Ngaba iinyawo zakho namaqatha akho ayadumba rhoqo? Ngaba uziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo nasemva kokuhamba okanye ukunyuka izinyuko? Usenokucinga ukuba yingxaki yezintso okanye yimeko eqhelekileyo apho umzimba wakho uzele ngamanzi. Kodwa ubusazi ukuba ezi zinto zinokubangelwa yingxaki yentliziyo yakho? Namhlanje sithetha ngenye yeemeko ezinjalo, ebizwa ngokuba yi -'Right-Side Heart Failure' . Oku kunokuvakala njengegama elibalulekileyo, kodwa ungakhathazeki. Masithethe ngayo ngokulula.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Right-Side Heart Failure?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba intliziyo yethu ifana nendlu encinci enamagumbi amane. Kukho amacala amabini kule ndlu, icala lasekhohlo necala lasekunene. Kukho amagumbi amabini kwicala ngalinye.
Ngoku, umsebenzi ophambili wecala lasekunene lentliziyo kukuqokelela igazi "elingcolileyo" eliye lasetyenziswa laza laphelelwa yioksijini emzimbeni wonke, size silipompe libuyele emiphungeni ukuze liphinde lifakwe ioksijini.
Kodwa kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Right-Sided Heart Failure', amandla okupompa ecala lasekunene lentliziyo ayaphela. Kufana nepompo yamanzi engasebenzi kakuhle kwaye ingapompeli amanzi. Kwenzeka ntoni ngenxa yoko?
- Igazi ekufuneka lithunyelwe emiphungeni alinakupompa ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ngenxa yesi sizathu, igazi liqokelelana kwimithambo ethwala igazi lisuka emzimbeni liye entliziyweni, nto leyo edala ukuxinana kwezithuthi.
- Oku kuxinana kwandisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
- Ngenxa yoxinzelelo olongezelelweyo, ulwelo olungaphakathi kwimithambo luqala ukuvuza kancinci kancinci kwizicwili ezingqongileyo.
- Olu lwelo luyavuza luze luqokelele kwiindawo ezifana nemilenze yakho, amaqatha, nesisu, nto leyo ebangela ukudumba (ukudumba).
Kalula nje, yiloo nto kanye eyenzekayo. Xa ipompo esekunene iba buthathaka, inkqubo yegazi iyaxinana kwaye umzimba uzaliswa ngamanzi.
Ngoko ke yintoni ukusilela kwentliziyo kwicala lasekhohlo?
Intliziyo inecala lasekunene nelasekhohlo. Umsebenzi wecala lasekhohlo kukupompa igazi "elicocekileyo" elineoksijini elivela emiphungeni ukuya emzimbeni wonke. Ngenxa yokuba kufuneka lipompe igazi kuwo wonke umzimba, icala lasekhohlo linamandla kakhulu kwaye likhulu kunecala lasekunene.
'Ukusilela kwentliziyo kwicala lasekhohlo' yimeko apho ukusebenza kwentliziyo kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo kuphazamiseka. Okumangalisayo kukuba, kwiimeko ezininzi, unobangela oyintloko wokusilela kwentliziyo kwicala lasekunene kukusilela kwentliziyo kwicala lasekhohlo. Siza kujonga loo nto kancinci ngezantsi.
Yintoni ebangela ubuthathaka kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, unobangela oyintloko noqhelekileyo yiLeft-Side Heart Failure. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho nezinye izizathu. Masizihlalutye ezi zizathu.
| Izizathu eziphambili | Inkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukusilela kwentliziyo kwicala lasekhohlo | Esi sesona sizathu siphambili sokuba icala lasekunene lomzimba libe buthathaka kubantu abaninzi . Xa icala lasekhohlo liba buthathaka, ukuxinana kwegazi kuchaphazela icala lasekunene kancinci, nto leyo ebangela ukuba elo cala libe buthathaka. |
| Izifo zemiphunga | - Isifo semiphunga esihlala ixesha elide (umz. i-COPD - Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo ) - Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emiphungeni (i-Pulmonary Hypertension) - I-Pulmonary embolism (ukuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni) |
| Ezinye izifo zentliziyo ezibuthathaka kwicala lasekhohlo | - Isifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo - Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulekiyo - Uhlaselo lwentliziyo lwangaphambili |
Ingongoma ephambili: Olu hambo ludla ngokuqala ngeemeko ezilawulekayo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye ne-cholesterol. Xa zingalawulwa, ezi zinto zinokwenza buthathaka kancinci kancinci kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo, ekugqibeleni zichaphazele necala lasekunene.
Ingxaki ekhohlo iyichaphazela njani indlela ekunene?
Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Kulungile, ukuba ipompo yecala lasekhohlo ibuthathaka, icala lasekunene linokuba nengxaki njani?" Isebenza ngolu hlobo, cinga ngayo njengengxinano yezithuthi endleleni.
1. Xa icala lasekhohlo lentliziyo libuthathaka, ubungakanani begazi elinokulimpompa emzimbeni buyancipha.
2. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, igazi ebelifanele ukuba lihamba ngasekhohlo liqala ukubambeka lize liqokeleleke emiphungeni.
3. Xa igazi liqokelelana ngaphakathi emiphungeni, uxinzelelo lwegazi emiphungeni luyanda.
4. Ngoku umsebenzi wecala lasekunene kukupompa igazi liye emiphungeni, apho olu xinzelelo lunyuka khona.
5. Njengoko icala lasekunene lentliziyo liqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuchasene noxinzelelo oluphezulu, livakala ngathi linyuka intaba. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, icala lasekunene liya lisiba buthathaka kancinci kancinci, lingakwazi ukuthwala obu bunzima, kwaye ekugqibeleni lilahlekelwa ngamandla alo okupompa.
Yiyo loo nto ingxaki kwicala lasekhohlo ichaphazela icala lasekunene.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Uphawu oluphambili lwale meko kukudumba (i-edema) okubangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo emzimbeni, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, kusenokubakho nezinye iimpawu.
| Udidi lweempawu | Iimpawu ezibonakalayo |
|---|---|
| Uphawu oluphambili: Ukudumba (i-Edema) | |
| Iindawo ezidumbileyo | - Imilenze, iinyawo kunye namaqatha. - Xa umi, ulwelo luyaqokelelana ezantsi ngenxa yomxhuzulane. - Ukuba ulele ebhedini, umqolo wakho ongezantsi unokudumba. - Njengoko imeko isiya isiba mandundu, ulwelo lunokuqokelelwa esiswini luze luzalise isisu ( i-ascites ). |
| Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo | |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | - Ubunzima bokuphefumla nokuba ungazibhokoxa kancinci. - Ubunzima bokuphefumla xa ulele phantsi ebusuku. |
| Iimpawu ezinxulumene nentliziyo | - Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki. - Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza (Heart Palpitations). |
| Iimpawu zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya | - Ukuqokelelwa kolwelo olujikeleze isibindi nesisu kunokubangela isicaphucaphu, ukudumba, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya. |
| Iimpawu eziphambili | Njengoko imeko isiya isiba mandundu, ubunzima bomzimba kunye nobunzima bemisipha bunokwehla ngokukhawuleza. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiCardiac Cachexia . |
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Xa usiya kugqirha oneempawu ezinjalo, uza kulandela amanyathelo aliqela ukuze afumanise imeko.
1. Ukubuza iinkcukacha: Into yokuqala esiyenzayo kukuthetha nawe ngokupheleleyo. Sikubuza ngeempawu zakho, ukuba sele unexesha elingakanani unazo, nokuba unezinye izifo, ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye isifo seswekile.
2. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Okulandelayo, uza kuhlolwa.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi kuyalinganiswa.
- Isifuba kunye nemiphunga ziphulaphulwa nge-stethoscope.
- Jonga ngononophelo ukuba akukho ukudumba kwiindawo ezifana nemilenze nesisu.
Uvavanyo lwezonyango olufunekayo
Emva kokuphonononga iimpawu zakho kunye novavanyo lomzimba, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa imeko kunye nokufumanisa unobangela.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba intliziyo inkulu na kunye nokwakheka kolwelo emiphungeni.
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Ngokurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo, kunokwenzeka ukubona iingxaki kwintliziyo kunye neempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Oku kufana nokuskena kwentliziyo. Kunokujonga ukuba zinkulu kangakanani na iigumbi zentliziyo, ukuba iivalvu zentliziyo zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani na, kunye nokuba intliziyo ikhupha kangakanani na (i-ejection fraction). Olu luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ngokukodwa amanqanaba ekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-``Natriuretic Peptides (NPs).`` Le khemikhali iyanda egazini xa intliziyo iziva umthwalo womsebenzi uphezulu.
Kwezinye iimeko, iimvavanyo ezifana ne-MRI, i-CT scan, kunye ne-cardiac catheterization zinokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ngakumbi ukuxilongwa okanye ukuthintela ezinye izizathu.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhumbula ukuba nangona le meko ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, inokulawulwa kakuhle kwaye ungaphila ubomi obuxakekileyo ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo .
Kukho iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili kunyango: enye kukulawula iimpawu, enye kukuthintela ukuba isifo singabi sibi.
1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Le sisiseko sonyango. Akwanelanga ukuthatha amayeza nje kuphela, kufuneka nawe wenze ezi zinto.
- Nciphisa ukungenisa ityuwa: Ekubeni ityuwa inyusa ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni, kunciphisa kakhulu ubungakanani betyuwa eyongezwa ekutyeni.
- Ukunciphisa ukungenisa ulwelo:Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika umlinganiselo wamanzi omele uwasele ngosuku. Musa ukusela ngaphezu kwaloo mlinganiselo.
- Ukuyeka ukutshaya notywala ngokupheleleyo: Zombini ziyingozi kakhulu entliziyweni.
- Ukutya okunempilo: Yitya ioyile neswekile encinci, yitya imifuno, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno eyomileyo.
- Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Ukutyeba kakhulu kuyayicinezela intliziyo.
- Ukuzilolonga: Buza ugqirha wakho kwaye wenze imithambo elula efanelekileyo kuwe. Nokuba uhamba kakuhle.
- Ukulawula uxinzelelo: Gcina impilo-ntle yengqondo ngezinto ezifana neyoga nokucamngca.
2. Amayeza
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza.
- I-Diuretics: Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba "ziipilisi zamanzi." Zinceda ekususeni ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni ngomchamo.
- Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi: Amayeza afana ne-ACE inhibitors, ii-ARB, kunye nee-ARNI anciphisa uxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi kwaye anciphise umthwalo womsebenzi entliziyweni.
- Amayeza okunciphisa izinga lentliziyo: Amayeza afana ne-'Beta-blockers' anceda ukulawula izinga lentliziyo aze anike intliziyo ukuphumla.
- Amanye amayeza: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza afana namayeza okunciphisa igazi kunye namayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol anokunikwa.
3. Ezinye iindlela zonyango
Ukuba imeko iba mandundu, ugqirha unokucebisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo okanye utyando.
- Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo: Ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo akuhambelani kakuhle, ii-pacemaker ezifana ne-`Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD)` okanye i-`Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)` zinokufakwa ukuze zilawuleke.
- Utyando: Ukuba kukho unobangela onokunyangwa ngotyando, njengengxaki yevalvu yentliziyo okanye ukuvaleka kwemithambo yentliziyo, ungathunyelwa kwiindlela zotyando ezifana ne-'Coronary Artery Bypass' okanye i-'Valve Replacement'.
- Ukufakelwa Intliziyo: Njengendlela yokugqibela, ukufakelwa intliziyo kunokuqwalaselwa kwiimeko eziphambili apho kungekho nyango lunokulawula imeko.
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba ufumana iintlungu zesifuba ezingalindelekanga, ukuphefumla okunzima, okanye ukuquleka, oko kungaba luphawu lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Kwimeko enjalo, fowunela i-ambulensi ngokukhawuleza okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Ukongeza, ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha okanye eziya ziba mandundu kwezi zilandelayo, bona ugqirha wakho:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla buyanda.
- Ukudumba kwemilenze okwanda ngokukhawuleza kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ukuziva ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.
- Ukuziva udiniwe okanye ubuthathaka ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukusilela kwentliziyo kwicala lasekunene yimeko apho icala lasekunene lentliziyo lingaphumeleli ukupompa kakuhle, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugcinweni kolwelo kunye nokudumba emzimbeni, ingakumbi imilenze kunye nesisu.
- Eyona nto ibangela le meko bubuthathaka bokuqala becala lasekhohlo lentliziyo. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu nezinye izifo zentliziyo zinokubangela oku.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokudumba kwemilenze, ubunzima bokuphefumla nokuba usebenzisa amandla amancinci, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, funa ingcebiso kagqirha.
- Nangona oku kungenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kunokulawulwa kakuhle kwaye kuphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngamayeza, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo lwezonyango.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kunye namayeza ngokuchanekileyo. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngokwakho.
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