Ingaba umntwana wakho unentloko ende? Masithethe ngeScaphocephaly!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba iintloko zezinye iintsana azingqukuva, kodwa zinde kwaye zimxinwa? Njengesikhephe, okanye umphezulu weqanda. Kuqhelekile ukuba abazali bakhathazeke kwaye boyike xa bebona oku. "Ingaba kukho into engalunganga ngomntwana wam?" Unokucinga. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ngamaxesha anje. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuba kutheni imo yentloko inokutshintsha ngale ndlela. Kwizonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yiScaphocephaly , okanye iSagittal Craniosynostosis .

Yintoni iScaphocephaly? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba yintoni le nto ngokulula. Intloko yomntwana ayenziwanga lithambo elinye. Intloko yenziwe ngamaqhekeza aliqela ethambo. Kufana nesiqwenga sephazili esidityanisiweyo. Kukho izikhewu ezincinci, okanye imithungo, phakathi kwala mathambo. La mithungo ivumela ingqondo yomntwana ukuba ikhule kwaye ikhule njengoko ikhula. Khawucinge nje, la mithungo yiyo eyenza inhloko ibe "nokuguquguquka."

I-Scaphocephaly yimeko apho umthungo oyintloko phezu kwentloko yomntwana, ngakumbi umthungo osuka phambili uye ngasemva (sagittal suture) , uvaleka ngokukhawuleza , nokuba ngaphambi okanye emva kokuzalwa. Umthungo we-sagittal udla ngokuqala ukuvala ngokupheleleyo malunga neminyaka engama-22 ubudala, kwaye awuvaleki ngokupheleleyo de kube phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala. Ngoko khawucinge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa umthungo obekufanele ukuba uvuliwe ixesha elide kangaka uvaleka esemncinci.

Xa le ntambo ivala ngokukhawuleza kangaka, ukhakhayi lulahlekelwa ngamandla alo okukhula kuzo zombini iindlela. Kodwa ingqondo iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Emva koko ukhakhayi kufuneka lukhule ngobude kuphela. Yiyo loo nto intloko iba nomfanekiso omde, obhityileyo. Ifana nomfanekiso wesikhephe, okanye njengeqanda elijikiweyo ecaleni. Isenokuba banzi kancinci ngaphambili, kwaye ibe mxinwa ngasemva, njengencam ejikelezileyo.

Ngamaxesha anje, oogqirha badla ngokucebisa utyando kungekapheli nonyaka wokuqala womntwana ukuze ingqondo yakhe ikhule kakuhle.

Ingaba le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-scaphocephaly iyingozi?

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuba yingozi . Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, xa amathambo ekhanda lomntwana edibana ngokukhawuleza, ikhala alinakukwazi ukukhula macala omabini. Kodwa ingqondo iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? Uxinzelelo engqondweni luqala ukuqokelelana ngaphakathi kwikhanda. Ukuba olu xinzelelo luyaqhubeka, lunokuchaphazela ukukhula kwengqondo yomntwana kunye nophuhliso lonke. Ke ngoko, ukuba oku akunyangelwanga ngexesha, kukho ithuba lokuba kubekho iingxaki ekukhuleni nasekuphuhliseni komntwana.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Yintoni i-scaphocephaly?I-craniosynostosis yimeko ekwiqela elikhulu elibizwa ngokuba yi-craniosynostosis. Ngamafutshane, i-craniosynostosis kukuvalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kwe-suture enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwi-skull. Ngokwezibalo e-United States, kuqikelelwa ukuba i-craniosynostosis ichaphazela malunga nomntwana omnye kwabangama-2,500 abazalwa bephila.

Kwezi ntlobo ze-craniosynostosis, i-scaphocephaly (Sagittal Craniosynostosis) lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo . Malunga nama-53% ukuya kuma-60% abo bonke abantwana abane-craniosynostosis banengxaki yesi simo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayiqhelekanga kangako.

Ziziphi iimpawu zale meko ye-scaphocephaly?

Uphawu oluphambili kukuba intloko yomntwana imile ngendlela engaqhelekanga . Njengoko umntwana ekhula, olu tshintsho kwimo lubonakala ngakumbi. Ungabona umphetho phezulu kwentloko yomntwana apho imithungo ivaliwe khona. Ngokwesiqhelo, intloko yomntwana inendawo ethambileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-fontanelle , kodwa endaweni yoko, kukho umphetho onje.

Intloko yomntwana wakho ayingqukuva njengoko ubuya kulindela. Endaweni yoko, xa uyijonga phezulu, incinci kwaye inde . Ifana nesimo seqanda. Ubuso bomntwana bunokuba ngqukuva, kodwa njengoko amacala entloko ebuyela umva, iba nde kwaye ibe mxinwa.

Khawucinge nje, abanye oomama baqala ukubona lo mahluko xa behlamba umntwana wabo baze bachukumise intloko yakhe. Basenokucinga, "Owu, ingaba umphezulu wentloko yomntwana wam awubonakali uphezulu kancinci kunomzimba wonke? Kuvakala kungaqhelekanga xa uchukunyiswa."

Kutheni i-scaphocephaly isenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

I-Scaphocephaly iyenzeka, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kuba umthungo we-sagittal kwikhaka lomntwana uvala kwangethuba kakhulu. Umntwana uyaqhubeka nokukhula nasemva kokuba umthungo uvaliwe. Yiyo loo nto intloko inesimo esingaqhelekanga.

Akukacaci ngokupheleleyo ukuba kutheni le nto ivala ngokukhawuleza kangaka, kodwa uphando lufumanise ukuba izinto ezingqongileyo kunye nemfuza zinokudlala indima.

Kukho utshintsho oluthile lwemfuza (iinguqu zemfuza / iinguqu) oogqirha abazichonge njengezinxulumene nesifo se-scaphocephaly. Umzekelo:

• `SMAD6`
• `TWIST1`
• `TCF12`
• `ERF`
• `MSX2`

Kodwa ayizizo zonke iimeko ze-scaphocephaly ezizuzwe njengelifa kubazali bomntwana. Ngamanye amaxesha olu tshintsho lwe-genetic lunokwenzeka ngokungacwangciswanga, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Xa sithetha nje, malunga ne-10% kuphela yabantwana abane-scaphocephaly abanesizathu esicacileyo se-genetic.

Kwakhona, ngamanye amaxesha i-scaphocephaly inokubakho njengophawu lwesinye isifo esingaphantsi kwemfuza .

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-scaphocephaly?

Kwezinye iimeko, umntwana unokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba ne-scaphocephaly. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko:

• Umama usenokuba ebesele ethathe amayeza athile ngexesha lokukhulelwa, anjenge-valproic acid (iyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezifana nokuxhuzula).
• Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Utata womntwana uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 ubudala.

Ukongeza, kufunyenwe ukuba amadoda anamathuba amaninzi okufumana isifo se-scaphocephaly kunamabhinqa.

Zithini iziphumo ezinokubakho ixesha elide ukuba azinyangwa?

Ukuba i-scaphocephaly inzima okanye ayinyangwanga kakuhle , uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwentloko yomntwana (uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwentloko) lunokwanda. Oku kungenxa yokuba ingqondo iyaqhubeka nokukhula nangona i-khakhayi ivaliwe. Olu xinzelelo lunyukayo lunokonakalisa ingqondo yomntwana. Lunokubangela neemeko ezifana nezi:

• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula: Izinto ezifana nokuthetha, ukuhamba, kunye nokukhasa zinokulibaziseka.
• Ukuxhuzula: Sikwabiza ngokuba " kukuxhuzula ".
• Iingxaki zokubona.

Ngoko ke, ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga nale meko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto?

Ugqirha udla ngokuxilonga isifo se-scaphocephaly xa ezalwa, okanye ngexesha lokuhlolwa rhoqo kwikliniki yabantwana abasempilweni . Xa exilonga umntwana, ugqirha uya kwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Jonga ngononophelo ukuma kobuso nentloko yomntwana.
• Bayawuva umphezulu wentloko, apho kwakuhlala khona umthungo wesagittal. Bajonga ukuba kukho iqhuma eliphakanyisiweyo na apho, endaweni yokuthamba okuqhelekileyo.
• Intloko yomntwana iyalinganiswa. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ubunzulu bemeko.

Ukongeza kolu vavanyo lomzimba, uvavanyo lwemifanekiso yentloko lunokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Umzekelo:

• Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray (i-X-ray)
• Iskeni ye-MRI
• Iskeni ye-CT

Olu vavanyo lunokubonelela ngomfanekiso ocacileyo wamathambo kunye nemithungo yentloko.

Ndingazi njani ukuba umntwana wam naye une-scaphocephaly?

Abazali abaninzi baqala ukukrokrela oku xa bebona besithi, "Hayi intloko yomntwana wam ayingqukuva." Lolo luphawu lokuqala lwale meko. Ukuba uziva intloko yomntwana wakho kwaye uqaphela ukuba akukho ndawo ithambileyo (fontanelle) ngaphandle kweqhubu eliphakanyisiweyo endaweni yoko, oko kungaba lolunye uphawu.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba unamathandabuzo amancinci okanye uziva into engaqhelekanga malunga nokuma kwentloko yomntwana wakho, thetha nogqirha womntwana wakho ngayo ngoko nangoko.Musa ukoyika, cela ingcebiso kugqirha wakho.

Iphathwa njani i-scaphocephaly?

Unyango oluphambili lwe-scaphocephaly lutyando . Olu tyando lubandakanya ukususa imithungo edibene ngokukhawuleza, okanye kwezinye iimeko, ukutshintsha ukhakhayi lomntwana. Olu tyando ludla ngokuba yimpumelelo enkulu ekubuyiseleni imo yentloko yomntwana nokuvumela ingqondo ukuba ikhule kakuhle. Ugqirha udla ngokucebisa olu tyando xa umntwana ephakathi kweenyanga ezi-3 nezi-6 ubudala .

Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda ugqibe ukuba umntwana wakho uyaludinga na utyando. Esi sigqibo sidla ngokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezifana nezi:

• Iimpawu okanye iingxaki zomntwana.
• Indlela emile ngayo intloko yomntwana kunye nenkxalabo yabazali ngayo.
• Ubunzima bemeko (Kusuka kancinci ukuya kutsho kuqatha). Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuba buthathaka okanye kube nzima.

Iintlobo zotyando lwe-scaphocephaly

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zotyando lwe-scaphocephaly:

1. Utyando lwe-strip craniectomy (okanye utyando lwe-endoscopic): Olu lutyando olungenamsebenzi kangako . Oko kukuthi, lwenziwa ngaphandle kokusika okukhulu, kodwa ngokusika okuncinci okubini, kusetyenziswa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-endoscope enekhamera. Ngale ndlela, ugqirha wotyando ususa umcu wethambo oquka umthungo we-sagittal ovale ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, imicu embalwa yethambo inokususwa emacaleni entloko ukunceda ingqondo ikhule.

2. Utyando oluncediswa yintwasahlobo: Oku kufana notyando lwe-strip craniectomy. Ugqirha ususa umcu wethambo kwikhakayi lomntwana aze afake uthotho lwezipringi zesinyithi ezikhethekileyo kwisithuba. Ezi zipringi ziyandisa kancinci kancinci umcu kwikhakayi njengoko ingqondo ikhula.

3. Ukulungiswa kwe-cranial vault (utyando oluvulekileyo): Le yinkqubo enzima ngakumbi . Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wenza imingxunya ekhayeni lomntwana aze asuse imithungo ekhayeni. Emva koko, amathambo ekhayeni ayakhiwa ngokutsha aze afakwe kwakhona kusetyenziswa iipleyiti ezikhethekileyo, izikrufu, imithungo , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ii-graft zamathambo . Oku kunokulungisa kakhulu imo yentloko.

Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenziweyo, umntwana usenokufuna ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko esikhethekileyo sezonyango kangangeenyanga eziliqela okanye unyaka wonke . Esi sigcina-ntloko sinceda ukukhokela ukhakhayi ukuba lukhule lube yimo efanelekileyo.

Zithini iingozi zotyando lwe-scaphocephaly?

Njengakwezinye iindlela zotyando, olu tyando lunokuba neengozi ezithile. Ezinye zazo ziquka:

• Ukuvaleka komoya (amaqamza omoya angena egazini lomntwana)
• Ukungalingani, iziphene zamathambo okanye ukungalungelelani kwamathambo ekhakhayini
• Ukopha (ukuphuma kwenxeba), ukopha kakhulu (kusenokufuna utofelo-gazi)
• Ukuvuza kolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal
• Usulelo
• Ihlwili legazi `(Embolism)`
• Ukuqokelelwa kwegazi `(Hematoma)`
• Imfuneko yotyando lwesibini
• Ukuxhuzula

Nangona ezi ngxaki zinqabile kakhulu , ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba yingozi ebomini kwaye zikhokelele ekufeni kwangethuba . Iingozi ziphezulu kancinci ngotyando oluvulekileyo kunangotyando lwe-endoscopic.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ugqirha womntwana wakho uza kukuchazela zonke ezi ngozi ngaphambi kotyando. Iqela lotyando lomntwana wakho liqeqeshwe kakhulu kwaye linamava kwezi ntlobo zotyando. Baza kuthatha inyameko enkulu ukuthintela ezi ngxaki nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntwana wakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba intloko yomntwana wakho ayingqukuva, xelela ugqirha womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko . Kwakhona, ukuba umntwana wakho akafikeleli kwimigangatho yokukhula (umzekelo, ukuba ufike emva kwexesha ekuthetheni amazwi okuqala, ekhasa, okanye ephakama), bona ugqirha.

Ukuba ulindele omnye umntwana, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengcebiso ngemfuza . Umcebisi ngemfuza unokuvavanya ii-genes ezithile ezinxulumene nale meko. Oku kunokukunceda uqonde umngcipheko wokuba nomnye umntwana one-scaphocephaly.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-scaphocephaly, ungambuza ugqirha imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba umntwana wam udinga utyando?
• Zithini iingozi zotyando?
• Ndingamnyamekela njani umntwana wam ekhaya emva kotyando?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndiziqaphele ngokukodwa?

Iyintoni imbonakalo ye-scaphocephaly?

I-Scaphocephaly ayiphucuki yodwa . Uninzi lwabantwana abafuna utyando balwenza kunyaka wokuqala wobomi babo. Utyando ludla ngokuba yimpumelelo enkulu ekubuyiseleni ukuma kwentloko yomntwana. Nangona kunjalo, nangona betyandwa, abanye abantwana banokufumana ukulibaziseka kokukhula .

Ngokufumanisa isifo kwangethuba uze uqale unyango kwangethuba, unokufumana iziphumo ezingcono kumntwana wakho.

Njengoko umntwana ekhula, ugqirha kufuneka aqhubeke ejonga intloko yomntwana ukuqinisekisa ukuba ikhula njengoko kulindelekile.

Iinkonzo zokungenelela kwangethuba ziyafumaneka ukunceda umntwana wakho ngokufunda nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ezi nkqubo ziquka unyango lokuthetha , unyango lomzimba, kunyeUngafumana iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zenkxaso ezifana.

Liyinyaniso elokuba ukufumanisa ukuba intloko yomntwana wakho inesimo esingaqhelekanga akuyonto imnandi. Kuqhelekile ukuba neengcamango ezinje, "Ngaba umntwana wam kuya kufuneka enziwe utyando? Liza kuba njani ikamva lakhe?" Nangona utyando lunokwenzeka, iziphumo zihlala zilungile. Lunceda intloko nengqondo yomntwana ikhule kakuhle.

Unyaka wokuqala womntwana wakho usenokungafani nowabanye abantwana. Umzekelo, usenokufuneka aye kugqirha rhoqo, okanye usenokufuna ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko esikhethekileyo. Kodwa musa ukuvumela oko kumthintele ekuhlekeni nasekudlaleni. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nemeko yomntwana wakho, thetha nogqirha wakho. Baza kuba nawe kuyo yonke inyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho usempilweni kwaye uyakhula njengoko kulindelekile.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, nazi ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule kwizinto esithethe ngazo:

• Musa ukoyika ukuba ubona utshintsho kwimo yentloko, kodwa yijonge: Ukuba intloko yomntwana wakho iba yinde, incinci, okanye ukuba kukho iqhuma phezulu entloko, oko kungaba luphawu lwe-scaphocephaly.
• Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza: Ukuba unamathandabuzo, bonana nogqirha womntwana wakho ukuze akuhlole. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Kukho unyango: Unyango oluphambili lwe-scaphocephaly lutyando. Oku kuvula indawo yengqondo kwaye kulungisa ukuma kwentloko.
• Utyando luphumelele, kodwa kufuneka kubekwe iliso ixesha elide: Nangona utyando ludla ngokuphumelela, uphuhliso lomntwana kufuneka lujongwe ngokusondeleyo. Kusenokufuneka unyango olongezelelweyo.
• Awuwedwa: Oogqirha, abahlengikazi, kunye nabanye ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zempilo bakulungele ukunceda wena nomntwana wakho ngexesha elinje.

Khumbula, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunika umntwana wakho uthando, inkathalo, kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo.

I- Scaphocephaly, i-Sagittal Craniosynostosis, uKhakhayi, Impilo yosana, Uphuhliso lobuchopho, Utyando, i-Craniosynostosis