroretinogram (ERG).

Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zezi mvavanyo, ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni ngaba uneQuadrantanopia, loluphi uhlobo, kwaye yintoni unobangela.

Iphathwa njani iQuadrantanopia?

Ngamanye amaxesha, iQuadrantanopia ingazilungisa ngokwayo ngaphandle konyango . Nangona kunjalo, oku kudla ngokukwenzeka kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. Oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobungakanani bomonakalo.

Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ochacha ngale ndlela. Ukuba akunjalo, zikho iindlela zokuphila nale meko kunye nokulawula iimpawu.

Ugqirha wakho angacebisa iindlela 'zokubuyisela umbono' . Ezi azibuyiseli umbono olahlekileyo, kodwa zikunceda ukuba usebenzise ngokupheleleyo umbono wakho oseleyo kwaye zinciphise ukuphazamiseka kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla okubangelwa yindawo emnyama.

Ezi ndlela zingabandakanya izinto ezinje:

• Ukuqhela ukujika intloko yakho rhoqo nangokukhawuleza ukujonga indawo emnyama. Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde indawo engabonakaliyo.
• Ukusebenzisa izikhokelo zemigca okanye iimpawu ezikhanyayo ukukunceda uchonge imigca ngelixa ufunda.
• Unyango olukhethekileyo olusekelwe kwikhompyutha oluvuselela iindawo ezikwintsimi yombono emnyama.

Konke oku kwenzelwa ukukunceda ukuba uzimele kangangoko unako kwakhona.

Ngaba kukho into esinokuyenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-'Quadrantanopia'?

Ekubeni izizathu eziphambili ze-'Quadrantanopia' ziyi-'Stroke' kunye ne-'Traumatic brain injury (TBI)', eyona nto sinokuyenza kukuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko wezi meko zimbini. Oku kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa yikota yentsimi yokubona.

Nciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sohlangothi:

• Yitya ukutya okunempilo: Yitya ukutya okunamafutha agcweleyo aphantsi, ityuwa, kunye ne-cholesterol, kwaye uquke iintlobo ngeentlobo zeziqhamo, imifuno kunye nemifuno.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ubunzima obufanele ubude bakho.
• Yenza umthambo rhoqo: Nokuba yinto elula njengokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku inokunceda.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Yeka ukutshaya nokusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba ngokupheleleyo. Thetha nogqirha ukuba ufuna uncedo ngale nto.

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu (TBI):

• Qhuba ngokukhuselekileyo: Soloko unxibe ibhanti yesihlalo. Musa ukuqhuba uphantsi kwempembelelo yeziyobisi okanye utywala. Musa ukusebenzisa ifowuni ngelixa uqhuba.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela xa usebenza okanye udlala imidlalo, ingakumbi iintloko.
• Ukuthintela ukuwa ekhaya: Gcina izinyuko zicacile kwaye zikhanyiswe kakuhle. Lumka kwiindawo ezityibilikayo.
• Hlola amehlo akho rhoqo.
• Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba kukho na amayeza okanye izongezo ozisebenzisayo ezibangela ukuba ube nesiyezi.

Ngokulandela le mikhwa, ungazikhusela kungekuphela nje kwiQuadrantanopia, kodwa nakwezinye izifo ezininzi.

Luhlobo luni lwekamva umntu one-'Quadrantanopia' anokulilindela?

Akukho nyango luqinisekileyo lweQuadrantanopia. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunzima ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo umbono owonakeleyo. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ngamanye amaxesha imeko inokuziphucula ngokwayo, okanye ide iphucuke ngokupheleleyo .

Nokuba usenombono obuthathaka, ungakhathazeki. Uninzi lwabantu lunokuqhubeka nokwenza uninzi lwezinto ababezenza ngaphambili. Kuthatha ixesha ukuziqhelanisa.

Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ngezixhobo ezinokukunceda ujongane nolu tshintsho, njengeenkonzo zokulungisa umbono, iinkonzo zokunika iingcebiso, okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuphinda uvavanye amandla akho okuqhuba.

Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso kagqirha xa ukrokrela ukuba uneQuadrantanopia?

Ukuba ufumana naluphi na utshintsho olukhawulezileyo okanye ukulahleka kombono wakho nangaliphi na ixesha, musa ukulibala. Yiya kugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ukuthi ngqo,

• Ukuba ucinga ukuba unestroke (umz. ukugoba ngequbuliso kwelinye icala lobuso bakho, ukungaziva mnandi engalweni, ubunzima bokuthetha).
• Ukuba ukhe wenzakala ebuchotsheni (umz., ingozi yemoto, ukuwa, okanye ukubetheka entloko kabuhlungu ).

Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile, njengoko iQuadrantanopia inokuba luphawu lwesifo esinzulu esingabonakaliyo.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha malunga neQuadrantanopia?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-Quadrantanopia, usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi. Buza ugqirha wakho ngayo yonke le nto. Umzekelo, ungathanda ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ziziphi izixhobo ezikhoyo zokundinceda ndiphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngale ngxaki yokubona?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na 'izilingo zeklinikhi' endinokuthi ndithathe inxaxheba kuzo?
• Ngaba kukho isicwangciso esikhethekileyo sokutya endifanele ndisilandele?
• Ndingalunceda njani usapho lwam kunye nabahlobo bam? Ngaba kukho iindawo apho banokufumana khona inkxaso?
• Ndingenza uvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ndiyakwazi ukuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo?

Buza yonke into ofuna ukuyazi ngolu hlobo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uyiqonde kakuhle imeko yakho. Mamela ngononophelo into ethethwa liqela lezonyango, uze ulandele iingcebiso zabo.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono i-'Quadrantanopia' esithethe ngayo namhlanje. Ngamafutshane:

• I-Quadrantanopia kukulahlekelwa ngumbono kwikota yentsimi yakho yokubona .
• Izizathu eziphambili zoku zizifo ezifana ne -'Stroke', 'Tumors', kunye ne-'Traumatic brain injury' .
• Ukuba ubona utshintsho olukhawulezileyo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
• Kukho uvavanyo lwamehlo olukhethekileyo lokuxilongwa.
• Isenokuzilungisa yodwa, kodwa ayizizo zonke. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zinokulawulwa ngokulungiswa kokubona .
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukunciphisa umngcipheko westroke kunye neTBI.

Khumbula, umbono wakho uxabiseke kakhulu. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kuwo, musa ukuwutyeshela. Ukwenza izinto ngokukhawuleza kunokuthintela umonakalo omkhulu. Ukuba unezinye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha.

I- Quadrantanopia, intsimi yokubona, ukulahleka kokubona, ukukhubazeka, ukwenzakala kwengqondo, ukuvavanywa kwamehlo, ukuvuselelwa kokubona, istroke, i-TBI