I-Sepsis: Usulelo oluncinci lunokuba yingozi njani ebomini?

Ngaba unenxeba emzimbeni wakho elifumana usulelo oluncinci? Okanye unengxaki yento efana nosulelo oluncinci lwemiphunga okanye usulelo lomchamo? Sihlala sicinga ukuba ezi zinto ziya kuphela ngokuphumla kancinci kunye namayeza athile. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ngokungalindelekanga, usulelo oluncinci olunjalo lunokukhula lube yimeko embi echaphazela umzimba wonke kwaye isongela ubomi. Loo meko iyingozi ibizwa ngokuba yi-"sepsis."

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-sepsis?

Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho umkhosi okhusela ilizwe lethu. Xa utshaba luvela ngaphandle, lo mkhosi uyahamba uye kulwa notshaba olo, uloyise, kwaye usindise ilizwe. Inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela ifana nale mkhosi. Xa intsholongwane, efana nebhaktiriya okanye intsholongwane, ingena emzimbeni, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba iyasebenza kwaye ilwa naloo ntsholongwane, isisindisa kwizifo.

Kodwa, khawucinge ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomonakalo oluya kwenzeka ukuba kukho into engalunganga ngequbuliso, umkhosi wethu uyeke ukulwa notshaba, uze uqalise ukutshabalalisa amakhaya nezixeko kwilizwe lethu?

I-Sepsis yinto efana naleyo.

Xa kukho usulelo, ngamanye amaxesha amajoni omzimba wethu ayaphelelwa ngamandla. Ayayeka ukulwa nosulelo aze aqale ukuhlasela izicwili zethu ezisempilweni kunye namalungu omzimba. Oku kubangela ukudumba emzimbeni wonke.

Kwangaxeshanye, kuvela ukusabela okungaqhelekanga kwenkqubo yokujiya kwegazi, kwaye amahlwili egazi aqala ukwakheka ngokungeyomfuneko ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Oku kunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kumalungu abalulekileyo afana nengqondo, intliziyo, izintso, kunye nemiphunga. Xa la malungu eswele ioksijini kunye nesondlo, anokonakala kakhulu, angasebenzi kakuhle, aze ekugqibeleni afe.

Ngaba kukho amanqanaba e-sepsis?

Ngaphambili, oogqirha babehlukanisa i-sepsis ibe ngamanqanaba amathathu: i-sepsis, i-sepsis enzima, kunye ne-septic shock.

Kodwa ngoku, sibona oku njengemeko eqhubekayo. Oko kukuthi, inokuqala ngosulelo olulula, iqhubekele kwi-bacteremia, emva koko ibe yi-sepsis, kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe yi-septic shock, enokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwamalungu omzimba kunye nokufa.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-sepsis?

Nangona i-sepsis inokuchaphazela nabani na, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kubantu abanosulelo okanye usulelo oludluliselwa ngegazi. Aba bantu balandelayo nabo basengozini enkulu:

Zithini iimpawu ze-sepsis?

Ngenxa yokuba i-sepsis ichaphazela amalungu amaninzi omzimba, kunokubakho iimpawu ezininzi. Enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zinokwenzeka ngaxeshanye. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi mpawu, njengoko ukuzazi kwangethuba kunokusindisa ubomi.

• Umkhuhlane okanye ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi: Umzimba unokufumana umkhuhlane. Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubushushu bomzimba bunokwehla kakhulu kunesiqhelo (i-hypothermia).
• Ukungcangcazela nokuziva ubanda: Usenokuziva unesicaphucaphu emzimbeni wakho.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo: Intliziyo iqala ukubetha ngokukhawuleza kunokuba ivakalelwa.
• Ukwanda kwesantya sokuphefumla: Ukuphefumla kuyakhawuleza, kwaye kunokuvakala ngathi kukuphefumla.
• Ukudideka nokuxakeka: Ukuziva unesizungu, ulahlekelwe zingqondo, ukwenza ngathi uphazamisekile. Nokuba intetho isenokungacaci.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi: Uxinzelelo lwegazi (BP) lunokwehla ngequbuliso.
• Intlungu ebuhlungu: Usenokuziva iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo okanye ukungakhululeki emzimbeni wakho.
• Utshintsho lolusu: Ngamanye amaxesha kuvela amabala abomvu okanye anombala ongaqhelekanga kulusu (irhashalala ye-sepsis). Ulusu lusenokufudumala okanye lube manzi ngenxa yokubila.
• Ukuncipha kokuchama: Ubungakanani bomchamo owukhuphayo buncinci kakhulu kunesiqhelo.
• Ukuziva ubuthathaka: ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu kwaye ubuthathaka.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-sepsis?

Eyona nto ibangela i-sepsis kusulelo lwebhaktiriya . Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha usulelo lwefungus, i-parasites, kunye ne-virus nazo zinokubangela i-sepsis. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba nokuba ikuphi na intsholongwane, impendulo yomzimba kuyo yi-chain reaction engalawulekiyo ekhokelela kwi-sepsis.

Ezi zezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo apho usulelo lunokuqala khona:

Inkqubo yokuphefumla

• Usulelo lwemiphunga, ingakumbi iimeko ezifana ne-pneumonia.

Inkqubo yomchamo

• Usulelo lomchamo. Olu mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kubantu abanee-catheter zomchamo.

Inkqubo yesisu

• I-Appendicitis.
• Iingxaki zamathumbu.
• Usulelo olukwisisu (i-Peritonitis).
• Usulelo lwesibindi okanye inyongo.

Inkqubo ye-nervous ephakathi

• Usulelo lobuchopho okanye umqolo (umz. i-meningitis).

Ulusu

• Iintsholongwane zingena emzimbeni ngamanxeba, amanxeba, okanye kwiindawo zokufakelwa ezifana nee-saline cannulas.
• Usulelo lolusu olufana ne-cellulitis.

Ngaba i-sepsis iyosulela?

Hayi. I-Sepsis ngokwayo ayosuleli. Awuyi kuba ne-sepsis ukuba uchukumisa okanye ukufutshane nomntu one-sepsis.

Nangona kunjalo, usulelo olubangela i-sepsis ngamanye amaxesha lunokosulela. Umzekelo, ukuba lusulelo lokuphefumla olufana ne-pneumonia, iintsholongwane ezibangela usulelo zinokudluliselwa komnye umntu.

Ugqirha uyazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-sepsis?

Akukho vavanyo lulodwa olucacileyo lokuxilonga i-sepsis, ngoko oogqirha basebenzisa indibaniselwano yolwazi oluvela kwiimviwo zezigulane, iimvavanyo zelebhu, kunye nee-X-ray ukuqinisekisa imeko.

Ukuba ugqirha urhanela ukuba une-sepsis xa engeniswa esibhedlele, uya kwenza uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo. Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-``(qSOFA)``. I-Sepsis irhanelwa ukuba umntu onesifo esirhanelwayo uneempawu ezimbini okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi: Uxinzelelo lwe-Systolic (inani eliphezulu) lungaphantsi kwe-100 mmHg.
• Ukwanda kwezinga lokuphefumla: Ukuphefumla ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezingama-22 ngomzuzu.
• Ukudideka/Ukuqonda: Amanqaku ali-15 okanye ngaphantsi kwiGlasgow Coma Scale, elinganisa inqanaba lokuqonda kwesigulana.

Emva kokurhanelwa kokuqala, kwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze kuchongwe ukuba yintoni kanye kanye intsholongwane leyo kwaye nokuba kukho amalungu omzimba onzakeleyo na.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ubalo olupheleleyo lwegazi (CBC), iinkcubeko zegazi, ukusebenza kwesibindi nezintso, kunye neengxaki zokugalela igazi.
• Inqanaba leoksijini egazini: Isixhobo esifana nekliphu sincamathiselwa emnweni ukuze kulinganiswe ukuba ingakanani ioksijini egazini.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Jonga ukuba kukho usulelo lomchamo.
• Ezinye iiskeni: Kungenziwa i-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan.

Iphathwa njani i-sepsis?

Unyango lwe-sepsis kufuneka luqale ngoko nangoko . Okukhona ukuxilongwa kusenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye unyango luqala ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba okusindisa ubomi esanda.

Ngokwesiqhelo, isigulana esifunyaniswe sine-sepsis singeniswa kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu (ICU) yesibhedlele ukuze sifumane unyango olukhethekileyo.

• Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba lusulelo lwebhaktiriya, ii-antibiotics ezinamandla ezifanelekileyo ziya kuqaliswa ngoko nangoko ngemithambo yegazi (efakwa kwimithambo yegazi - IV).
• Ulwelo olufakwa kwimithambo yegazi (ii-IV fluids): Kunikwa ulwelo oluninzi, olufana ne-saline, ukuze kugcinwe ukuhamba kwegazi kakuhle kumalungu omzimba kwaye kuthintelwe ukwehla kwe-BP.
• Amayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi (iiVasopressors): Ukuba unikwe i-saline kodwa i-BP ayikwazi ukunyuswa ifikelele kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, amayeza e-vasopressor anikwa anyusa i-BP ngokucinezela imithambo yegazi.
• Inkxaso yamalungu omzimba: Ukuba ilungu liyasilela, linikwa uncedo. Umzekelo, ukuba izintso ziyasilela, kufuneka i-dialysis. Ukuba ukuphefumla kunzima, kufuneka umoya ophumayo ngomatshini.
• Utyando: Ukuba unobangela wosulelo yinto efana nesilonda esibhidlayo okanye usulelo lwesisu, izicubu ezonakeleyo kuya kufuneka zisuswe ngotyando.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokuba uphulukene ne-sepsis?

Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwaye sinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, uninzi lwabantu abane-sepsis baya kuphila ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko iba mandundu, ingakumbi ukuba ifikelela kwi-septic shock, kunokuba nzima ukusindisa ubomi nokuba kunyango. Kwi-septic shock, ukufa kunokwenzeka kwiiyure ezili-12 kuphela.

Nokuba i-sepsis isindisa ubomi, abanye abantu banokufumana iziphumo ezihlala ixesha elide.

• Ukungalali, amaphupha amabi.
• Uhlaselo loloyiko.
• Intlungu emalungeni nasezihlunwini.
• Ukuncipha kwamandla okucinga, okukhumbulayo, nokuthatha izigqibo.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwexesha elide kokusebenza kwesitho.

Kwakhona, umntu okhe waba ne-sepsis usengozini yokuphinda ayifumane. Ke ngoko, ukuba kukho usulelo olutsha oluvelayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna unyango ngoko nangoko.

Uhambo oluya ekuchacheni... emva kokubuyela ekhaya

Emva kokuba uphilile kwi-sepsis uze ubuyele ekhaya, kufuneka unike umzimba nengqondo yakho ixesha lokuphola. Ekuqaleni, unokufumana ukungakhululeki okufana noku:

Ubunzima bomzimba:

• Ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nobuthathaka.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Intlungu yomzimba.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukwenza imisebenzi, kunye neengxaki zokulala.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokunciphisa umzimba.
• Ulusu olomileyo, ukurhawuzelela, iinzipho eziqhekekileyo, kunye nokulahleka kweenwele.

Ubunzima bengqondo neemvakalelo:

• Ukuzimisela ukuba wedwa.
• Iinkumbulo zokubuyela umva.
• Ubunzima bokugxila.
• Ixhala kunye nokudandatheka.
• Ukukhawuleza ukucaphuka, ukukhungatheka.
• Ukudideka.

Phumla kangangoko unako ngeli xesha. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho. Ekuqaleni, zama ukuzibekela usukelo oluncinci, njengokuhlamba nokunxiba, uze usebenzele kulo. Thetha nosapho kunye nabahlobo malunga neemvakalelo zakho. Olu hambo luza kuthatha ixesha, kodwa kancinci kancinci uza kubuyela esiqhelweni.

Ungazikhusela njani kwi-sepsis?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphepha i-sepsis kukuthintela ukuba iintsholongwane zingabikho kwaye ufune unyango olukhawulezileyo ukuba iintsholongwane ziyenzeka.

• Ucoceko olufanelekileyo: Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo.
• Ukugcina amanxeba ecocekile: Coca amanxeba afana namanxeba kunye nokukrweleka kakuhle uze uwagcine egqunyiwe de aphole.
• Ukufumana Iigonyo: Fumana zonke iigonyo ezifunekayo ngexesha.
• Ulawulo lwezifo ezingapheliyo: Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, zilawule kakuhle.
• Funa ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko:

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unentsholongwane, ukuba ayipheli, okanye ukuba ibonakala ngathi iya isiba mandundu, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Intsholongwane engakhathalelwanga njengengxaki encinci inokuba yingozi ebomini.