Xa abantu abaninzi besiva igama elithi 'anemia ' , bacinga ngoko nangoko ngokungabikho kwe -iron . Yiyo loo nto beziva bediniwe rhoqo, bediniwe, bedidekile, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha bengakwazi ukulala. Kodwa ubusazi ukuba kwezinye iimeko ze-anemia, kwenzeka okwahlukileyo? Endaweni yokungabikho kwe-iron, i-iron kwiiseli zegazi 'iyanda'. Ngaba oku akuvakali kungaqhelekanga? Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko ye-anemia ekhethekileyo, kodwa engaqhelekanga, ebizwa ngokuba yi-sideroblastic anemia.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iSideroblastic Anemia?
Ukuze siqonde oku, masiqale sijonge igazi lethu. Ngaphakathi kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi egazini lethu kukho iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-hemoglobin . Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukubamba ioksijini engena emiphungeni xa siphefumla size siyithwale emzimbeni wonke. Ngoko ke le oksijini ibalulekile ukuze yonke iseli emzimbeni wethu iphile.
Ngoku, ukuze senze le hemoglobin, imizimba yethu ngokuqinisekileyo iyayidinga iminerali ethi 'iron'. Ngokubanzi, i-anemia yenzeka xa umzimba ungenayo i-iron. Ngenxa yoko, awukwazi ukwenza i-hemoglobin.
Nangona kunjalo, kwi-Sideroblastic Anemia, kwenzeka into eyahlukileyo. Apha, akukho kusilela kwesinyithi emzimbeni. Enyanisweni, kukho isinyithi esininzi kakhulu! Ingxaki kukuba ngenxa yesiphene kwezinye zeeseli ezibomvu zegazi eziveliswa kumongo wethu wethambo, azikwazi ukusebenzisa le isinyithi ukwenza i-hemoglobin.
Khawucinge ngekhitshi elinerayisi, amanzi, netyuwa yokupheka irayisi, kodwa isitofu serayisi saphukile. Emva koko awukwazi ukupheka irayisi. Yiyo loo nto kunjalo. Kule sifo, kukho i-iron eninzi, isithako esifunekayo ukwenza i-hemoglobin. Kodwa umzi-mveliso osebenzisa loo iron ukwenza i-hemoglobin, iiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi, awusebenzi kakuhle. Ngoko ke i-iron engasetyenziswanga iqala ukuqokelelana ngaphakathi kwezi seli ezibomvu zegazi ezinesiphako. Sizibiza ezi seli ezingaqhelekanga eziqokelele i-iron ngale ndlela `(Sideroblasts)`.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Iimpawu zesi sifo zifana kakhulu nezinye iimeko ze-anemia, ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha zinokubhideka lula. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba esi sifo sikhula kancinci, usenokungazi nokuba unaso. Ezi zezona mpawu ziphambili onokuzibona.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ubuthathaka bomzimba kunye nokudinwa | Ukuziva ucotha, udinwa ngokukhawuleza nokuba unemisebenzi emincinci. |
| Ulusu olukhanyayo | Imbonakalo engwevu ibonakala xa kukho igazi elincinci emzimbeni. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Isifo sesifuba sibangelwa kukungafumani komoya-mpilo ofunekayo emzimbeni. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (iTachycardia) | Ukunyuka kwesantya sentliziyo okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu kunye nokucaphuka | Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo kunye nokucaphuka. |
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Kwezinye iimeko, iintlungu zesifuba zinokubakho. |
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeSideroblastic Anemia?
Esi sifo sinokwahlulwahlulwa sibe ziintlobo ezimbini.
1. I-Sideroblastic Anemia ezuzwe njengelifa
Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu, yemfuza. Oko kukuthi, idluliselwa emntwaneni ngee-genes ezivela komnye wabazali. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwale nto yi -X-linked Sideroblastic Anemia . Oku kubangelwa kukuguquka kwe-gene echaphazela ukuveliswa kwe-hemoglobin. Ngenxa yoko, umzimba uzama ukufunxa i-iron engaphezulu ekutyeni ukuze kulungiswe ukungabikho kwe-hemoglobin. Kwiimeko ezinzima, inokonakalisa amalungu omzimba anjengesibindi . Olu hlobo lokuzalwa ludla ngokuchongwa ngaphambi kokuba lufikelele kwiminyaka engama-30.
2. Uhlobo lokuqalisa kamva (i-Acquired Sideroblastic Anemia)
Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Eyona nto ingcono kukuba lunokunyangwa rhoqo . Nangona oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha bengayazi imbangela echanekileyo, kukho izinto ezininzi eziphambili ezibangela le meko:
- Amayeza athile: Ingakumbi amanye amayeza anikwa isifo sephepha.
- Ukusela utywala kakhulu: Ukusela utywala kakhulu ixesha elide yeyona nto ibangela umngcipheko omkhulu.
- Iikhemikhali ezinobuthi : Ukuchanabeka ixesha elide kwiikhemikhali ezithile ezinobuthi, ezifana nelothe.
- Ezinye izifo: Le meko inokubangelwa zezinye izifo ezifana neengxaki zomzimba, iithumba, okanye izifo ze-metabolic.
Kukho into ekufuneka siyiqwalasele ngokukodwa apha. Malunga ne-10% yabantu abanolu hlobo lwamva (olufunyenweyo) banokukhula babe ngumhlaza wegazi obizwa ngokuba yiLeukemia. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa esi sifo ngokuchanekileyo, ukufumana unobangela, kunye nonyango.
Ukongeza, zombini ezi ntlobo zinokuphuhlisa enye imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -hemochromatosis , ebangela ukuba i-iron egqithisileyo iqokelele emzimbeni.
Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo ngokuchanekileyo?
Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zifana nezinye iimeko ze-anemia, kunokuba nzima kancinci ukuzifumanisa. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukumamela umzimba wakho. Ukuba unempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zidweliswe apha ngasentla, nceda ubone ugqirha wakho.
Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngononophelo ngeempawu zakho, akuhlole, aze emva koko acele iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unale meko.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi olupheleleyo kunye nophando lwesinyithi zizinto ezibalulekileyo.
- Ukutshiza Igazi Okujikeleze Umzimba: Apha, isampuli yegazi ihlolwa phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho na iiseli ezingaqhelekanga eziqokelela i-iron (ii-Sideroblasts) esithethe ngazo ngaphambili.
- I-Bone Marrow Biopsy: Kwezinye iimeko, kusenokufuneka kuthathwe isampulu encinci yomongo wethambo kwaye ivavanywe ukuqinisekisa isifo.
- Ezinye iimvavanyo: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-MRI scan okanye uvavanyo lwemfuza.
Iphathwa njani?
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke ekubeni unohlobo oluzalwe nalo okanye olufunyenweyo.
- Ukunyanga Unobangela: Ukuba une-type oyifumeneyo, inyathelo lokuqala kukususa unobangela. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho iyeza elibangela le meko, ugqirha wakho uza kuyiyeka loo mayeza aze akunike elinye. Ukuba usela kakhulu, kuya kufuneka uyeke ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo.
- IVithamini B6: Izifundo zibonise ukuba iVithamini B6, okanye iPyridoxine, inokuba luncedo ekunyangeni zombini ezi ntlobo zesifo. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika le Vithamini njengesongezelelo.
- Ukususa i-iron egqithisileyo: Kukho amayeza anokunikwa ukususa i-iron egqithisileyo emzimbeni. I-Deferoxamine inikwa njengenaliti phantsi kolusu, kwaye i-Deferasirox inikwa njengepilisi. Nangona kunjalo, la mayeza anokuchaphazela izintso, ngoko ke kufuneka asetyenziswe phantsi kweliso elibukhali likagqirha.
- Utofelo-gazi: Ukuba umzimba wakho awusabeli kunyango lwe-vitamin B6, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utofelo-gazi. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuneengxaki zako. Ngokuqhubeka notofelo-gazi, amanqanaba e-iron emzimbeni wakho aya kwanda, nto leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wokonakala kwesibindi.
- Ukufakelwa kweBone Marrow: Olu lunyango lokugqibela. Luqwalaselwa kwiimeko ezinzima apho kungekho nyango lumbi oluye lwanceda.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Sideroblastic anemia ayifani ne-anemia eqhelekileyo. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba amanqanaba e-iron ngaphakathi kweeseli zegazi ayanda, awanciphi.
- Nokuba uneempawu ezifana nokudinwa rhoqo kunye nokuba mdaka, musa ukuzenzela isigqibo sokuba kukungabikho nje kwe-iron emzimbeni.
- Esi sifo sinokuzalwa naso okanye siphuhle kamva ngenxa yezinto ezifana notywala okanye amayeza athile.
- Ukuba uneempawu, qiniseka ukuba ucela ingcebiso kugqirha. Ukuzixilonga kunye nokuzinyanga kunokuba yingozi kakhulu.
- Kukho unyango olusebenzayo, olufana ne-vitamin B6 kunye namayeza okususa i-iron. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba unyango olulungele wena.
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