Ngaba wakha wajika ingalo okanye umlenze waza waphuka ithambo? Masifunde ngale 'Spiral Fracture' iyingozi!

Hayi Thixo wam, khawucinge ukuba ubudlala ibhola ekhatywayo okanye wehla ngezinyuko uze ngequbuliso umlenze wakho ujijeke ngendlela engaqhelekanga, nto leyo ebangela iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo kwaye kwenze kube nzima ukushukumisa ingalo okanye umlenze wakho! Ukuba kunjalo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ubukhe wahlaselwa yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-"spiral fracture." Olu luhlobo olubi kakhulu lokwaphuka. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngalo ngokweenkcukacha, ngokungathi uxelela umhlobo.

Yintoni le ngqukuva iqhekekileyo?

Ngamafutshane, ukwaphuka kwe-spiral kukuqhekeka emzimbeni wakho okwenzeka xa ithambo laphukile ngamandla ajikelezayo . Kufana ne-corkscrew evula i-cork. Ukuqhekeka kusasazeka ecaleni kwethambo ngendlela ye-spiral, okanye isangqa. Ezi zidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-" complete fractures" `. Oku kuthetha ukuba ithambo laphukile ngokupheleleyo kubini.

Ukuze ukuqonde ngcono oku, cinga ngale ndlela: Xa ucinezela ilaphu elimanzi, liyajika embindini, akunjalo? Yiyo le indlela okwenzeka ngayo ukwaphuka okunje xa ithambo lijijwa ngamandla.

Olu hlobo lwamathambo lunokwenzeka kulo?

Ukuqhekeka kwemisipha kudla ngokuchaphazela amathambo amade emzimbeni wethu. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Ithambo lethanga (i-femur)
• Ithambo lesifuba (`iTibia`)
• Elinye ithambo elincinci elingaphandle kwethambo lesifuba (`Fibula`)
• Ithambo elikwindawo yeqakala (`Talus`)
• Ithambo elisuka egxalabeni lethu ukuya engqinibeni yethu (`Humerus`)
• Amathambo kwingalo (`Radius` kunye ne`Ulna`)
• Amathambo amancinci kwiminwe nakwiinzwane (`Phalanges` kunye` Metacarpals`)

Xa kwenzeka ukwaphuka ngolu hlobo, kufuneka utyando rhoqo. Ixesha lokuphiliswa liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethambo elaphukileyo kunye nesizathu. Nangona kunjalo, kudla ngokuthatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuze kuphiliswe ngokupheleleyo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokuqhekeka kwe-spiral kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-'greenstick'?

Ezi zombini ziintlobo zokwaphuka kwamathambo, kodwa zineempawu ezahlukeneyo. Kugqirha, la magama akuxelela indlela ithambo elaphukile ngayo, apho likhoyo, nendlela elibonakala ngayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni.

• Ukuqhekeka kwe-spiral kukuqhekeka kwethambo okwenza izitebhisi ezijikelezayo. Oku kwenzeka xa ithambo lijijeka ngamandla amakhulu ngenxa yokuwa, iingozi, okanye ukwenzakala kwezemidlalo. Cinga ngako njengomntu obamba umlenze wakho aze awujije ngelixa udlala i-rugby.
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-'Greenstick' kuxa ithambo ligoba kwaye linenkantsi encinci kulo, kodwa aliqhekeki ngokupheleleyo libe ziingceba ezimbini. Ngaba wakha wazama ukuqhekeza intonga eluhlaza, oko kukuthi, intonga ethambileyo, ngezandla zakho? Ayiqhekeki kakuhle ibe ziingceba ezimbini njengentonga eyomileyo, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto kunjalo. Ezi nkceba ze-'Greenstick' zixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni abancinci.

Ngoko ke, nokuba ubiza ntoni na, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha kwangoko xa wenzakele kwaye uhlolwe.

Yintoni edibanisa oku 'neToddler Fracture' eyenzeka ebantwaneni abancinci?

'Ukwaphuka komntwana omncinci' luhlobo oluthile lwe-'Spiral Fracture'. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala. Njengamanye amaqhekeza ajikelezayo, kubangelwa ngamandla okujika, kodwa kudla ngokuchaphazela ithambo lesifuba (i-'Tibia') . Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokwenzeka xa umntwana ekhubeka aze awe ngelixa ehamba okanye ebaleka.

Ziqheleke kangakanani ezi zifo ezijikelezayo?

Ukuqhekeka kwemisipha okujikelezayo akuqhelekanga kangako. Kudla ngokubangelwa ziingozi ezinkulu kunye nokwenzakala, ngoko ke akuxhaphakanga kangako kunezinye iintlobo zokuqhekeka.

Ngoobani abanokuba nezi ntlobo zokwaphuka kwamalungu omzimba?

Nabani na angaphuka ithambo, kwaye ukwaphuka kwe-spiral kunokwenzeka nakubani na. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa ziingozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uwa rhoqo, unamathuba amaninzi okuba nolu hlobo lokuqhekeka. Kwakhona, abantu abane -osteoporosis basengozini enkulu yazo zonke iintlobo zokuqhekeka, kuquka ukwaphuka kwe-spiral.

Zithini iimpawu zokuqhekeka kwe-spiral?

Olu hlobo lokuqhekeka ludla ngokubonisa ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Intlungu ebuhlungu
• Ukudumba
• Ukuthamba xa kuchukunyiswa
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa inxalenye yomzimba enokushukunyiswa ngokuqhelekileyo
• Ukugruzuka okanye ukutshintsha kombala wolusu
• Inkangeleko ekhubazekileyo okanye iqhuma elingaqhelekanga liyabonakala kuloo ndawo.

Zithini iikhefu 'eziVulekileyo' kunye 'neziValiweyo'?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuhlela ukwaphuka kwakho ngokuthi 'kuvuliwe' okanye 'kuvaliwe'.

• Xa ithambo lakho liqhekekile , ithambo lakho liyaphuka eluswini. Oku kuthatha ixesha elide ukuphola, kwaye kukho umngcipheko ophezulu wosulelo kunye nezinye iingxaki.
• Xa ithambo liqhekekile livaliwe , ithambo liyaphuka kodwa aliphuki eluswini. Oku kusenzima, kodwa umngcipheko weengxaki uphantsi kunokwaphuka okuvulekileyo.

Yintoni ukwaphuka 'okufudukileyo'?

Amagama athi 'Displaced' okanye 'non-displaced' ngugqirha wakho aza kuwasebenzisa ukuchaza ukwaphuka kwakho.

• Ukuqhekeka okuphumileyo kuxa iziqwenga zamathambo eziphukileyo zisuswa, nto leyo eshiya umsantsa ojikeleze ukuqhekeka.
• Xa ithambo lingaphumi, ithambo lisaphukile, kodwa iziqwenga azikahambi kakhulu endaweni yalo.

Iingozi ezilahlekileyo zihlala zifuna utyando.

Yintoni ebangela la maqhekeza ajikelezayo?

Naluphi na uhlobo lokungqubana okubangela ukuba ithambo lijike lunokubangela olu hlobo lokuqhekeka. Zidla ngokuvela xa ingalo yakho, umlenze, okanye umzimba wakho ukhutshwa ngequbuliso kwindawo yawo eqhelekileyo. Ezinye zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Ukuwa (umz., ukuwa phantsi kwezinyuko, ukusuka kwindawo ephakamileyo)
• Iingozi zezithuthi
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo (umz., ibhola ekhatywayo, iragbi, ibasketball)
• Iingozi emsebenzini

Khawuthelekelele ukuba umntu ebenokutyibilika aze abethe isandla sakhe emhlabeni aze ajike umzimba wakhe uye kwelinye icala, ithambo esandleni sakhe lingaphuka ngolu hlobo.

Ugqirha ufumanisa njani ngokuchanekileyo ukwaphuka kwe-spiral?

Ugqirha uza kuqala akuhlole umzimba . Emva koko, uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi zokuthatha imifanekiso .

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?

Emva kovavanyo lomzimba, olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo lunokwenziwa:

• I-X-reyi: I-X-reyi ingabonisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kukho ukwaphuka, nokuba kukujikeleza okanye lolunye uhlobo, kunye nokuba monakalo mkhulu kangakanani owenziweyo.
• I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-MRI scan. Oku kungakunika umfanekiso opheleleyo womonakalo owenzeka emathanjeni nakwizicwili ezijikelezileyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho umonakalo owenzeka kwimisipha, kwizicwili ezidityanisiweyo, nakwizitho zomzimba.
• I-CT scan: Ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando, ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka azi kakuhle ukuba umonakalo owenziwe emathanjeni akho ungakanani. I-CT scan ingathatha umfanekiso oneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngamathambo akho kunye nezicwili ezingqongileyo kune-X-ray.

Iphathwa njani i-spiral fracture?

Unyango lokwaphuka kwe-spiral yakho luxhomekeke kubukhulu bokwaphuka kokuqala kunye nohlobo lwethambo elaphukileyo. Amathambo aphukileyo kufuneka aphile aze aphinde ahlangane. Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni onakele kangakanani kwaye yintoni ebangele ukwaphuka, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa unyango olwahlukeneyo.

Ukungakwazi ukuhambahamba

Ukuba ukwaphuka kwakho akukubi kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba iziqwenga zamathambo azikude kakhulu (`azikho kwindawo yazo`), unokukwazi ukuchacha ngokufaka nje i-splint okanye i-cast . I-splint idla ngokuhlala malunga neeveki ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu. I-cast inokuhlala ixesha elide, idla ngokuhlala iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka wenze enye i-X-ray ukuqinisekisa ukuba ithambo liphola kakuhle.

Ukunciphisa amathambo ngaphandle kotyando (Ukunciphisa okuValiweyo)

Kwabo baphuke kakhulu, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'closed reduction' isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa amathambo. Olu asilotyando. Ugqirha ubamba aze atsale amathambo aphuke ngaphandle. Ngexesha lale nkqubo, uza kunikwa enye yezi zinto zilandelayo ukunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu:

• I-anesthetic yendawo iya kuyibulala kuphela indawo ejikeleze ukwaphuka.
• Ii-sedatives zokuphumla umzimba wonke.
• I-anesthesia eqhelekileyo iya kukwenza ulale kuyo yonke inkqubo.

Emva kolu 'cutho oluvaliweyo', ugqirha uza kukufaka i-splint okanye i-plaster.

Utyando lokwaphuka kwe-spiral

Xa amathambo akho ophukileyo kakhulu, kufuneka utyando. Ugqirha uza kulungisa amathambo akho aze awalungise endaweni yawo, ukuze aphile kunye. Oku kwenziwa rhoqo ngokusebenzisa i-internal fixation . Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha uza kufaka iziqwenga zesinyithi ethanjeni lakho aze alibambe endaweni yalo de liphole. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-internal fixation:

• Iintonga: Intonga efakwa ngethambo, ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi.
• Iipleyiti kunye nezikrufu: Iipleyiti zesinyithi zisetyenziselwa ukubamba iziqwenga zamathambo kunye.
• Iiphini neengcingo: Iiphini neengcingo zisetyenziselwa ukubamba iziqwenga zamathambo ezincinci kunye kunezinye izixhobo zokuzibophelela. Zihlala zisetyenziswa kunye neentonga okanye iipleyiti.

Abanye abantu bahlala nezi ziqwenga zesinyithi emizimbeni yabo. Abanye kufuneka batyandwe kwakhona ukuze zisuswe.

Ukulungiswa Kwangaphandle

Usenokukwazi nokufakelwa ngaphandle . Ugqirha uza kufaka izikrufu okanye iiphini kwithambo lakho elaphukileyo kumacala omabini omzimba wakho aze azincamathisele kwinkxaso okanye kwi-brace ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Oku kudla ngokuba yinkqubo yexeshana. Kwenziwa ukuze kuzinziswe ukwaphuka kwaye kunikwe ixesha lokuphola ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ukulungiswa kwangaphakathi.

Ukufakelwa Kwamathambo

Ukuba ukwaphuka kwakho okujikelezayo kususiwe kwiindawo ezininzi, okanye ukuba ithambo alipholi kakuhle, kunokufuneka wenze i-bone graft . Ugqirha uza kufaka izicubu zethambo ezongezelelweyo aze aphinde adibanise ithambo elaphukileyo. Emva koko, ngesiqhelo ngokufakelwa kwangaphakathi, iziqwenga zibanjwa kunye de ithambo likhule kwakhona. Izicubu zale thambo graft zinokuthathwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo:

• Ukusuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho - rhoqo ngaphezulu kwethambo lesinqe sakho.
• Kusuka komnye umnikeli (`umnikeli wangaphandle`).
• Isiqwenga sokutshintsha esenziweyo.

Utyando lokwaphuka kwemisipha ejikelezayo ludla ngokuba yinkqubo yokulaliswa ngaphandle . Oku kuthetha ukuba kuxhomekeke ekubeni kwaphuka kangakanani na, kufuneka ukwazi ukuya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba utyando lwethambo elikhulu, njenge-femur okanye i-tibia yakho, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele usuku okanye ezimbini.

Emva kotyando, ithambo eliphukileyo liyayeka ukuhamba. Kusenokufuneka unxibe i-brace, i-splint, okanye i-cast ngaphambi kokuba uphinde uyibeke ubunzima okanye uyisebenzise njengoko ubusenza ngaphambi kokuba yaphuke.

Ngawaphi amayeza anikwa oku?

Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha ezifana ne-aspirin okanye i-ibuprofen (NSAIDs ) zinokubangela ukopha kunye nezinye iingxaki emva kotyando. Ngoko ke, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ngamayeza onokuwasebenzisa ukunciphisa iintlungu emva kotyando.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa kunyangwa ukwaphuka kwe-spiral?

Utyando lokwaphuka kwe-spiral lunokubangela iingxaki ezifana nezi:

• I-Acute Comppartment Syndrome (ACS): Uxinzelelo kwimisipha luyanda, ukuhamba kwegazi kwiithishu kuyanqanyulwa, kwaye umonakalo osisigxina kwimisipha nakwimithambo-luvo unokwenzeka.
• I-Malunion: Amathambo aphukileyo angadibani kakuhle xa ephola.
• Ukungadibani: Amathambo awakhuli ndawonye ngokupheleleyo nangendlela efanelekileyo.
• Usulelo lwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis): Ukuba uneqhekeza elivulekileyo (apho ithambo liqhekeka khona eluswini), usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana usulelo lwebhaktheriya.
• Ezinye iingozi zangaphakathi: Ukwaphuka kwamalungu omzimba kungonakalisa izihlunu, imithambo-luvo, imithambo yegazi, imisipha, kunye nemisipha ejikeleze indawo eyonzakeleyo.

Kwakhona, amayeza e-NSAID anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga:

• Ukopha
• Izilonda
• Intlungu yesisu
• Iingxaki zamathumbu

Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva konyango?

Kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba iimpawu zakho ziphele. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo ukulungisa ukwaphuka kwe-spiral kunye nethambo elaphukileyo, kufuneka ukwazi ukuhambisa umzimba wakho kwakhona kancinci kancinci kwiiveki ezimbalwa.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unentlungu enzima enganyamezelekiyo kwaye ayipheli, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.

Singazikhusela njani kwiingozi ezinje?

Landela la macebiso okhuseleko ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokwenzakala:

• Soloko unxibe ibhanti yakho xa uqhuba.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo kuyo yonke imisebenzi nemidlalo.
• Gcina ikhaya lakho nendawo osebenza kuyo zingenazo izinto ezingafunekiyo ezinokukukhubekisa okanye zikhubeke kwabanye.
• Soloko usebenzisa izixhobo okanye izixhobo ezifanelekileyo xa uphakamisa izinto endlwini. Ungaze ukhwele ezitulweni, etafileni, okanye kwiikhawuntara.
• Landela indlela yokutya kunye nesicwangciso sokuzilolonga esinceda ukugcina amathambo akho esempilweni .
• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala, okanye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-osteoporosisUkuba kunjalo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga novavanyo lobunzima bamathambo.

Ngaba ukwaphuka kwe-spiral kungathintelwa?

Ukwaphuka kwemisipha kudla ngokubangelwa kukuwa, iingozi, okanye ukwenzakala kwezemidlalo, ngoko ke akukho nto ininzi inokwenziwa ukuthintela oku. Nangona kunjalo, ukulandela amanyathelo okhuseleko akhankanywe apha ngasentla kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko kancinci.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba uneempundu ezijikelezayo?

Ukuba uneempundu ezijikelezayo, ungalindela ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo.

Uza kufuna unyango lomzimba ukuze ufumane amandla kunye nomgama wokunyakaza kwilungu lomzimba elonzakeleyo.

Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba oku kuphiliswe?

Ixesha elithathayo ukuze uphile lixhomekeke kubukhulu bokwaphuka kwakho kunye nonyango olufunekayo. Uninzi lwabantu luthatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuze luphile emva kokwaphuka okujikelezayo.

Zininzi nezinye izinto ezinokuchaphazela ixesha eliza kuthatha umzimba wakho ukuba uphile. Thetha nogqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wakho malunga nexesha elifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.

Awukwazi ukuya emsebenzini okanye esikolweni?

Ukulimala kwakho kunye nokuphuka kwamathambo kuya kugqiba ukuba uza kuba kude kangakanani nomsebenzi, isikolo, kunye neminye imisebenzi.

Ngelixa usaphila, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise nayiphi na imisebenzi yomzimba.

Ekugqibeleni malunga nokuqhekeka kwe-spiral...

Ithemba leengozi ezininzi ze-spiral fractures lilungile. Nokuba utyando, kufuneka uphile ngokupheleleyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu be-fracture yakho, kunokufuneka uziphephe ezinye izinto emva kokuba uphilile. Thetha nogqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wakho malunga neendlela ezilungileyo zokuthintela ukwenzakala kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-fractures kwixesha elizayo.

Sifanele siye nini esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uphuke i-spiral - okanye naluphi na olunye uphuke - kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Yiya kwigumbi longxamiseko ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Intlungu ebuhlungu.
• Ukungakwazi ukushukumisa inxalenye yomzimba enokushukunyiswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
• Ukuba inxalenye yomzimba itshintshe kakhulu kwinkangeleko okanye iphuma kwindawo yayo eqhelekileyo.
• Ukuba amathambo akho abonakala ngesikhumba sakho.
• Ukudumba.
• Ukuba kukho imivumbo emitsha ebonakala kunye nezinye iimpawu.

Ukuba wenzakele kakhulu (ukwenzakala), yiya kwigumbi longxamiseko ngokukhawuleza.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa ubona ugqirha, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Leliphi ithambo elaphukileyo?
• Ngaba ndinokwaphuka okujikelezayo okanye olunye uhlobo lokuqhekeka?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndityandwe?
• Iza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphila?
• Ndingawuqala nini kwakhona umsebenzi womzimba?

Ukwaphuka kwemisipha yomqolo kukwenzakala okoyikekayo, kodwa ugqirha wakho kunye nogqirha wakho baza kukubuyisela ezinyaweni zakho ngokukhawuleza. Musa ukukhawulezisa ukuchacha kwakho. Thatha inyathelo elinye ngexesha, kwaye uzinike ixesha lokuphola. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela zokugcina amathambo akho omelele kwaye esempilweni, kwaye ufumane uvavanyo rhoqo loxinano lwamathambo ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 okanye unembali yosapho lwakho ye-osteoporosis.

Isishwankathelo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuqhekeka kwe-spiral kukuqhekeka apho ithambo laphulwa ngamandla ajikelezayo. Lihamba ngethambo njenge-corkscrew. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukuwa kunye neengozi zemidlalo. Iimpawu zingabandakanya iintlungu eziqatha, ukudumba, kunye nokungakwazi ukuhamba. Unyango lubandakanya ukugawulwa kwethambo kunye notyando. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba wenzakele ngolu hlobo. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nokuphumla, ungaphila ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika, kodwa ungalibazisi!

Ukwaphuka kwamathambo , ukwaphuka kwe-spiral, ukwaphuka kwe-torsion, utyando lwamathambo, ukuphiliswa kwamathambo, iingozi, ukwenzakala kwezemidlalo