Xa sisiva igama elithi "uhlaselo lwentliziyo," sicinga ngoko nangoko ngomntu okwimuvi obamba isifuba sakhe aze akhale ngenxa yentlungu ngaphambi kokuba awe phantsi. Yinyani leyo, uninzi lwezihlaselo zentliziyo luza nentlungu ebukhali esifubeni. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ezinye izihlaselo zentliziyo ziza ngaphandle kwesandi, phantse njengokuhleba? Oku sikubiza ngokuba "luhlaselo lwentliziyo oluthuleyo" kumayeza. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kuba sisenokungaqondi kwaye sisenokungafumani unyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Kalula nje, yintoni le Silent Heart Attack?
Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okuthuleyo kufana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okuqhelekileyo. Ngokwezonyango, le yimeko efanayo ne-"Myocardial Infarction". Ngamafutshane, intliziyo yethu yimpompo eyenziwe ngezicubu zemisipha. Ezi zicubu zemisipha zifuna ukunikezelwa rhoqo kweoksijini kunye negazi elinezakha-mzimba ukuze zisebenze. Eli gazi linikezelwa yimithambo yegazi emincinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Coronary Arteries" entliziyweni ngokwayo.
Khawucinge ukuba umthambo wegazi une-cholesterol eninzi, ebizwa ngokuba yi-plaque, kwaye ivaleka kancinci kancinci. Ngolunye usuku, le plaque iyaqhuma, igazi liqhekeke, kwaye umthambo wegazi uvaleka ngokupheleleyo. Emva koko umsipha wentliziyo obonelelwa ngegazi ngulo mthambo wegazi uyeka ukufumana igazi. Xa loo msipha ulahlekelwa yioksijini, uqala ukufa. Yiloo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-heart attack.
Kwisifo sentliziyo esiqhelekileyo, oku kwenzeka ngentlungu eqatha esifubeni. Kodwa kwisifo sentliziyo esithuleyo, lo monakalo entliziyweni uyenzeka ngaphandle kweempawu, okanye ngeempawu ezincinci kakhulu esingazinaki kangako. Into eyoyikisayo kukuba, umonakalo unokuba mnye kuzo zombini iimeko. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba kungekho zimpawu, awazi ukuba udinga unyango.
Ngaba siyaqonda ngokwenene umahluko kwiimpawu?
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Kufuneka sazi umahluko phakathi kweempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okuqhelekileyo kunye neempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okungabonakaliyo. Khawuthelekelele ukuba umhlobo wakho uthe ngequbuliso uneentlungu esifubeni, ubuya kumsa esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Kodwa ukuba uthe, "Ndiziva ndidinwe kancinci," besingayi kuyithathela ingqalelo loo nto, akunjalo? Jonga lo mahluko.
| Iimpawu Ezincinci Zokuhlaselwa Yintliziyo Okungathethiyo | Iimpawu eziqatha zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okuqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Ukudinwa ngaphandle kwesizathu: Ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nokuziva ubuthathaka obuhlala iintsuku ezininzi. | Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni: Intlungu ebuhlungu embindini wesifuba, ngokungathi icinezelwa ngentsimbi, ngokungathi indlovu inyathele kuso. |
| Ukuziva ngathi awutyi kakuhle: Ukuziva utshisa esiswini, ukuziva ngathi unesifo segastritis. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba esi sisifo segastritis. | Ukuphefumla nzima: Ukuziva ufuthanisekile ngequbuliso. |
| Njengomkhuhlane: iintlungu zomzimba, umzimba uziva ungakhululekanga, ngokungathi unomkhuhlane. | Intlungu ephuma ingalo yasekhohlo: Intlungu yesifuba esasazeka ingalo yasekhohlo, mhlawumbi iye entanyeni, emhlathini, okanye emqolo. |
| Intlungu yokuqengqeleka kwemisipha emqolo okanye esifubeni: Ukuziva ngathi imisipha yakho ibuhlungu ngenxa yokuzilolonga. | Ukudinwa nokubila okubandayo: Ukuziva unesizungu, ubanda kwaye ubila. |
| Intlungu engachazekiyo emhlathini, entanyeni, okanye emagxeni. | Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ungaze uyityeshele kwanempawu ezincinci ezifana nale, ingakumbi ukuba unezinto ezinokubangela isifo sentliziyo.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okuba nesifo sentliziyo kunabanye. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba "zizinto ezinobungozi." Ezinye zezi zinto sinokuzilawula, kodwa ezinye asinakuzitshintsha.
Izinto ezinobungozi esinokuzilawula
- Uxinzelelo Lwegazi Oluphezulu: Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi lusanda, intliziyo iziva ixinezelekile kakhulu kwaye imithambo yegazi yonakele.
- I-Cholesterol Ephezulu: I-cholesterol "embi" (LDL) iqokelelana kwimithambo yegazi ize iyivale.
- Isifo seswekile: Abantu abanesifo seswekile banamathuba amaninzi okulimala kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini. Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okungabonakaliyo kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanesifo seswekile nakubafazi.
- Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya yenye yezona ntshaba zinkulu zentliziyo. Kuyenza imithambo yegazi ibe buthathaka kwaye kwandisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokungazilolongi: Xa ubunzima bomzimba busanda kwaye umthambo uncipha, kuvula indlela yokufikelela kuyo yonke into ukusuka kuxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ukuya kwi-cholesterol kunye nesifo seswekile.
- Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo: Uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo alulungelanga intliziyo.
- Ukutya okungenampilo: Ukutya okuneoyile eninzi, ityuwa, kunye neswekile akulunganga entliziyweni.
Izinto ezinobungozi esingenakuzitshintsha
- Ubudala: Umngcipheko uyanda ngokukhula, ingakumbi emva kweminyaka engama-45 kumadoda nasemva kokuya exesheni kubafazi.
- Imbali yosapho: Ukuba omnye wezalamane zakho ezisondeleyo (umama, utata, umntakwenu) ukhe waba nesifo sentliziyo esemncinci, nawe usengozini enkulu.
Wazi njani ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa yintliziyo buthule?
Le yeyona ngxaki inkulu. Rhoqo, umntu ufumanisa ukuba uhlaselwe sisifo sentliziyo ngokungathethiyo iiveki, iinyanga, okanye iminyaka kamva. Naloo nto ngengozi. Khawuthelekelele uye kugqirha ngesizathu esithile uze wenze i-'ECG' (i-Electrocardiogram). Kulapho ugqirha ebona khona ukuba kukho umonakalo othile entliziyweni yakho ngaphambili.
Iimvavanyo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ukufumanisa oku zezi:
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Le ivavanya umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo ukuze kubonwe ukuba akukho monakalo na kwimisipha yentliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Oku kufana nokuskena kwentliziyo. Kunokujonga indlela intliziyo esebenza ngayo, indlela epompa ngayo igazi, kunye nokuba akukho monakalo na.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi: Ngexesha lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ii-enzyme ezithile (iiCardiac Enzymes) ezivela kwimisipha yentliziyo ziyakhutshwa ziye egazini. Ezi zinokuvavanywa.
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo: I-ECG ithathwa xa uhamba kwi-treadmill ukuze kubonwe indlela intliziyo esabela ngayo xa usenza umthambo.
Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba unamathandabuzo? Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Le yimeko engxamisekileyo! Ukuba uneempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, nokuba zincinci kangakanani na, musa ukuzama ukuya esibhedlele wedwa.
1. Fowunela u-1990 ngoko nangoko: I-ambulensi yeyona ndlela ilungileyo nekhuselekileyo. Iingcali zoncedo olungxamisekileyo kwi-ambulensi zingaqala uncedo lokuqala olufunekayo ngelixa zikusa esibhedlele.
2. Yiya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane: Ukuba awukwazi ukulinda i-ambulensi, yiya kwi -ETU ngokukhawuleza ngoncedo lomntu.
Esibhedlele, oogqirha baza kuhlola imeko yakho ngokukhawuleza baze baqalise unyango.
- Ukubonelela ngeoksijini.
- Ukunika amayeza afana ne-aspirin ukuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi.
- Ukunika amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu.
- Unyango lokuvula umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza oku:
- I-Angioplasty: Kule nkqubo, ityhubhu encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-"catheter" ifakwa ngomlenze okanye ingalo kwimithambo yegazi evalekileyo entliziyweni, kwaye ibhaluni iyavuthelwa ukuze ivuleke. Rhoqo, kufakwa isakhiwo esifana ne-mesh esibizwa ngokuba yi-"stent" ukuze sithintele ukuba singavaleki kwakhona.
- I-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG): Ukuba umthambo wegazi uvalekile kakhulu, kuthathwa iqhekeza lomthambo wegazi ovela kwenye indawo yomzimba (njengomlenze) kwaye kwenziwa indlela entsha ejikeleze indawo evalekileyo. Olu lutyando olukhulu.
Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukuthintela ukuba into efana nale ingaphindi yenzeke?
Emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kufuneka utshintshe indlela ophila ngayo. Asinto yokoyika, lithuba lesibini olifumanayo lokukhusela intliziyo yakho.
- Sela amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho ngqo: Uza kunikwa amayeza aliqela oza kuwasebenzisa ubomi bakho bonke. La aquka amayeza afana ne-"Statins" anciphisa i-cholesterol, "Antiplatelets" alawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye ne-"Antiplatelets" ezithintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi. Ungaphoswa nalusuku olunye kwezi.
- Ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Nciphisa ioyile, ityuwa, kunye neswekile kangangoko unako. Faka imifuno, iziqhamo, imifuno eluhlaza kunye neentlanzi ezincinci ekutyeni kwakho.
- Ukuzilolonga: Hamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba loluphi uhlobo lokuzilolonga olufanelekileyo kuwe.
- Yeka ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo: Musa ukutshaya necuba elinye.
- Lawula ubunzima bakho: Gcina ubunzima bakho bufanelekile ngokweenqanaba lakho lobude.
- Lawula uxinzelelo: Unganciphisa uxinzelelo ngokwenza izinto ezifana nokucamngca, i-yoga, kunye nokuzibandakanya kwinto oyithandayo.
- Thatha inxaxheba kwiiNkqubo zoNyango lwentliziyo: Ezinye izibhedlele zineenkqubo zokulungisa imeko yengqondo ezilungiselelwe izigulana zentliziyo. Kwezi, ungafunda okuninzi malunga nokuzilolonga, ukutya, kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwengqondo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uhlaselo lwentliziyo alusoloko luhambisana neentlungu eziqatha esifubeni. Ngamanye amaxesha lunokuvela ngequbuliso.
- Ungaze ungazihoyi iimpawu ezincinci ezifana nokudinwa okungachazekiyo, ukungagayi kakuhle ukutya, umkhuhlane, okanye iintlungu zomqolo, ingakumbi ukuba unezinto ezibangela umngcipheko.
- Ukuba uneengxaki ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye i-cholesterol, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzilawula.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo sentliziyo, kufuneka ubonane nogqirha rhoqo ukuze ahlolwe.
- Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba uhlaselwe yintliziyo, musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye fowunela u-1990 ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane. Umzuzwana ngamnye ufanelekile ukusindisa ubomi bakho.
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