Ngaba amehlo omntwana wakho akhanya abomvu kwifoto? Oku kumalunga ne-'Red Reflex'!

Ngaba wakha wathabatha ifoto yomntwana wakho okanye omnye umntwana omncinci ephethe i-flash? Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba ngamanye amaxesha amehlo omntwana akhanya abomvu. Abanye abantu bayakhathazeka kancinci xa bebona oku, becinga, 'Kutheni la mehlo ebomvu? Ngaba kukho into engalunganga?' Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, oku akuyonto ibalulekileyo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-'red reflex'. Masifumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye, kutheni isenzeka, kwaye ingaba yingxaki okanye akunjalo.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-'Red Reflex'?

Ngamafutshane, i-'Red Reflex' ngumbala obomvu obonakala nge-iris xa ukukhanya kubetha ngasemva kweliso kwaye kubuyiselwa ngasemva. Iingcali zabantwana ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kuyijonga le 'red reflex' xa usisa umntwana wakho ekliniki yenyanga, okanye xa usiya kugqirha ukuze ajonge ukukhula kwakhe. Kwakhona, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, le yinto edla ngokubonakala xa uthatha iifoto nge-flash evuliweyo.

Nangona kunjalo, nangona oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'red reflex', nokuba umntu ophilileyo, akusoloko kubonakala kubomvu. Ngenxa yoko, ezinye iingcali zonyango zicebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe igama elithi 'Fundus Reflex' kule nto. Igama elithi 'Fundus' ligama lezonyango elichaza inxalenye yeliso engasemva kweliso. Ngoko ke kweli nqaku, singalisebenzisa elo gama kwezinye iindawo.

Kutheni oku kubonakala kubomvu? Okanye kwenzeka njani oku?

Oku kulula kakhulu. Khawuthelekelele, ukukhanya kuwela elisweni lakho. Oko kukhanya kungena ngaphakathi kweliso, kubethe izicubu ezingasemva kweliso, oko kukuthi, "i-fundus", kuze kubonakale ngasemva. Oko kukhanya kubonakalisiweyo koko sikubona ngesangqa esimnyama seliso lethu. Kufana nokukhanya okubonakalisa esipilini.

Ingaba oku kubonakala kubomvu emehlweni omntu wonke?

Nantsi umbuzo obalulekileyo. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba wonke umntu ufanele akubone oku njengobomvu. Kodwa inyaniso kukuba, umbala wale 'fundus reflex' unokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Isizathu esiphambili saloo nto ngumbala wolusu. Njengoko umbala wolusu usiba mnyama, izicubu ezingasemva kweliso ngaphakathi kweliso nazo zinokuba mnyama kancinci. Emva koko umbala wokukhanya okubonakalisiweyo nawo uyatshintsha.

Ngamafutshane, i-'fundus reflex' esempilweni ingabonakala ngemibala eyahlukeneyo, efana nale:

• Kwabo banesikhumba esikhanyayo: Ihlala ibonakala ukusuka kumbala obomvu ukuya ko-orenji.
• Kubantu baseAsia, okanye abo banesikhumba esiphakathi: Ingabonakala ngathi i-orenji ukuya kuthi ga kumthubi.
• Kubantu abamnyama, okanye abo banesikhumba esimnyama kakhulu: Oku kungabonakala kumnyama, ngamanye amaxesha kuluhlaza okanye kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngoko ke, ungakhathazeki ukuba amehlo omntwana wakho anombala owahlukileyo kobomvu kwifoto. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqhelekile.

Singayibona njani le 'fundus reflex'?

Kule mihla, indlela elula yokubona oku kukuthatha ifoto ngethotshi kwindawo emnyama. Ngenxa yokuba amehlo ethu kufuneka abone ngokucacileyo ebumnyameni, iris yeliso iba nkulu. Emva koko ukukhanya okuvela kwifleshi esetyenziselwa ukuthatha ifoto kungena kwi-iris ekhulisiweyo kuye kwiliso, kwaye kubuyiselwa umva. Oku kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba iris inciphe kwakhona.

Abafoti bakubiza oku ngokuthi 'yimpembelelo yamehlo abomvu'. Iingcali zokuthatha iifoto zizama ukususa oku kwiifoto zazo. Ii-apps ezininzi zeefoto zefowuni kule mihla zikwanazo neendlela zokususa eli 'liso libomvu'.

Kunini apho kufuneka sikhathazeke khona nge-'Red Reflex'?

Le yeyona ngongoma ibalulekileyo. I-'fundus reflex' luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu olunokusetyenziswa ukufumanisa impilo yamehlo abantwana abancinci, ingakumbi iintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa. Kuba inokubona ezinye iingxaki zokubona, iimeko ezithile zamehlo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nezifo ezinzulu kwangethuba.

Ukuba kukho ingxaki, kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zokujonga i-'fundus reflex' ngendlela eyahlukileyo:

• I-Leukocoria: Oku kuthetha "iliso elimhlophe." Kule meko, i-fundus reflex ibonakala ikhanya, ityheli, okanye imhlophe. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukukhanya kubonakaliswa ngenye into engeyiyo i-fundus engaphakathi kweliso. Kunqabile kakhulu, oku kungaba luphawu lohlobo lomhlaza wamehlo olubizwa ngokuba yi-retinoblastoma. Ingachaphazela iliso elinye okanye omabini. Ichaphazela malunga ne-1 kwi-15,000 yabantwana abasandul' ukuzalwa.
• Ukukhanya okubuthathaka kwelinye icala: 'I-fundus reflex' kufuneka ifane emehlweni omabini kwaye icace. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokuxhomekeke kwikona yokujonga okanye ukukhanya, elinye icala lisenokungabonakali kangako. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukukhanya kwelinye iliso kuhlala kufana nelinye, yingxaki leyo.
• Ukungabikho kwe-fundus reflex kwelinye iliso: Ukuba i-fundus reflex ibonakala kwelinye iliso, kodwa ingabonakali kwelinye iliso konke konke, oku kungaba luphawu lwengxaki.

Ngaba ufanele ukhathazeke xa ubona utshintsho kwifoto?

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule apha kukuba i-'fundus reflex' yinto ejongwa ngoogqirha abaqeqeshiweyo besebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana ne-'ophthalmoscope'. Nangona singakubona oku kwiifoto, ayisiyongcinga ilungileyo ukoyika kuba nje ubona umahluko kwifoto enye.

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zaloo nto:

• Ulwakhiwo lweliso:Inxalenye ebonakalayo yeliso lethu, i-cornea, nayo inokubonakalisa ukukhanya. Loo mbonakalo ngamanye amaxesha inokubonakala njengombala okhanyayo. Kodwa ayisiyo mbonakalo evela ngaphakathi kweliso.
• I-engile yokujonga: Indlela ebonakala ngayo i-'fundus reflex' iyatshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kwi-engile esiyijonga ngayo. Ngoko ke, nokuba kukho umahluko kwifoto enye, ayisiyonto yokukhathazeka ngayo ngaphandle kokuba ibonakala rhoqo kwiifoto ezininzi.
• Umgama: Oogqirha bayawujonga lo 'mfundus reflex' besuka kumgama ophakathi kwe-1.5 kunye ne-3 feet (0.45 - 0.9 metres). Akucaci kangako xa usuka kude. Ukuba kukho umfanekiso obonakalayo usuka kude, mhlawumbi ngumfanekiso osuka ngaphambili kweliso.

Ndingenza ntoni xa ndibona into engaqhelekanga 'kwi-red reflex' yomntwana wam?

Ukuba ubona into engaqhelekanga kwi-fundus reflex yomntwana wakho (okanye umntwana omkhathalelayo), kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika, ukhathazekile, okanye uxhalabile. Kodwa khumbula, ungoyiki kuba nje ubona ifoto enye. Zininzi izizathu zokuba i-fundus reflex ibonakale ingaqhelekanga kwifoto.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uhlala ubona utshintsho olufanayo kwiifoto ezininzi, okanye ukuba uneengxaki, kungcono ukufowunela ugqirha wezingane womntwana wakho, umchazele into oyiqapheleyo, kwaye ucwangcise idinga lokumxilonga umntwana wakho. Ugqirha angajonga i-fundus reflex yomntwana wakho ukuze abone ukuba kukho into enokumkhathaza.

Olu vavanyo luthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela. Kwiimeko ezininzi, akufuneki ukwanda, kwaye akubuhlungu. Ukuba ugqirha uvakalelwa kukuba kukho into efuna ingqalelo engakumbi, uza kukuthumela kwingcali yokhathalelo lwamehlo.

Ngaba zikho ii-apps zefowuni ezinokubona i-'Red Reflex'?

Impendulo koku ngu-ewe no-hayi. Bekukho ii-apps ebezinokusetyenziswa kolu hlobo lwento ngaphambili, kodwa uninzi lwazo bezizezophando. Usenokukwazi ukufumana ezinye, kodwa okwangoku akukho apps zivunyiweyo ziigunya zikarhulumente ngeenjongo zonyango. Ii-apps ezintsha ziphuma rhoqo, kodwa ayingombono ulungileyo ukuthembela kuzo zodwa.

Ukuba ukhe waba nombuzo malunga nempilo yamehlo yomntwana wakho, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wabantwana okanye omnye ugqirha ofanelekileyo. Ii-apps ngamanye amaxesha zinokunceda ekuxilongeni izinto ezithile, kodwa ungaze usebenzise ii-apps endaweni yokubona ugqirha oqeqeshiweyo nofanelekileyo.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, masizikhumbuze ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo malunga ne-'Red Reflex' okanye i-'Fundus Reflex' esithethe ngayo.

• Oku kubhekisa kwimbonakalo eyenzeka xa ukukhanya kuwela elisweni, kubonakaliswa ngasemva kweliso, kwaye kubonakala nge-iris emnyama yeliso.
• Olu vavanyo lubaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni kwangethuba iimeko ezinzulu zamehlo ebantwaneni, ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, ezifana nomhlaza wamehlo ongaqhelekanga (i-Retinoblastoma).
• Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nombala wokukhanya obonakala emehlweni omntwana wakho, okanye nantoni na engaqhelekanga ngenkangeleko yakhe, musa ukoyika uze ubone ugqirha wabantwana.
• Uvavanyo olulula lwamehlo kunye novavanyo lwe-'Fundus Reflex' lunokuchonga naziphi na iingxaki kwangethuba kwaye lususe nakuphi na ukuthandabuza onokuba nakho. Khumbula, ukubhaqwa kwangethuba yeyona nto ilungileyo!

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba uyiqonda kakuhle i-'Red Reflex'. Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda!

I- Red reflex, i-fundus reflex, amehlo abomvu, amehlo omntwana, impilo yamehlo, i-leukocoria, i-retinoblastoma