Sonke siyazi ngezintso, akunjalo? La malungu mabini amancinci ahluza aze ahlukanise inkunkuma emzimbeni aze ayikhuphe njengomchamo, uyazi ukuba zisebenza kangakanani ngokwenene? Izintso, ezenza umsebenzi omhle ngokuthula ukugcina ibhalansi yomzimba wethu, zifana nesicoci esikhulu emzimbeni wethu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yezi zintso, oko kukuthi, 'iqokobhe' okanye iRenal Cortex, eyinxalenye engaphandle yezintso. Eli gama lisenokuba litsha kuwe, kodwa uya kumangaliswa xa ufunda ngomsebenzi wale nxalenye!
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le Renal Cortex?
Cinga ngentso njengesiqhamo. Inxalenye efana nolusu lwangaphandle lwesiqhamo ibizwa ngokuba yiRenal Cortex . Le yilaphu langaphandle lentso. Oogqirha bayibiza ngokuba yi'renal cortex'. Inxalenye ephakathi yentso ngaphakathi kwale Cortex ibizwa ngokuba yiMedulla . Ngoko ke le Cortex ijikeleza kwaye ikhusela iMedulla. Ngaphandle, le ntso yonke igqunywe ngomnye ulwelo olukhuselayo oluqinileyo olubizwa ngokuba yiRenal Capsule .
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwizintso ziiyunithi zokucoca igazi. Ezi nephrons sizibiza ngokuba zii-nephrons . Ubusazi na, kukho malunga nesigidi sezi nephrons kwintso enye! Ezi nephrons ziqala kwi-Renal Cortex. Isihluzo esiphambili kwi-nephron sibizwa ngokuba yi-Glomerulus . Esi sihluzo sihluza igazi kwaye imveliso engafunekiyo idlula kwiityhubhu. Ngaphakathi kwi-Cortex, ezi tubules zixinene kakhulu. Kodwa xa zifika kwi-Medulla, ziba ziityhubhu ezithe tye.
Ngamafutshane, iRenal Cortex yeyona mboni iphambili apho inkqubo yokuhluza igazi kwezintso iqala khona.
Zithini imisebenzi ephambili yezintso kunye ne-cortex yezintso?
Izintso azilolungu nje elenza umchamo. Zenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo egcina ulungelelwano lomzimba wethu wonke. I-Renal Cortex idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuyo yonke le nto.
- Ulawulo lwetyuwa kunye nokulinganisela kwamanzi: Izintso zinceda ukugcina amanqanaba afanelekileyo ee-electrolytes , njenge-sodium kunye ne-potassium, kunye namanzi emzimbeni wethu.
- Ulawulo loxinzelelo lwegazi: Izintso nazo zibalulekile ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi, njengoko zilawula ubungakanani bolwelo kunye netyuwa emzimbeni.
- Ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi: Ihomoni (i-Erythropoietin) enceda ekuveliseni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi iveliswa zizintso.
- Ukulinganisela i-asidi-base: Omnye umsebenzi wezintso kukugcina amanqanaba afanelekileyo e-asidi kunye nesiseko egazini lethu.
- Ukuveliswa kweVithamin D: Izintso nesibindi zisebenza kunye ukuguqula iVithamin D esiyityayo ibe yifom enokusetyenziswa ngumzimba.
- Ibhalansi yecalcium kunye nephosphate: Izintso zikwanceda ekulawuleni amanqanaba ecalcium kunye nephosphate, abalulekileyo kumathambo aqinileyo.
- Ukuveliswa kweglucose: Iswekile (iglucose) esiyidingayo emzimbeni wethu yenziwa kakhulu sisibindi, kodwa incinci ikwaveliswa zizintso. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiglucogenesis .
Ziziphi izifo kunye neemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela i-cortex yezintso?
Ngelishwa, zininzi iimeko ezinokuchaphazela izintso zethu, ingakumbi iRenal Cortex. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa zazo.
| Imeko | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD) | Ukusebenza kwezintso kuyehla kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zezona zinto zibangela oku. |
| Umhlaza wezintso | Ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli zezintso. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo yiRenal Cell Carcinoma . |
| Ukusilela Kwezintso | Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso kwenzeka ngequbuliso (ngokukhawulezileyo) okanye kancinci kancinci (okungapheliyo). Xa izintso zingaphumeleli ngokupheleleyo, unyango lwe-dialysis luyafuneka ukuze kuhluzwe igazi. |
| Usulelo lwezintso (iPyelonephritis) | Iintsholongwane zingena kwizintso ngendlela yomchamo, nto leyo ebangela usulelo. Oku kunyangwa ngee-antibiotics. |
| Amatye Ezintso | Iityuwa zeminerali kumchamo ziyaqokelelana zenze iikristale ezincinci ezifana nelitye. Ezi zinokuthintela ukuhamba komchamo. |
| Isifo sezintso esinePolycystic (PKD) | Esi sisifo esibangelwa lufuzo. Sibangela ukuba kubekho ii-cysts ezininzi ezizaliswe lulwelo kwizintso. Oku kunokukhokelela kuxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. |
Ukongeza koku, kukho nezinye iimeko ezininzi ezinzulu ezichaphazela izintso.
- I-Acidosis: Xa izintso zingasebenzi kakuhle, igazi liba ne-asidi. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba akunyangwa.
- I-Nephropathy: Ukonakala kwezintso okubangelwa sisifo seswekile (i-Diabetic Nephropathy) kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (i-Hypertensive Nephropathy).
- Izifo zeGlomerular: Ukonakala okanye ukudumba kwezihluzi (i-glomeruli) kwizintso nako kunokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
- I-Proteinuria kunye ne-Nephrotic Syndrome: I-Proteinuria kukuphuma kweproteni kakhulu kumchamo. Olu luphawu lomonakalo wezintso. Ukuba iproteni eninzi kakhulu ikhutshwa, isenokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Nephrotic Syndrome.
- I-uremia: Imeko apho iityhefu ekufuneka zisuswe zizintso ziqokelelana egazini endaweni yokuba zisuswe emzimbeni. Le yimeko enobungozi kakhulu.
Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo sezintso?
Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu ngezifo ezininzi zezintso kukuba azibonisi zimpawu zicacileyo kwizigaba zokuqala . Ezi mpawu ziqala ukuvela kuphela xa isifo siqhubela phambili kancinci.
| Uphawu | Kutheni oko kusenzeka? |
|---|---|
| Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha | Ngenxa yokulahlekelwa yibhalansi ye-electrolyte (ityuwa) emzimbeni, unokubona ukulahleka kweenwele rhoqo. |
| Umchamo omnyama okanye onegazi | Xa izihluzi zezintso zonakele, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zinokuqokelelana kumchamo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hematuria . |
| Umchamo onogwebu | Kusenokuba luphawu lokuba inani leeprotheyini kumchamo liphezulu. |
| Ulusu olomileyo nolurhawuzelayo | Ngenxa yokungalingani kweeminerali kunye nezondlo egazini. |
| Ukuchama rhoqo | Ngenxa yeengxaki kwinkqubo yokuhluza inkunkuma. |
| Ukudumba phantsi kwamehlo nasemaqatheni | Xa ukusebenza kwezintso kuncipha, i-sodium kunye neproteni ziyagcinwa emzimbeni. Oku kubangela ukuba ulwelo luqokeleleke kwaye umzimba udumbe (i-edema) . |
| Ukungalali, ukudinwa kakhulu, ukungabi namdla wokutya | Ukuqokelelwa kweetyhefu egazini kuchaphazela ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo komzimba. |
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga impilo yezintso?
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukusebenza kwezintso, unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa oko.
- Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso (i-X-ray, i-CT scan, i-MRI, i-Ultrasound): Olu vavanyo lunokujonga imo, ubungakanani, kunye nokubakho kwayo nayiphi na imiqobo okanye ukungaqheleki kwezintso. Umzekelo, ukuba ubukhulu be-cortex yezintso bunciphile, kunokucingelwa ukuba izintso zonakele.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi: Olu vavanyo lunokulinganisa ukuba iiglomeruli zezintso zihluza igazi kakuhle kangakanani. I-Serum Creatinine lolona vavanyo luqhelekileyo.
- I-Biopsy Yezintso: Kule meko, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicubu sezintso lize lihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope.
- Uhlalutyo lomchamo: Kuthathwa isampulu yomchamo ize ihlolwe iproteni, igazi, njl. Oku kunokunika izikhokelo malunga nosulelo okanye iimeko zempilo.
Ungazigcina njani izintso zakho ziphilile?
Kungcono ukuthintela isifo sezintso ngaphambi kokuba senzeke kunokusinyanga emva kokuba senzeke. Nazi ezinye izinto ezilula onokuzenza.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukutshaya konakalisa imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezintso.
- Nciphisa ukuthathwa kwetyuwa: Ukutya ityuwa eninzi kunokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye konakalise izintso.
- Sela amanzi amaninzi: Ukusela amanzi aneleyo kunceda izintso ukuba zisuse ubuthi emzimbeni ngokulula.
- Ukuzilolonga imihla ngemihla: Ukuzilolonga kunokunceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokugcina ubunzima obusempilweni.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezidambisi-ntlungu: Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide nangokugqithisileyo kweNonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) , ezifana neBrufen kunye neDiclofenac, kuyingozi kwizintso. Musa ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa ezi ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Ukutyeba kakhulu kunokukhokelela kwisifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini: Ukuba unesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kubalulekile ukuba uzilawule kakuhle ukuze ukhusele izintso zakho.
Ndifanele ndibonane nogqirha nini?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba nengxaki yezintso, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Lumka ngakumbi ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu okanye izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko:
Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nezi:
- Utshintsho kumbala womchamo (onegazi okanye onamafu) okanye utshintsho kwimikhwa yokuchama (ukuchama rhoqo, iintlungu xa uchama).
- Ulusu olomileyo okanye olurhawuzelelayo.
- Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).
- Ukushukuma kwemisipha.
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya okanye incasa yesinyithi ekutyeni.
- Intlungu yesisu okanye ukuhlanza.
- Ukudumba, ingakumbi emaqatheni okanye ezandleni.
Ukuba unezi zinto zibalulekileyo:
- Ukuba nesifo sezintso kusapho.
- Isifo seswekile.
- Isifo sentliziyo.
- Igazi elonyukayo.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu.
Ukuba unale mingcipheko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlole ukusebenza kwezintso zakho ngamaxesha athile achazwe ngugqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Inxalenye engaphandle efana nexolo lezintso, i-renal cortex, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokucoca igazi emzimbeni wethu.
- Ukongeza ekuhluzeni inkunkuma, izintso sisitho esibalulekileyo esilawula izinto ezininzi, ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, kunye nevithamini D.
- Izifo ezininzi zezintso azibonakalisi zimpawu kwasekuqaleni, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba abantu abaneempawu ezinobungozi bahlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha.
- Indlela yokuphila esempilweni (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya) inefuthe elikhulu ekukhuseleni izifo zezintso.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene nesifo sezintso, musa ukucinga nto kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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