Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba iintlobo ngeentlobo zeethumba zinokukhula ngaphakathi kwezintso zethu? Ngamanye amaxesha ezi thumba zifunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo olwenziwe kwenye into ngaphandle kweempawu. Umzekelo, uhlobo lwethumba olukhula kwizintso, kodwa ludla ngokuba lolomhlaza (oko kukuthi, olungengomhlaza), lubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Renal Angiomyolipoma)` okanye `(AML)`. Nangona igama lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, masithethe ngalo ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni le `(Renal Angiomyolipoma)` okanye `(AML)`?
Ngamafutshane, i-Renal Angiomyolipoma sisimila esikhula kwizintso zakho. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba uninzi lwala mathumba awanawo umhlaza (angenabungozi) . Oku kuthetha ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba abangele naziphi na iingxaki ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, la mathumba anokuqhekeka aze abangele ukopha , okunokuba yingozi kakhulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kube yingozi ebomini.
Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba nethumba?" Umzimba wethu uneeseli ezahlukanayo nezikhula ngokwesiqhelo ukuze zigcine imizimba yethu ikwimeko entle. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezi seli ziqala ukukhula ngendlela engalawulekiyo negqithisileyo . Kulapho kuvela khona ithumba. Eli thumba libizwa ngokuba yi-`(Renal Angiomyolipoma)` lenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu aphambili:
- Ivazi yegazi
- Iiseli zemisipha
- kunye neeseli zamafutha (amafutha)
Zonke ezi zinto zintathu ziyadibana ukuze zenze esi siqhamo sikhethekileyo.
Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(AML)`?
Enyanisweni, olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-benign (non-cancer) kidney tumor. Ngokwezibalo, le meko ichaphazela abantu abaphakathi kwaba-2 naba-6 kwabayi-1,000 . Ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala . Ke ngoko, ukuba ungumfazi okwiqela leminyaka, kulungile ukukwazi oku.
Ingaba oku `(Renal Angiomyolipoma)` kunxulumene nezinye izifo?
Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha le meko `(Renal AML)` inokubonwa kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo ezininzi. Oko kukuthi, kukho umkhwa othile wokuba la mathumba `(AML)` akhule phakathi kwabantu abanezo zifo. Ezinye zezo zifo zezi:
- I-Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) - Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga esichaphazela kakhulu imiphunga.
- Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 1 - Le yimeko yemfuza ebangela iithumba kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
- I-Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) - Le yimeko yemfuza. Ii-tumor ezingezizo ezibangela isifo zikhula kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, ezifana nengqondo, izintso, intliziyo, imiphunga, kunye nolusu. Ii-tumor ze-AML nazo zidla ngokubonakala kule meko.
- `(isifo sikaHippel-Lindau)` - Esi sisifo esibangelwa yimfuza, esinokubangela ukuba kubekho iithumba kunye nee-cysts ezizaliswe lulwelo kwizitho ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.
Ngoko ke, ukuba unale meko, oogqirha baya kukhangela `(AML)`.
Kutheni le nto `(i-Renal Angiomyolipoma)` iphuhla? Yintoni unobangela?
Isizathu esiphambili soku kukubaUtshintsho kwijini lubizwa ngokuba yi-genetic mutation. Ngokuchanekileyo, olu tshintsho lwenzeka kwiijini ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba yi-`(TSC1)` okanye `(TSC2)`. Ezi jini zibizwa ngokuba yi- "tumor suppressor genes" . Oko kukuthi, umsebenzi wezi jini kukulawula ukukhula okungafunekiyo kweeseli zethu.
Le gene `(TSC)` ivelisa iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-tuberin . Le protein inceda ekulawuleni ukukhula kunye nobukhulu beeseli. Ngoko ke, khawucinge, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kukho utshintsho okanye utshintsho kule gene `(TSC)`? Emva koko ukuveliswa kweproteni ye-tuberin kuyaphazamiseka. Emva koko isignali "yokumisa" iiseli ayihambi kakuhle. Ngenxa yoko, iiseli ziqala ukukhula ngendlela engalawulekiyo , kwaye ekugqibeleni kuvela ithumba elifana ne-`(AML)`. Uyaqonda?
Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Renal Angiomyolipoma)`?
Abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba bane-Renal AML! Oku kungenxa yokuba uninzi lwexesha akukho zimpawu . Ifunyanwa ngengozi kuphela xa uvavanyo lwezintso (njengokuskena nge-ultrasound) lwenziwa ngesinye isizathu.
Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile, le thumba `(AML)` inokubangela iimpawu. Ngamanye amaxesha ithumba lifunyanwa ngenxa yemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi `(retroperitoneal hemorrhage)` . Oku kuyingozi ngakumbi. Ngamafutshane, inxalenye yethumba iyaqhekeka ize iqale ukopha iye kwindawo engasemva kwesisu. Oku kungxamiseko kwaye kunokuba yingozi ebomini.
Ukongeza, kukho nezinye iimpawu ezininzi ezingabonakaliyo kakhulu:
- I-anemia - Oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba awunazo iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezaneleyo.
- Ukuva iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki esiswini, emqolo, nakwisinqe .
- Ukubakho kwegazi okanye iiseli zegazi kumchamo (iHematuria) .
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (iHypertension) .
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso - Oku kunqabile kakhulu.
- Ndiva iqhuma elivakala ngathi libanjwe esandleni .
- Usulelo lomchamo .
Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
Sifunyaniswa njani esi sifo `(Renal Angiomyolipoma)`?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, uninzi lwexesha, la mathumba "a-AML" afunyanwa ngengozi. Afunyanwa ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwesisu ngesinye isizathu, okanye ngexesha lokuhlolwa rhoqo kwabantu abanezifo ezinxulumene noko, njenge-"Tuberous Sclerosis" esithethe ngayo ngaphambili.
Ugqirha angakuqinisekisa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-AML yezintso ngokwenza uvavanyo oluninzi oluthatha imifanekiso yangaphakathi kwesisu sakho :
- (Iskeni ye-CT) (Iskeni ye-Computed Tomography)
- (I-MRI) (Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance)
- `(Iskeni ye-Ultrasound)` (Iskeni ye-Ultrasound)
Kwiimeko ezininzi, olunye lwezi vavanyo zokujonga imifanekiso lwanele ukwenza uxilongo. Ngenxa yokuba ezi Angiomyolipomas zeNgxelo zinamafutha, zihlala zibonakala zimthubi wegolide kwiiskeni. Ezi tumors zingahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka kwi-1 cm ukuya kwi-20 cm . Ubukhulu obuqhelekileyo obubonwayo bumalunga ne-9 cm.
Kodwa, kuthekani ukuba ngamanye amaxesha iqela lezonyango alikwazi ukuqiniseka ukuba ithumba alinabungozi okanye linomhlaza? Kwimeko enjalo, banokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy yezintso . Oku kuquka ukususa iqhekeza elincinci lethumba ngotyando nokulihlola phantsi kwe-microscope. Oku kuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iiseli zinomhlaza okanye akunjalo.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-`(Renal Angiomyolipoma)`?
Unyango lwe-`(Renal Angiomyolipoma)` lunokwahluka kakhulu. Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengobungakanani bethumba, ukuba kukho iimpawu, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango eziphambili:
1. Ukubeka esweni okusebenzayo:
Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"watch and wait." Ukuba i-Renal Angiomyolipoma incinci (idla ngokuba ngaphantsi kwe-4 centimeters) kwaye ayinazo iimpawu , ugqirha wakho angacebisa le ndlela. Awuyi kunikwa naluphi na unyango. Nangona kunjalo, uya kuhlolwa naluphi na utshintsho kwi-tumor ngama-scan rhoqo .
2. Amayeza:
Ezinye iithumba ze-AML ziyasabela kudidi lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-mTOR inhibitors . Ezi ziindlela zonyango ezijoliswe kuzo ezijolise ekuguqulweni kwezakhi zofuzo. La mayeza anokuthintela ukukhula kwethumba okanye alinciphise.
3. Utyando:
Ugqirha angacebisa utyando kwiimeko ezilandelayo:
- Ukuba `(AML)` ibangela iimpawu (umz. iintlungu, ukopha).
- Ukuba ithumba lingaphezulu kweesentimitha ezi-4 okanye ngaphezulu (kuba ithumba elikhulu linokugqabhuka lize liphume igazi).
- Ukuba kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba ithumba lisenokuba ngumhlaza .
- Ukuba ungumfazi osexesheni lokuzala (utshintsho lweehomoni ngexesha lokukhulelwa lunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokukhula nokuqhuma kwethumba).
- Uhlala kwindawo apho kunzima khona ukufikelela kunyango olungxamisekileyo okanye kwiinkonzo zokulandelela (kuba, kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, ezifana nokopha, unyango olukhawulezileyo luyafuneka).
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango lotyando:
- Ukufakwa kwegazi emzimbeni: Oku kuquka ukuvala imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwithumba. Le yinkqubo eluncedo kakhulu kwiimeko zokopha ngenxa ye-Renal AML.
- `(Utyando lweNefrectomy)` (Utyando lweNefrectomy):Kule nto, inxalenye okanye yonke intso echaphazelekayo iyasuswa.
- Utyando lwe-nephrectomy okanye utyando lokusindisa i-Nephron: Oku kuquka ukususa ithumba kuphela, kushiye indawo ephilileyo yezintso ingachaphazelekanga. Oogqirha bazama ukusebenzisa le ndlela nanini na xa kunokwenzeka.
- Ukususwa kwe-Radiofrequency: Oku kusebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu ukutshabalalisa izicubu ezingaqhelekanga (ithumba).
Ndingawunciphisa na umngcipheko wokuba ne-Renal AML?
Ukuba sithetha inyani, akukho nto sinokuyenza ukuthintela utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo olukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwe-`(Renal Angiomyolipoma)`. Zizinto ezenzeka ngaphaya kwamandla ethu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezinye zezi meko ezinxulumene noko esizixubushileyo ngaphambili (umz. iTuberous Sclerosis Complex, iLymphangioleiomyomatosis, iNeurofibromatosis uhlobo 1, isifo sikaVon Hippel-Lindau) , kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwemifanekiso rhoqo . Emva koko, ukuba i-AML iphuhlile, inokubonwa kwangethuba . Ngale ndlela, unyango olufunekayo lunokuqaliswa kwangethuba kwaye umngcipheko weengxaki unokuncipha.
Ukuba ndinayo le meko, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwee-Renal Angiomyolipomas zincinci kwaye azifane zibangele iingxaki ezinkulu . Nangona kunjalo, ipesenti encinci inokuba yingozi okanye yophe kakhulu. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuzijonga ngononophelo ukuba une-Renal AML. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwemifanekiso kangaphi.
Khumbula, i-AML inokuphinda ivele nasemva konyango. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala unxibelelana neqela lakho lezonyango kwaye uhlolwe rhoqo njengoko becebisa.
Ndingalufuna nini uncedo lwezonyango?
Ukuba ufunyenwe une-AML yezintso, okanye ukuba unemeko enxulunyaniswa ne-AML, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iimpawu zokopha emqolo . Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza :
- Ukuba kukho igazi kumchamo wakho.
- Ukuba unentlungu engapheliyo esiswini sakho esingaphezulu okanye esinqeni.
- Ukuba ubona iimpawu zokothuka:
- Ukudideka
- Isantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo
- Isiyezi
- Ukuphefumla kancinci
- Ulusu olukhanyayo
Ukuba ubona into efana nale, musa ukulibazisa.
Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)
Kulungile, ngoko ke i-`(Renal Angiomyolipoma)` okanye `(AML)` ebesithetha ngayo sisimila esikhula kwizintso, kwaye sidla ngokuba singengomhlaza (singenobungozi).. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kufunyanwa ngengozi, ngexesha lovavanyo olunye. Ukuba ufunyaniswe ukuba unolu hlobo lwe-`(Renal AML)`, ungoyiki . Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze agqibe ukuba loluphi unyango okanye indlela yokubeka esweni efanelekileyo kuwe.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukujonga ezi thumba rhoqo . Ngokwenza njalo, unokuthintela ukuba imeko enzima efana nokopha ingaveli. Kuba ukuba kwenzeka into efana naleyo, inokuba yingozi ebomini. Ngoko ke, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kwaye uvavanywe ngexesha. Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho!
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Ingaba i-Renal Angiomyolipoma ngumhlaza wezintso?
Hayi! Le yeyona thumba ixhaphakileyo, kodwa engeyomhlaza (engeyongozi) eyenzeka kwizintso. Njengoko igama lisitsho, le thumba yenziwa kukudibana kwemithambo yegazi (i-Angio), izihlunu (i-Myo), kunye namafutha/oyile (i-Lipo). Ayikaze isasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
💬 Ayisiyongxaki le nangona ingengumhlaza?
Ukuba le thumba incinci kuneesentimitha ezi-4 (ububanzi), akukho ngxaki, kwaye umntu akaziva nokuba ikhona. Nangona kunjalo, xa ithumba likhula, imithambo yegazi engaphakathi kwalo iyaqhuma kwaye igazi liqala ukugeleza ngequbuliso liye kwizintso (ukopha kwangaphakathi), okubangela intlungu enzima kwanokufa.
💬 Ukuba ithumba likhulu, ngaba kufuneka ndisike yonke intso ndiyisuse?
Ngaphambili, yonke intso yayisuswa. Kodwa ngoku kukho iindlela ezintsha zokusindisa intso. Ityhubhu idluliselwa emlenzeni kwaye umthambo ohambisa igazi kwithumba uyavalwa (embolization), nto leyo ebangela ukuba ithumba linciphe ngokwalo. Okanye, yinxalenye yethumba elapho kuphela esuswayo (i-partial nephrectomy).
I- Angiomyolipoma yezintso, i-AML, ii-Kidney Tumors, isifo sezintso, i-Tuberous Sclerosis, ukopha kwezintso, utshintsho lwemfuza
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