Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ugqirha exelela ilungu losapho, umhlobo, okanye umntu omaziyo, "Kufuneka benze i-heart bypass, baze basuse umthambo engalweni okanye emlenzeni wakho." Ngexesha elinjalo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika kwaye unomdla. "Owu, kwenzeka ntoni kuloo malungu xa esusa umthambo engalweni okanye emlenzeni wakho? Ayizukuphuma igazi? Ngaba kuya kubakho ingxaki kamva?" Usenokuba ucinga izinto ezinjalo, akunjalo? Ewe, namhlanje ndiza kuphendula yonke loo mibuzo ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, kuthetha ukuthini ukususa umthambo?
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, masiqale siqonde kancinci malunga nokuba luyintoni utyando lwentliziyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-heart bypass surgery, okanye olwaziwa ngokwezonyango njengotyando lwe -coronary artery bypass surgery .
Khawuthelekelele ukuba umbhobho wamanzi ophambili ozisa amanzi endlwini yakho uvalekile ndaweni ithile. Ngoku amanzi eza kancinci kakhulu, okanye mhlawumbi akazanga konke konke. Wenza ntoni ke ngoko? Endaweni yokusika inxalenye evalekileyo, uqhagamshela iqhekeza elitsha lombhobho ecaleni nangasemva kwenxalenye evalekileyo uze wenze indlela entsha. Emva koko amanzi aya kuhamba kakuhle kwakhona.
Utyando lwe-heart bypass lufana ngqo nolu. Xa izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol ziqokelelana kwimithambo yentliziyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni yethu ize ivaleke, intliziyo ayifumani gazi lifunekayo. Kulapho ke izinto ezifana ne-angina zenzeka khona. Okwenziwa ngoogqirha kukuba, basebenzisa umthambo wegazi ophilileyo (umthambo) othathwe kwenye inxalenye yomzimba wakho ukuze benze indlela entsha ejikeleze indawo evalekileyo. Le ndlela intsha ibizwa ngokuba yi-graft .
Ngoko ke, oku 'ukususa umthambo', okanye 'ukuvuna' njengoko oogqirha bekubiza njalo, kubhekisa kwinkqubo yokuthatha umthambo wegazi ophilileyo ofunekayo ukwakha loo ndlela intsha ukusuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho.
Zivela phi ezi veins?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zemithambo yegazi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kolu tyando lwe-bypass.
1. Umthambo ojikelezayo
Oku kusengalo yakho, ukusuka engqinibeni ukuya esihlahleni sakho. Uyakhumbula ukuba ugqirha wayeya kuyiva phi i-pulse yakho xa eyiva? Kulapho kuvela khona i-radial artery. Sinemithambo emibini ephambili ezingalweni zethu. Lo ngomnye wayo.
2. Umthambo weSaphenous
Lo ngumthambo omde emzimbeni wethu. Uqala ngaphakathi kwenyawo, uze unyuke nge-groin uze udibanise umthambo onzulu ethangeni. Umsebenzi wemithambo kukuthwala igazi eliphelelwe yioksijini ulibuyisele entliziyweni. Ekubeni lo mthambo ungaphantsi kwesikhumba somlenze, kulula kakhulu ukuwususa ngotyando.
Ugqirha ugqiba njani ukuba asebenzise wuphi umthambo?
Esi asisosigqibo esimele senziwe ngobusuku obunye. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kwenza esi sigqibo emva kokuphonononga imeko yakho ngononophelo kunye nokuqwalasela izinto ezininzi. Baza kukucela ukuba wenze uvavanyo oluninzi ngaphambi kotyando.
- Inani elipheleleyo legazi
- I-X-reyi yesifuba
- Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso olufana ne-CT Scan okanye i-MRI
- Uvavanyo lwe-Angiogram - Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba imithambo yegazi ivalekile kangakanani na entliziyweni.
Isigqibo sokugqibela senziwa emva kokuqwalasela iziphumo zezi mvavanyo, kunye nezinto ezikwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uqwalaselo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ubungakanani kunye nendawo yokuvaleka | Umthambo oza kusetyenziswa uxhomekeke ekubeni umthambo wentliziyo uphi kwaye uvalekile kangakanani. |
| Ubungakanani bemithambo yegazi | Khetha umthambo olingana nowentliziyo yakho ngobukhulu. |
| Ingaba kukho imithambo ephilileyo na | Kubalulekile ukuba umthambo osetyenziswa xa kufakelwa imithambo ube sempilweni ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba unengxaki ngemithambo esemilenzeni yakho (njengemithambo erhabaxa), loo mthambo usenokungakwazi ukuthatyathwa. |
| Imeko yakho yempilo iyonke | Izinto ezifana nezinye iimeko zempilo onazo (ezifana nesifo seswekile) kunye nobudala bakho nazo ziyayichaphazela le sigqibo. |
Ngokwesiqhelo, oogqirha baya kuzama ukufumana umthambo kwicala lakho elingalawulekiyo . Oko kuthetha ukuba, ukuba usebenzisa isandla sasekunene, baya kuzama ukufumana umthambo we-radial kwisandla sakho sasekhohlo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngexesha lotyando?
Le nkqubo yokususa imithambo yenzeka ngaphambi nje kotyando lwakho lwe-bypass. Uhlanjwa i-anesthesia ngokupheleleyo (i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo) kwaye konke oku kugqityiwe. Ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokususa umthambo.
1. Utyando lwe-Endoscopic:Le yeyona nkqubo isetyenziswa kakhulu kodwa ingangeni kakhulu . Kule nkqubo, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-endoscope ngokusebenzisa umngxuma omnye okanye emibini emincinci kakhulu eluswini lwengalo okanye umlenze. Ekupheleni kwale tyhubhu kukho ikhamera, izixhobo ezikhanyayo nezithambileyo ezifunekayo kutyando. Ugqirha, ejonge kwisikrini, wahlula ngononophelo umthambo kwizicubu ezijikelezileyo aze awususe.
2. Utyando Oluvulekileyo: Kule ndlela, ulusu lunqunyulwa ngobude apho kukho umthambo kwaye umthambo ususwe ukuze ubonakale ngokuthe ngqo. Le ndlela yayisetyenziswa ngaphambili, kodwa ngoku ayisasetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yendlela ye-endoscopic.
Nje ukuba umthambo ususiwe, inxalenye ephambili yotyando lwe-bypass iyaqala. Ugqirha uncamathisela elinye icala le-graft kwi-aorta yakho kwaye elinye icala kwi-artery evalekileyo. Ngoku unendlela entsha, enempilo yokuba igazi lihambe liye entliziyweni yakho.
Umbuzo ophambili onokuthi uzibuze wona ngowokuba, "Ngaba ingalo okanye umlenze wam ubungayi kuphazamiseka ukuba bendingenalo umthambo?" Akunjalo konke konke. Imizimba yethu yenziwe kakuhle kakhulu.
* Ukuba sithatha i-Radial Artery yesandla: Omnye umthambo ophambili ohambisa igazi esandleni , i-Ulnar Artery , uthatha umsebenzi we-Radial Artery, uhambisa igazi esandleni nakwingalo ngaphandle kokusilela.
* Ukuba sithatha umthambo othambileyo osemlenzeni: Inkqubo yomthambo onzulu , ekwindawo engaphakathi emlenzeni, ithatha umsebenzi womthambo othambileyo kwaye ithwale igazi lisuka emlenzeni libuyele entliziyweni ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zale ndlela?
Njengakweminye inkqubo yezonyango, kukho iingenelo kunye neengozi. Iingenelo zenkqubo ye-endoscopic ngokukodwa zininzi.
| Iingenelo kunye neengozi | |
|---|---|
| Iingenelo (ingakumbi kwindlela ye-endoscopic) | |
| Ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza | Ayibuhlungu kangako njengotyando oluvulekileyo, ngoko ke ixesha lokuhlala esibhedlele lifutshane. Ungaphila ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ukopha kancinci | Inxeba lincinci kakhulu, ngoko ke ukopha nokukrweleka akuncinci. |
| Amanxeba amancinci | Endaweni yesilonda esikhulu, kusele amanxeba ambalwa kakhulu, ngoko ke umngcipheko wosulelo nawo uyancitshiswa. |
| Iingozi | |
| Iintsholongwane | Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokosuleleka kwiindawo ezisikiweyo. |
| Ukopha kunye nokudumba | Emva kotyando, ukukrweleka nokopha okuthile kungenzeka. |
| Amahlwili egazi | Kunqabile kakhulu, kusenokubakho umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi. |
| Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo | Kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba imithambo-luvo emincinci ekufutshane nomthambo yonakale, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba umntu angabi nangqondo kuloo ndawo. |
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ubuyela ekhaya emva kokubuyela ekhaya
Ingqwalasela yakho ephambili mayibe kukuchacha emva kotyando lwe-bypass. Emva kokuba uphumile esibhedlele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo enikwe ngugqirha wakho kunye nabasebenzi bomongikazi ngokuchanekileyo .
- Ukusela amayeza afanelekileyo: Sela amayeza owanikiweyo ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi (i-anticoagulants) kunye ne-painkillers ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangedosi efanelekileyo.
- Ukugcina amanxeba ecocekile: Uza kufundiswa esibhedlele indlela yokucoca nokubopha amanxeba akho. Landela le miyalelo.
- Kuphephe ukuphakamisa iintsimbi: Musa ukuphakamisa naziphi na iintsimbi de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba wenze njalo.
- Ukunxiba iikawusi ezikhethekileyo:Ukuba ususiwe umthambo wakho we-saphenous emlenzeni wakho, uya kucelwa ukuba unxibe iisokisi ezikhethekileyo zoxinzelelo ukuze unciphise ukudumba. Uya kucetyiswa nokuba ugcine umlenze wakho uphezulu kancinci.
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo (ezifana neentlungu eziqatha esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukubila kakhulu), fowunela inkonzo ye-ambulensi yongxamiseko efana ne-1990 kwaye uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Ukongeza, ukuba kukho uphawu olunye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
- Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana (i-Angina)
- Ukubila okugqithisileyo ngequbuliso
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea)
- Iimpawu zosulelo, ezifana nokukhupha ulwelo olumthubi kwiindawo zotyando kunye nomkhuhlane
Utyando lokungena emzimbeni lutyando olubaluleke kakhulu olusindisa ubomi. Ukususa umthambo emzimbeni wakho yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yalo. Ngokuhambela phambili kweteknoloji, le nkqubo ngoku inokwenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo, ngentlungu encinci kunye nokuchacha ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke musa ukuyoyika ngokungeyomfuneko. Ukuba uneengxaki okanye amathandabuzo, thetha nogqirha wakho ngokukhululekileyo ngayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Kwinkqubo yotyando lwentliziyo, ukufumana umthambo wegazi ophilileyo (umthambo) engalweni okanye emlenzeni wakho yinkqubo eqhelekileyo nebalulekileyo.
- Xa umthambo ususwa ngale ndlela, akukho kuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kuloo mzimba. Eminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni ithatha loo msebenzi.
- Indlela ye-endoscopic, esetyenziswa kakhulu namhlanje, inciphisa iintlungu, amanxeba, kunye nexesha lokuphiliswa.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo yezonyango ngononophelo emva kotyando kubalulekile ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza nangendlela ephumelelayo.
- Ukuba ufumana iintlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye iimpawu zosulelo lwenxeba, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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