Xa ugqirha wakho ekhe wathetha ngoxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, okanye wachaza amayeza owasebenzisayo oxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukhe weva amagama afana ne-ACE inhibitors kunye ne-ARBs. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenkqubo engasemva kwayo yonke le nto, leyo ilawula uxinzelelo lwethu lwegazi rhoqo, njengeqela elilawulayo elingaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yiRenin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, okanye iRAAS ngamafutshane. Nangona igama lisenokuvakala linzima kancinci, umsebenzi walo ulula kakhulu kwaye ubaluleke kakhulu.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-RAAS?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba umzimba wakho unenkqubo yokuzikhusela ehlala ijonga uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kwaye iphendule ngokukhawuleza xa luphantsi kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto i-RAAS iyiyo. Yingqokelela yeehomoni, ii-enzymes, kunye neeproteni. Injongo ephambili yale nkqubo kukugcina uxinzelelo lwethu lwegazi kunye nomthamo wegazi ulawulwa ixesha elide.
Le nkqubo inceda ekonyuseni uxinzelelo lwethu ngeendlela ezintathu eziphambili:
- Ukwandisa ukufunxwa kwakhona kwe-sodium (ityuwa) zizintso: Xa amanqanaba etyuwa emzimbeni enyuka, namanzi ahlala emzimbeni.
- Ukwanda kokufunxwa kwamanzi (ukugcinwa kwamanzi): Oku kwandisa umthamo wegazi emzimbeni.
- Ithoni yemithambo yegazi: Ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi yethu. Njengokuba ukucinezela umbhobho wamanzi kwenza amanzi ahambe ngokukhawuleza, xa imithambo yegazi iqina, uxinzelelo luyanda.
Kukho abadlali abathathu ababalulekileyo kweli qela libalaseleyo. Masibazi kakuhle.
| Isithako esiphambili | Umsebenzi owenziwayo |
|---|---|
| uRenin | Le yi-enzyme eveliswa zizintso zethu. Ifana nomlindi. Luphawu lokuqala oluvula le nkqubo xa ibona ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla. |
| I-Angiotensin II | Le yinkokheli yeli qela. Yihomoni enamandla kakhulu. Yenza izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, njengokuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi nokuxelela umzimba ukuba ugcine ityuwa namanzi. |
| I-Aldosterone | Le hormone ivela kwi-adrenal glands, ezikwindawo engaphezulu kwezintso zethu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuxelela izintso ukuba zigcine i-sodium (ityuwa) emzimbeni kwaye zikhuphe i-potassium kumchamo. |
Isebenza njani le nkqubo yeRAAS?
Oku kufana nokusabela kwechungechunge. Xa into ethile isenzeka, ibangela enye into. Masiqonde la manyathelo njengebali elilula.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba ngesizathu esithile (umzekelo, ulahlekelwe ngamanzi amaninzi emzimbeni wakho - ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, okanye ulahlekelwe ligazi elithile kwingozi encinci) uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luyehla.
1. Uphawu lokuqala: Izintso zakho zifana neenzwa. Xa zibona oku kwehla koxinzelelo, ziyavuya zize zikhuphe i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-renin egazini.
2. Inguqulelo yokuqala: Njengoko le renin ihamba egazini, idibana neproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-angiotensinogen, eyenziwa esibindini sethu ize ikhutshwe egazini. I-Renin iyayiqhekeza le proteni ize iyisebenzisele ukwenza ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-angiotensin I. Kodwa le angiotensin I ayisebenzi, oko kuthetha ukuba ayinakwenza msebenzi ungako.
3. Ukuzalwa kweNkokeli: Ngoku, njengoko le angiotensin I ingasebenziyo ihamba ngegazi, ingakumbi ngemiphunga yethu, kukho i-enzyme ekhethekileyo apho. Yi -Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) . Oko kwenziwa yile enzyme ye-ACE kukuthatha loo angiotensin I ingasebenziyo ize iyiguqule ibe yi -angiotensin II enamandla kakhulu, esebenzayo. Ngoku kuzalwa inkokeli yokwenyani.
4. Imiyalelo yeNkokheli: Ngoku le angiotensin II inamandla yenza umsebenzi omninzi ngaxeshanye:
- Iya ngqo eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi emincinci emizimbeni yethu ize iyibhide , njengokucinezela umbhobho wamanzi. Oku kunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngoko nangoko.
- Iya ngqo kwi-adrenal glands, efumaneka ngaphezulu kwezintso, ize izixelele ukuba zivelise i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-aldosterone .
- Ikwanika imiqondiso kwi-pituitary gland engqondweni ukuba ivelise i-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH).
5. Isiphumo: Ngoku ekubeni i-aldosterone kunye ne-ADH zisebenzisana ukuxelela izintso ukuba, " Musa ukukhupha i-sodium (ityuwa) kunye namanzi emzimbeni, yigcine emzimbeni ." Kwangaxeshanye, i-aldosterone ikhupha i-potassium engayidingiyo emzimbeni kumchamo.
- Xa ityuwa igcinwa emzimbeni, namanzi ayagcinwa.
- Xa inani lamanzi emzimbeni lisanda, inani elipheleleyo legazi elingaphakathi kwimithambo yethu yegazi (umthamo wegazi) liyanda.
- Xa umthamo wegazi unyuka kwaye imithambo yegazi incipha, uxinzelelo lwegazi lunyuka ngokuzenzekelayo lubuyele kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo.
Ngamafutshane, inkqubo ye-RAAS yindlela ezenzekelayo ethi, xa uxinzelelo lwegazi lusehla, yonyuse uxinzelelo ngokugcina ityuwa namanzi emzimbeni, inciphise imithambo yegazi, njalo njalo.
Luluphi ulwalamano phakathi kwale nkqubo yeRAAS kunye nokusilela kwentliziyo?
Eli linqaku elibaluleke kakhulu. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, inkqubo ye-RAAS inceda ekusindiseni ubomi bethu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nokusilela kwentliziyo, le nkqubo ilungileyo iqala ukusebenza nxamnye nathi.
Khawucinge ukuba intliziyo yomntu ibuthathaka kwaye ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukusilela kwentliziyo.
- Xa amandla okumpompa kwentliziyo ehla, inani legazi elifikelela kwizitho ezibalulekileyo njengezintso liyancipha.
- Xa ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwizintso kuncipha, zicinga, "Owu, uxinzelelo luphantsi, ingxaki enkulu!" Ngoko ke izintso zikhawuleza zivuselele inkqubo ye-RAAS xa igcwele.
- Emva koko umzimba uvelisa i-angiotensin II kunye ne -aldosterone eninzi kakhulu. Ezi zinto zonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye zibangela ukuba umzimba ugcine ityuwa namanzi.
- Kodwa ingxaki apha kukuba olu xinzelelo lunyukileyo kunye nomthamo wegazi onyukileyo kuba ngumthwalo omkhulu ngakumbi kwintliziyo ebuthathaka neyaphelelwa ngamandla. Kufana nokubeka omnye umthwalo kumntu ongakwaziyo ukuphakamisa umthwalo onzima.
- Xa intliziyo ifakwa phantsi kolu xinzelelo longezelelweyo ngokuhamba kwexesha, intliziyo iba buthathaka, izihlunu zentliziyo ziqine, kwaye intliziyo iyanda. Oku kwenza ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo kube mandundu.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, uninzi lwamayeza anikwa ngoogqirha kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ajoliswe ngqo ekulawuleni ukusebenza kwale nkqubo yeRAAS.
Amayeza achaphazela inkqubo yeRAAS
Amayeza amaninzi aphambili oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo sentliziyo athintela amanyathelo ahlukeneyo kule nkqubo yeRAAS.
| Uhlobo lweyeza | Ingaba isebenza kanjani |
|---|---|
| Izithinteli ze-ACE | Uyakhumbula i-enzyme ye-ACE eguqula i-angiotensin I ibe yi-angiotensin II enamandla? Oko kwenziwa ngala mayeza kukuthintela loo enzyme. Emva koko imveliso yaloo "nkokeli" iyancipha. |
| Ii-Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ii-ARB) | La mayeza awayithinteli imveliso ye-angiotensin II. Kodwa avala "amasango" (ii-receptors) ezivumela loo angiotensin II ukuba iye kwiindawo ezifana nemithambo yegazi ize isebenze. Kufana nenkokeli enika imiyalelo, kodwa akukho mntu umamelayo. |
| Iintsholongwane zeMineralocorticoid Receptor (MRA) | Ezi zinto zithintela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwehomoni i-aldosterone, enciphisa ukugcinwa kwetyuwa namanzi emzimbeni. |
| Ii-Beta-blockers | Nangona ezi zinto zingayichaphazeli ngqo inkqubo ye-RAAS, zinceda ekunciphiseni ukuveliswa kwe-renin zizintso, oko kuthetha ukuba zilawula yonke inkqubo ukususela ekuqaleni. |
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-RAAS kunye ne-Baroreceptor Reflex?
Enye inkqubo elawula uxinzelelo lwegazi yiBaroreceptor reflex . Masiqonde umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini.
- I-Baroreceptor Reflex: Le yinkqubo esebenza ngoko nangoko, kwimizuzwana embalwa . Khawuthelekelele ukuba uhleli uze ngequbuliso ume. Emva koko uxinzelelo luyehla kancinci. Ngelo xesha, ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya entlokweni kuyehla kwaye ungaziva unesiyezi. Kodwa oko akwenzeki, akunjalo? Isizathu sale nto yi-Baroreceptor reflex. Yonyusa isantya sentliziyo imizuzwana embalwa, inciphise imithambo yegazi kancinci, kwaye ilungelelanise uxinzelelo. Ifana nezinto ezithatha uloyiko emotweni, ezilawula utshintsho olukhawulezileyo.
- Inkqubo ye-RAAS: Le yinkqubo yexesha elide , ecothayo kancinci. Ithatha iiyure, kwaneentsuku, ukusebenza. Ilawula uxinzelelo lwegazi ixesha elide ngokutshintsha ubungakanani bolwelo kunye netyuwa emzimbeni. Kufana nenkqubo yolawulo lwenjini emotweni, ijonga ukusebenza kwexesha elide.
Zombini ezi nkqubo zisebenza kunye ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi lwethu lukwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-RAAS (iNkqubo yeRenin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone) yinkqubo ezenzekelayo elawula uxinzelelo lwegazi lomzimba wethu kunye nokulinganisela kolwelo ixesha elide.
- Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi lusehla, le nkqubo iyasebenza, igcina ityuwa namanzi emzimbeni, inciphisa imithambo yegazi, kwaye ibuyisela uxinzelelo kwimeko yesiqhelo.
- Kwiimeko ezinje ngokusilela kwentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, le nkqubo inokuba negalelo elikhulu, yonakalise intliziyo nomzimba.
- Amayeza amaninzi asetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo sentliziyo (ezifana ne-ACE inhibitors kunye ne-ARBs) ajoliswe ngqo ekulawuleni umsebenzi wale nkqubo ye-RAAS.
- Ukuba une-high blood pressure okanye isifo sentliziyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela amayeza akho njengoko ugqirha wakho emyalele. Ungaze uyeke ukuwasela amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho kuqala.
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