Ngaba wakha wambona umntu ngequbuliso ewa engqondweni aze aqalise ukungcangcazela? Sidla ngokubiza oku ngokuthi 'kukuphazamiseka'. Nabani na okubonayo uyoyika kakhulu. Abazi ukuba benze ntoni. Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene? Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Ngaba oku kuyinto enzulu? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nto ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Kuthetha ukuthini ngokwenene xa kufika ukuxhuzula?
Ngamafutshane, ingqondo yethu ifana nesekethe entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Iqulethe iibhiliyoni zeeseli zemithambo-luvo (ii-neurons) ezidityaniswe ngemiqondiso emincinci yombane. Ezi miqondiso zisebenza ngendlela elawulwayo, yiyo loo nto sinokucinga, sithethe, sihambe, kwaye senze yonke into.
Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokuxhuzula, umsebenzi wombane engqondweni ngequbuliso uyaphela. Njengesekethe emfutshane kwinkqubo yocingo lombane, ezinye iiseli zengqondo ziqala ukudubula ngokungalawulekiyo nangesantya esiphezulu. Olu 'xinzelelo lombane' lubangela iintshukumo ezingalawulekiyo emizimbeni yethu kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayizizo zonke izinto ezifanayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abakungqongileyo basenokungazi nokuba kukho umntu onesifo sokuxhuzula.
Ziziphi iintlobo zeengubo ezikhoyo?
Ukuxhuzula kunokwahlulwahlulwa kube ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ngokusekelwe kwindawo eziqala kuyo engqondweni. Ukuqonda oku kuya kukunceda uyiqonde ngcono le meko.
1. Ukuxhuzula Okuqhelekileyo: Kulapho ukuphazamiseka kombane kuqala khona kumacala omabini obuchopho ngaxeshanye. Ngoko ke, omabini amacala omzimba anokuchaphazeleka.
2. Ukuxhuzula Okujoliswe Kwingqondo: Kolu hlobo lokuxhuzula, ukuphazamiseka kombane kuqala kwindawo ethile yengqondo (ukugxila). Ke ngoko, iimpawu zinokubonakala ekuqaleni kwicala elinye lomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuqala kuze kudlulele engqondweni yonke, kube kukuxhuzula okuqhelekileyo.
Kukho ezinye iindidi ezincinci phantsi kwezi ntlobo ziphambili. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.
| Uhlobo lokulingana | Kalula nje, kwenzeka ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Ukuxhuzula okuqhelekileyo (kuqalela kumacala omabini obuchopho) | |
| Ukuxinana kweTonic-clonic (uhlobo esilubona rhoqo) | Ngequbuliso, izihlunu emzimbeni ziyaqina (tonic), ingqondo iyalahleka, uze umzimba uqalise ukuxhuzula (ukuxhuzula/i-clonic). |
| Ukungabikho kwesifo sokuxhuzula (uninzi lwabantwana abancinci) | Ngequbuliso bayayeka oko babekwenza baze bajonge bengenanto imizuzwana embalwa, ngokungathi balahlekile kwihlabathi lamaphupha. Emva koko baqhubeka nokusebenza ngokungathi akukho nto yenzekileyo. |
| Ukuxhuzula kweAtonic (ukuxhuzula kweDrop) | Ngequbuliso, izihlunu zomzimba wakho ziphelelwa ngamandla, kwaye ukuba uyama, uza kurhuqwa phantsi uze uwe. |
| Ukuxhuzula kweMyoclonic | Ingalo, umlenze, okanye inxalenye yomzimba ngequbuliso iyashukuma, ngokungathi ibethwe ngumbane. |
| Ukuxhuzula okujoliswe kwingcinga (okuqala kwindawo enye yengqondo) | |
| Ukuxinana Okuqaphelekayo Kwi-Focal Onset | Uba sezingqondweni xa kufika isiqaqa. Uziva ukuba kwenzeka ntoni, uyakhumbula. Mhlawumbi ungcangcazela nje isandla, uva ivumba elingaqhelekanga, okanye uzive usoyika ngequbuliso. |
| Ukuxinana kolwazi olujongene nokuphazamiseka kwengcinga | Xa kufika ukujiya, ingqondo iyabhideka. Awuqondi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kufutshane nawe. Ungenza izinto ezingaqhelekanga njengokuhlafuna umlomo okanye ukutsala impahla yakho. Emva kokuba ukujiya kuphelile, awukhumbuli ukuba kwenzeke ntoni ngeli xesha. |
Ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili?
Iimpawu zingahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokufaneleka, kodwa kukho iimpawu ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo.
- Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo: Ngamanye amaxesha unokulahlekelwa zingqondo ngokupheleleyo, ngamanye amaxesha ingqondo yakho inokudideka kancinci.
- Iintshukumo ezingalawulekiyo (Ukuxhuzula):Izinto ezinje ngokungcangcazela komzimba, ukuxhuzula kwamalungu omzimba, ukushukuma kwemisipha.
- Ukujong’ engenanto: Ukujong’ entweni enye imizuzwana embalwa kungekho mpendulo.
- Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwiimvakalelo: ukuziva uloyiko ngequbuliso, wonwabile, okanye ukhathazekile ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukutshixiza amazinyo, i-phlegm iphuma emlonyeni.
- Ukujika amehlo aye kwelinye icala.
- Ukuchama okanye ukuqunjelwa ngaphandle kokuqaphela.
- Ukwenza ingxolo engaqhelekanga.
Ezi mpawu zinokuhlala ukusuka kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa.
Zithini izizathu zokulingana?
Akukho sizathu sinye sokuba umntu axhuzule, kodwa zininzi izinto ezinokubangela ukuba axhuzule. Ngamanye amaxesha, akukho sizathu sifumanekayo. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba yi-"idiopathic seizures". Ngokubanzi, izizathu zokuba umntu axhuzule zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Ukuxhuzula Okubangelwa Yingcinga: Oku kwenzeka xa ukuxhuzula kubangelwa yimeko okanye isiganeko sexeshana. Ukuxhuzula akubuyi xa unobangela ususiwe.
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu: Umkhuhlane ophezulu, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci, unokubangela isifo sokuxhuzula. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"Ferrile seizures".
- Amanqanaba eswekile egazini: aphantsi kakhulu (hypoglycemia) okanye aphezulu kakhulu.
- Intloko ebuhlungu : Ukulimala entloko okuqatha kakhulu.
- Ukungalali kakuhle: Ukungalali kakuhle kangangeentsuku.
- Utywala okanye iziyobisi: Ukuyekisa utywala xa ngequbuliso uyeka ukusela utywala okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezithile.
- Amanye amayeza.
- Isibane sombane: Isibane esikhanya ngokukhawuleza.
2. Ukuxhuzula Okungavuswanga: Oku kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. Ukuba kwenzeka rhoqo, sibiza imeko ye -Epilepsy .
- Isifo sokuwa: Imeko ebonakala ngokuxhuzula rhoqo.
- Iithumba zobuchopho.
- Istroke.
- Usulelo lobuchopho: olufana `(Meningitis)` okanye `(Encephalitis)`.
- Iingxaki zobuchopho bokuzalwa.
- Izizathu zofuzo.
Simele senze ntoni xa umntu enesifo sokuxhuzula? (Uncedo lokuqala)
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ukuba ubona umntu exhuzula, musa ukoyika. Ukunika uncedo lokuqala olufanelekileyo kunokuthintela nayiphi na ingozi enokubakho kuloo mntu.
Khumbula, asinakuyithintela into yokuba umntu angakwazi ukuzikhusela xa isenzeka. Esinokukwenza kukulungisa imeko-bume ukuze umntu angangeni engozini.
| Izinto onokuzenza (Okufanele uzenze) | Musa ukwenza |
|---|---|
| ✅ Hlala uzolile. Gcina nabanye bezolile. | ❌ Musa ukubamba okanye ukucinezela. Musa ukuzama ukuyimisa ngamandla le ngxaki. Oku kunokubangela ukwaphuka kwamathambo. |
| ✅ Susa izinto ezibukhali neziqinileyo (iitafile, izitulo) kwindawo engqongileyo. | ❌ Musa ukufaka nantoni na emlonyeni wakho. Musa ukufaka izinto ezifana neepuni, i-ayini, okanye iziqwenga zelaphu emlonyeni wakho. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba amazinyo aqhekeke aze akrwitshwe, nokuba uxelelwe ukuba uyeke ukuluma ulwimi lwakho. |
| ✅ Ukuba kunokwenzeka, beka into ethambileyo (umqamelo, impahla egoqiweyo) phantsi kwentloko yakho ukuze ungenzi monakalo. | ❌ Musa ukuzama ukumnika amanzi okanye ukutya. Musa ukufaka nantoni na emlonyeni de umntu abuyele ezingqondweni. |
| ✅ Ukuba unxibe iiglasi , zisuse ngononophelo. | ❌ Musa ukunika i-CPR ukuba umntu uyaphefumla. |
| ✅ Emva kokuba ukudumba kuyekile , mjike umntu ngononophelo alale ecaleni (indlela yokuchacha). Oku kunceda ukususa umhluzi emlonyeni kwaye kwenze kube lula ukuphefumla. | ❌ Musa ukubashiya bodwa de babuyele ezingqondweni. Hlala nabo okwethutyana emva kokuba bebuyele ezingqondweni. Basenokuziva bedidekile kwaye bediniwe. |
| ✅ Jonga ixesha ukuze ubone ukuba ihlale ixesha elingakanani i-fitness. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kugqirha. |
Ufanele usiwe nini esibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko?
Ukuqina komzimba kudla ngokuphela emva kwemizuzu eli-1-2. Nangona kunjalo, kwezi meko, kufuneka kubizwe i-ambulensi ngoko nangoko kwaye isigulana kufuneka sithathwe sisiwe kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) .
- Ukuba ukulingana kuthatha ixesha elingaphezu kwemizuzu emi-5 .
- Ukuba enye i-stress iphelile kwaye enye ifika ngaphambi kokuba ubuyele ezingqondweni.
- Ukuba umntu onesifo sokuwa unengxaki yokuphefumla .
- Ukuba ukuqina kubangele ukwenzakala okukhulu .
- Le yinto yokuqala umntu afaneleke ngayo ebomini bakhe .
- Ukuba i-fit ingene emanzini .
- Ukuba umntu obenesifo sokuwa ngumama okhulelweyo okanye onesifo seswekile .
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze wena nomntu obone ukuba ufanelekile ngeenkcukacha. Izinto ezifana nokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba ufanelekile, okwenzekileyo ngexesha lokufaneleka, kunye nendlela ozive ngayo emva kokuba kuphelile.
Ukongeza, iimvavanyo ezinje zinokwenziwa ukufumana unobangela:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga iswekile egazini, amanqanaba etyuwa, kunye nemeko yosulelo.
- I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Oku kuvavanya iipatheni zombane engqondweni yakho. Kunokubona nayiphi na imisebenzi engaqhelekanga yombane engqondweni.
- I-CT Scan okanye i-MRI Scan: Olu hlobo lwe-scan lujonga naziphi na iithumba, amahlwili egazi, okanye ezinye iingxaki ezingaphakathi kwengqondo.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokufaneleka, uhlobo, kunye nokuba kwenzeka kangaphi.
- Ukunyanga unobangela: Ukuba unobangela wokuqina komzimba yinto yexeshana, njengomkhuhlane okanye iswekile ephantsi egazini, ukunyanga kuya kuyithintela imeko yokuqina komzimba ukuba ingabuyi.
- Amayeza Okuthintela Ukuxhuzula: Ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula rhoqo (njengokuxhuzula), ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza omawuwathathe yonke imihla. La mayeza asebenza ngokulawula ukusebenza kombane okungaqhelekanga engqondweni. Kubalulekile ukuwathatha la mayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Akufanele uyeke ukuwathatha ngokuthanda kwakho.
- Utyando: Kwezinye iimeko, xa kukho izigulo ezingenakulawuleka ngamayeza, ukuba kukho indawo ethile engqondweni apho izigulo ziqala khona, loo ndawo inokususwa ngotyando.
- Ezinye iindlela zonyango: Unyango lwanamhlanje olufana "nokukhuthaza ubuchopho" kunye neendlela ezithile zokutya ezifana "nokutya kwe-ketogenic" nazo ziyabanceda abanye abantu.
Ukuba nesithukuthezi kunokuba ngamava oyikisayo. Kunjalo nakwabo bakubonayo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukwazi oku.Ngokuqaphela, ungaloyisa olo loyiko uze uncede umntu osweleyo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unale meko, ungathandabuzi ukubona ugqirha. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ungayilawula le meko kwaye uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuxhuzula kukuphazamiseka okwethutyana komsebenzi wombane engqondweni. Akusiso isifo sengqondo.
- Ayizizo zonke iimpawu zokudinwa ezibangela ukuxhuzula. Ezinye iimpawu zokudinwa zingabonakala zincinci kakhulu, njengokumjonga nje engenanto.
- Ukuba umntu unesifo sokuxhuzula, cwangcisa indawo ukuze angabi sengozini. Kodwa ungaze uzame ukumcinezela okanye ukumfaka nantoni na emlonyeni.
- Ukuba isifo sokuwa sithatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-5 okanye siqala ukwenzeka ebomini bakho, yingxamiseko leyo. Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe unesifo sokuwa, qiniseka ukuba ucela ingcebiso kagqirha ukuze ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo nokuxilongwa.
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