Ngaba wena okanye umntu osapho lwakho, mhlawumbi umama okanye utata wakho onesifo seswekile, wakha waxelelwa yingcali yamehlo ukuba, "Kukho ingxaki encinci kwi-retina, masibone ingcali yoku"? Okanye ngaba wakha wabona umbono ofiphele kancinci njengoko ukhula, kwaye awukwazi ukubona embindini wombono wakho? Xa oko kusenzeka, sinokucinga, "Kutheni kufuneka ugqirha owahlukileyo koku? Ingaba ingcali yamehlo ayanelanga?" Ngulo mbuzo esiza kuthetha ngawo namhlanje. Ngubani kanye kanye 'iNgcali yeRetina'? Makhe sithethe ngawo ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula.
Ngubani le ngcali yeRetina? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.
Cinga ngamehlo ethu njengekhamera elungileyo. Ifilimu engasemva kwale khamera irekhoda imifanekiso yezinto esizibonayo. I-membrane ebaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi kweliso esebenza njengefilimu, eneeseli ezininzi ezibona ukukhanya, ibizwa ngokuba yi-retina . Ukukhanya okuvela kwizinto esizibonayo kubetha le retina, kuguquke kube ziimpawu zombane, kuze kuhambe kuye ebuchotsheni nge-optic nerve, apho sibona khona.
Ngoko ke, sibiza iNgcali yeRetina njengogqirha ofumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwizifo notyando oluchaphazela i-retina kunye nento efana nejeli phakathi kwelensi yeliso kunye ne-retina, oko kukuthi, umzimba we-vitreous .
Ngamafutshane, ingcali nganye ye-Retina yingcali yamehlo. Kodwa ayinguye wonke ugqirha wamehlo oyingcali ye-Retina. Kunjalo, wonke ugqirha wentliziyo ngugqirha oqhelekileyo. Kodwa uhlolisise intliziyo nzulu ngakumbi waza wafumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo. Yiyo loo nto kunjalo. Ezi ngcali zilapho kwizifo ezinzima ezinxulumene ne-retina ezinganyangwa yingcali yamehlo.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufunda ukuze ube yingcali enjalo?
Oku kukuzibophelela okukhulu kakhulu kwaye luhambo olude. Khawucinge nje ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufunda ukuze ube yingcali enjalo.
1. Okokuqala, kufuneka ugqibezele isidanga esiqhelekileyo.
2. Emva koko, kufuneka ufunde iminyaka emine kwisikolo sezonyango (MBBS).
3. Okulandelayo, kufuneka ugqibezele uqeqesho lomsebenzi lonyaka omnye.
4. Emva koko, uza kufumana iminyaka emithathu yokufunda kwi-ophthalmology. Kungeli xesha apho uza kuba yi-ophthalmologist jikelele.
5. Okokugqibela, kufuneka ube neminyaka emibini yokufunda ngezifo ezinxulumene ne-retina kunye nomzimba we-vitreous.
Oko kuthetha ukuba, malunga neminyaka eli-10 emva kwesidanga esiqhelekileyo.Ukongeza, ingcali ye-retina izalwa ngemfundo noqeqesho. Aba bantu bayaqhubeka nokufunda ngetekhnoloji entsha kunye neendlela ezintsha zonyango kubomi babo bobuchwephesha. Kuba i-ophthalmology yintsimi ephuhliswa imihla ngemihla.
Zeziphi izifo ezinyangwa yiNgcali yeRetina?
Ezi ngcali zinyanga ikakhulu ukwenzakala nezifo zeendawo ezibuthathaka kakhulu zeliso. Uninzi lwezi zifo, ukuba azifunyaniswanga kwaye zinyangwa kwangethuba, zinokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokubona okungapheliyo. Yiyo loo nto indima yaba gqirha ibaluleke kangaka.
Makhe sibone kwitheyibhile engezantsi ukuba zeziphi izifo eziphambili abazinyangayo.
| Imeko | Kalula nje, kwenzeka ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| Ukuwohloka kwe-macular okunxulumene nobudala | Njengoko sikhula, inxalenye esembindini ye-retina (i-macula) iba buthathaka. Umbindi wezinto ezibonwa ngokuthe ngqo uba lufiphalo kwaye ubonakala njengebala elimnyama. |
| Ukonakala kwamehlo ngenxa yesifo seswekile (i-Diabetes-related retinopathy) | Isifo seswekile siyayonakalisa imithambo yegazi ethambileyo kwi-retina, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ivuza igazi okanye ulwelo. Le yeyona nto ibangela ukulahleka kokubona. |
| Ukuqhekeka kwe-retinal | Ukuqhekeka kwe-retina kukwahlukana kwe-retina kwizicubu ezingaphantsi. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo. Ukuba ngequbuliso ubona ibala elimnyama, i-spider web, okanye ukukhanya okukhanyayo phambi kweliso lakho, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko. |
| Umngxuma we-macular | Umngxuma omncinci kwindawo ephakathi ye-retina (macula) obangela ukuba umbindi wezinto ungabonakali xa ujongwa ngqo. |
| I-macular pucker | Umaleko omncinci wezicubu uvela embindini we-retina, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ibe nemibimbi. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umbono ujijeke (njengemigca ethe tye). |
| Ukuvaleka kwemithambo ye-retinal | Umthambo othwala igazi ukusuka kwi-retina uyavaleka. Oku kunokubangela ukulahleka kombono ngequbuliso. |
| Ukulimala kakhulu kwamehlo | Ukunyanga umonakalo kwiindawo zeliso, ingakumbi i-retina, obangelwe yingozi. |
| Usulelo olukhulu lwamehlo kunye nokudumba (i-uveitis kunye ne-endophthalmitis) | Usulelo olunzima kunye nokudumba ngaphakathi kweliso. Oku kufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu, ungazityesheli kwaye ubone ugqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ucinga ukuba kuyimfuneko, baya kukuthumela kwiNgcali yeRetina.
Yintoni omele uyilindele xa undwendwela ingcali ye-retina?
Ukuba uthunyelwe kwiNgcali yeRetina ngugqirha wamehlo jikelele, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzazi malunga nolo tyelelo.
1. Ixesha liyaphela.
Ngokwesiqhelo, xa usiya kubona ingcali efana nale, ingakumbi okokuqala, kungathatha malunga neeyure ezimbini okanye ezintathu . Kuba amehlo akho kufuneka ahlolwe ngononophelo. Kuthatha ixesha ukwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo. Ngoko ke, musa ukubeka ezinye izinto ngaloo mini, kwaye hamba ukhululekile.
2. Musa ukuqhuba wedwa.
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha ahlole amehlo akho, uza kusebenzisa amaconsi akhethekileyo amehlo ukwenza umbungu weliso lakho ube mkhulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukwandisa amehlo . Xa umbungu umkhulu, ugqirha unokubona ngokucacileyo i-retina, i-macula, kunye ne-optic nerve engaphakathi kweliso lakho.
Umbono wakho usenokuba luzizi kangangeeyure ezimbalwa emva kokusebenzisa eli yeza. Usenokuba nobunzima bokugxila amehlo akho kwizibane ezikhanyayo. Ke ngoko,Ungaze uqhube okanye ubuye wedwa. Soloko uhamba nelungu losapho okanye umhlobo.
3. Lungisa iinkcukacha zakho zonyango
Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngembali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango.
- Ezinye izifo onazo (ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu)
- Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo?
- Ii-aleji onazo
- Ingaba kukho nabani na kusapho onesifo samehlo
Khumbula konke oku ngokucacileyo kwaye ukukhumbule. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukuthatha amayeza akho kunye nemiyalelo kagqirha.
Zithini iimvavanyo zokuxilonga?
Ukuze axilonge ngokuchanekileyo imeko yakho, ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo. Ezinye zezi zisenokuba awuzazi. Kodwa akukho mfuneko yokoyika naziphi na kwezi zinto.
| Uvavanyo | Wenza ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwesibane esiqhekekileyo | Ukukhulisa izakhiwo ezingaphakathi kweliso ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo, esinjengemakroskopu. |
| Uvavanyo lwe-ophthalmoscopy olungathanga ngqo | Ugqirha unxiba isixhobo esifana nokukhanya entlokweni yakhe aze asebenzise ilensi ukujonga umva weliso. Oku kumenza akwazi ukubona phantse yonke i-retina. |
| I-Optical coherence tomography (OCT) | Oku kufana nokuskena ngaphakathi kweliso. Kuthatha imifanekiso enqamlezileyo yeengqimba ze-retina kwaye kukhangelwe ukudumba, ukwakheka kolwelo, njl. Akunantlungu. |
| I-angiography ye-Fluorescein | Idayi ekhethekileyo ifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni, kwaye kuthathwa uthotho lwemifanekiso yemithambo yegazi engaphakathi kweliso. Oku kunceda ukubona ukuba igazi okanye ulwelo luyavuza na kwimithambo yegazi kwizifo ezifana nesifo seswekile. |
Imibuzo ebalulekileyo yokubuza ugqirha wakho
Xa sisiya kugqirha, ngamanye amaxesha siyalibala yonke imibuzo esinayo. Ngoko ke, licebo elihle ukubhala phantsi yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ephepheni ngaphambi kokuba uhambe. Ungacela umntu ohamba naye ukuba abhale phantsi oko kuthethwa ngugqirha. Emva koko ungakhangela kamva.
Nantsi eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza:
Malunga nemeko yakho yempilo:
- Iyintoni kanye kanye imeko yam yempilo?
- Yintoni unobangela wale meko?
- Oku kuyichaphazela njani imbono yam?
- Ngaba kukho izinto ekufuneka ndizitshintshe kubomi bam bemihla ngemihla? (umz. ukutya, umthambo)
- Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndizixhalabele kakhulu? Ndingenza ntoni xa kusenzeka into efana naleyo?
- Ngaba esi sisifo esizuzwe njengelifa?
Malunga novavanyo:
- Yintoni kanye kanye elindelekileyo kolu vavanyo?
- Ndingazazi nini iziphumo (iingxelo) zale nto?
- Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iingozi ezinxulumene nolu vavanyo?
Malunga nonyango:
- Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
- Loluphi unyango olucetyiswa ngugqirha? Ngoba?
- Yintoni endifanele ndiyazi ngolu nyango (amayeza, inaliti, utyando)?
- Zithini iingozi kunye neenzuzo zolu nyango?
- Kuza kufuneka ndidibane nogqirha kangaphi?
Musa ukoyika ukubuza ugqirha wakho nayiphi na imibuzo onayo. Okukhona uyiqonda kakuhle imeko yakho, kokukhona kuya kuba lula kuwe ukuxhasa unyango lwakho.
Okokugqibela, amehlo akho axabiseke kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho okanye ukungaqheleki ekuboneni kwakho, musa ukuwatyeshela. Ingcali yeRetina yingcali enoqeqesho nolwazi oluphezulu lokukunceda ukhusele umbono wakho. Ke ngoko, ukuba uthunyelwe kugqirha onjalo , ukulandela imiyalelo yakhe kuya kuba luncedo olukhulu ekukhuseleni umbono wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingcali yeRetina ngugqirha ofumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwi-retina, ngaphezu kokuba yingcali yamehlo jikelele.
- Aba gqirha bangoochwephesha banyanga izifo ezinzulu ezifana nomonakalo wamehlo obangelwa sisifo seswekile, ukuxinana kwe-retina, kunye nokulahlekelwa yimbono enxulumene nobudala.
- Ukuba uthunyelwe kwiNgcali yeRetina, khumbula ukuba idinga liza kuthatha ixesha elide (iiyure ezi-2-3) kwaye kuya kufuneka uphephe ukuqhuba kwaye uhambe nomnye umntu njengoko amayeza asetyenziswa emehlweni eza kusetyenziswa.
- IyabonakalaUkuba kwenzeka utshintsho ngequbuliso (ukudada, ukukhanya kwelanga, ukulahleka kombono ngequbuliso), yiya kugqirha wamehlo okanye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa .
- Buza ugqirha wakho imibuzo ecacileyo malunga nemeko yakho, iimvavanyo, kunye nonyango. Oku kubalulekile ukuze unyango luphumelele.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho